Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Keratitis Questions & Answers

1. Wilhelmus KR. Diagnosis and management of herpes simplex stromal keratitis. Cornea. 1987. 6(4):286-91. [Medline].

2. Zaher SS, Sandinha T, Roberts F, Ramaesh K. Herpes simplex keratitis misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis-related peripheral ulcerative keratitis. Cornea. 2005 Nov. 24(8):1015-7. [Medline].

3. Seitzman GD, Cevallos V, Margolis TP. Rose bengal and lissamine green inhibit detection of herpes simplex virus by PCR. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Apr. 141(4):756-8. [Medline].

4. Tabbara KF. Treatment of herpetic keratitis. Ophthalmology. 2005 Sep. 112(9):1640. [Medline].

5. Kaye S, Choudhary A. Herpes simplex keratitis. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2006 Jul. 25(4):355-80. [Medline].

6. Jain V, Pineda R. Reactivated herpetic keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2009 May. 35(5):946-8. [Medline].

7. Khalili MR, Mehdizadeh M, Mehryar M. Herpetic epithelial keratitis after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (avastin). Cornea. 2009 Apr. 28(3):360-1. [Medline].

8. Patel NN, Teng CC, Sperber LT, Dodick JM. New-onset herpes simplex virus keratitis after cataract surgery. Cornea. 2009 Jan. 28(1):108-10. [Medline].

9. Shtein RM, Stahl RM, Saxe SJ, Mian SI. Herpes simplex keratitis after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide. Cornea. 2007 Jun. 26(5):641-2. [Medline].

10. Liesegang TJ, Melton LJ 3rd, Daly PJ, Ilstrup DM. Epidemiology of ocular herpes simplex. Incidence in Rochester, Minn, 1950 through 1982. Arch Ophthalmol. 1989 Aug. 107(8):1155-9. [Medline].

11. Adhin MR, Grunberg MG, Labadie-Bracho M, Pawiroredjo J. Incidence of Alpha-Herpes virus induced ocular disease in Suriname. J Med Virol. 2012 Dec. 84(12):1937-42. [Medline].

12. Hsiao CH, Yeung L, Yeh LK, Kao LY, Tan HY, Wang NK, et al. Pediatric herpes simplex virus keratitis. Cornea. 2009 Apr. 28(3):249-53. [Medline].

13. Serna-Ojeda JC, Ramirez-Miranda A, Navas A, Jimenez-Corona A, Graue-Hernandez EO. Herpes Simplex Virus Disease of the Anterior Segment in Children. Cornea. 2015 Oct. 34 Suppl 10:S68-71. [Medline].

14. Saini JS, Agarwala R. Clinical pattern of recurrent herpes simplex keratitis. Indian J Ophthalmol. 1999 Mar. 47(1):11-4. [Medline].

15. Mocan MC, Irkec M, Mikropoulos DG, Bozkurt B, Orhan M, Konstas AG. In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of the inflammatory response in non-epithelial herpes simplex keratitis. Curr Eye Res. 2012 Dec. 37(12):1099-106. [Medline].

16. Holland EJ, Schwartz GS. Classification of herpes simplex virus keratitis. Cornea. 1999 Mar. 18(2):144-54. [Medline].

17. Knickelbein JE, Hendricks RL, Charukamnoetkanok P. Management of herpes simplex virus stromal keratitis: an evidence-based review. Surv Ophthalmol. 2009 Mar-Apr. 54(2):226-34. [Medline].

18. Zhao G, Chen M, Liu T, Sun SY, Zhao J, Xie LX. Association of HSV-1 antigen distribution in the cornea with clinical characteristics of herpetic stromal keratitis. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2012. 22 Suppl 7:S40-5. [Medline].

19. Inoue Y, Shimomura Y, Fukuda M, Miyazaki D, Ohashi Y, Sasaki H, et al. Multicentre clinical study of the herpes simplex virus immunochromatographic assay kit for the diagnosis of herpetic epithelial keratitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 Oct 19. [Medline].

