Neurosarcoidosis Questions & Answers

Updated: Nov 13, 2018
  • Author: Gabriel Bucurescu, MD, MS; Chief Editor: Tarakad S Ramachandran, MBBS, MBA, MPH, FAAN, FACP, FAHA, FRCP, FRCPC, FRS, LRCP, MRCP, MRCS  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is neurosarcoidosis?

What is the pathophysiology of sarcoidosis in neurosarcoidosis?

What is the pathophysiology of neuropathy in neurosarcoidosis?

What causes neurosarcoidosis?

What is the prevalence of neurosarcoidosis in the US?

What is the global prevalence of neurosarcoidosis?

What are the racial predilections of neurosarcoidosis?

What are the sexual predilections of neurosarcoidosis?

Which age groups have the highest prevalence of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the prognosis of neurosarcoidosis?

Presentation

Which clinical history findings are characteristic of neurosarcoidosis?

How is neuropathy characterized in neurosarcoidosis?

What are presentations of cranial nerve mononeuropathy, in relation to neurosarcoidosis?

What are the signs and symptoms of cranial nerve mononeuropathies in neurosarcoidosis?

What are the signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathies in neurosarcoidosis?

What are the signs and symptoms of CNS involvement in neurosarcoidosis?

How do seizures affect the prognosis of neurosarcoidosis?

What are the signs and symptoms of autonomic involvement in neurosarcoidosis?

What are signs of neurosarcoidosis?

Which physical findings are characteristic of neurosarcoidosis?

DDX

Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis when no sarcoidosis is present?

What should be excluded prior to a diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis in children?

When should a diagnosis of necrotizing neurosarcoidosis be considered?

What conditions are included in the differential diagnoses of neurosarcoidosis?

What are the differential diagnoses for Neurosarcoidosis?

Workup

How is neurosarcoidosis diagnosed?

How is peripheral neuropathy in neurosarcoidosis diagnosed?

Which CBC findings are characteristic of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of blood studies in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of liver function tests in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of endocrine studies in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of chest radiography in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of MRI in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

Which findings on MRI are characteristic of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of FDG-PET in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of EMG and nerve conduction studies in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of evoked potential studies in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of CSF analysis in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of biopsy in the workup of neurosarcoidosis?

Which histologic findings are characteristic of neurosarcoidosis?

Treatment

How is neurosarcoidosis treated?

Which adjunctive therapies are used in the treatment of the neurologic manifestations of neurosarcoidosis?

Which specialist consultations are beneficial to patients with neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of immunosuppressants in the treatment of neurosarcoidosis?

What is the role of radiation in the treatment of neurosarcoidosis?

Medications

Which medications are used in the treatment of neurosarcoidosis?

Which medications in the drug class Immunomodulators are used in the treatment of Neurosarcoidosis?

Which medications in the drug class Antimalarials are used in the treatment of Neurosarcoidosis?

Which medications in the drug class Immunosuppressants are used in the treatment of Neurosarcoidosis?

Which medications in the drug class Corticosteroids are used in the treatment of Neurosarcoidosis?