20. Miserocchi E, Modorati G, Galli L, Rama P. Efficacy of valacyclovir vs acyclovir for the prevention of recurrent herpes simplex virus eye disease: a pilot study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Oct. 144(4):547-51. [Medline].

21. Koelle DM, Ghiasi H. Prospects for developing an effective vaccine against ocular herpes simplex virus infection. Curr Eye Res. 2005 Nov. 30(11):929-42. [Medline].

22. Pepose JS, Keadle TL, Morrison LA. Ocular herpes simplex: changing epidemiology, emerging disease patterns, and the potential of vaccine prevention and therapy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Mar. 141(3):547-557. [Medline].

23. Guess S, Stone DU, Chodosh J. Evidence-based treatment of herpes simplex virus keratitis: a systematic review. Ocul Surf. 2007 Jul. 5(3):240-50. [Medline].

24. Wilhelmus KR, Gee L, Hauck WW, Kurinij N, Dawson CR, Jones DB, et al. Herpetic Eye Disease Study. A controlled trial of topical corticosteroids for herpes simplex stromal keratitis. Ophthalmology. 1994 Dec. 101(12):1883-95; discussion 1895-6. [Medline].

25. Kaufman HE, Martola EL, Dohlman CH. Herpes simplex treatment with IDU and corticosteroids. Arch Ophthalmol. 1963. 69:468-72.

26. Rao SN. Treatment of herpes simplex virus stromal keratitis unresponsive to topical prednisolone 1% with topical cyclosporine 0.05%. Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Apr. 141(4):771-2. [Medline].

27. Chaurasia S, Murthy S, Ramappa M, Mohamed A, Garg P. Outcomes of Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty in eyes with failed therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty. Acta Ophthalmol. 2013 Feb 7. [Medline].

28. Spelsberg H, Reichelt JA. [Amniotic membrane transplantation in proven ulcerative herpetic keratitis: successful anti-inflammatory treatment in time]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2008 Jan. 225(1):75-9. [Medline].

29. Cobo LM, Coster DJ, Rice NS, Jones BR. Prognosis and management of corneal transplantation for herpetic keratitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1980 Oct. 98(10):1755-9. [Medline].

30. Maier AK, Ozlügedik S, Rottler J, Heussen FM, Klamann MK, Huber KK, et al. Efficacy of postoperative immunosuppression after keratoplasty in herpetic keratitis. Cornea. 2011 Dec. 30(12):1398-405. [Medline].

31. Garcia DD, Farjo Q, Musch DC, Sugar A. Effect of prophylactic oral acyclovir after penetrating keratoplasty for herpes simplex keratitis. Cornea. 2007 Sep. 26(8):930-4. [Medline].

32. de Rojas Silva MV, Díez-Feijóo E, Javaloy J, Sánchez-Salorio M. Prophylactic perioperative antiviral therapy for LASIK in patients with inactive herpetic keratitis. J Refract Surg. 2006 Apr. 22(4):404-6. [Medline].

33. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group. A controlled trial of oral acyclovir for the prevention of stromal keratitis or iritis in patients with herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis. The Epithelial Keratitis Trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997 Jun. 115(6):703-12. [Medline].

34. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group. A controlled trial of oral acyclovir for iridocyclitis caused by herpes simplex virus. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996 Sep. 114(9):1065-72. [Medline].

35. Herpetic Eye Disease Study Group. Acyclovir for the prevention of recurrent herpes simplex virus eye disease. N Engl J Med. 1998 Jul 30. 339(5):300-6. [Medline].

36. Levy J, Lapid-Gortzak R, Klemperer I, Lifshitz T. Herpes simplex virus keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis. J Refract Surg. 2005 Jul-Aug. 21(4):400-2. [Medline].

37. Lu CK, Chen KH, Lee SM, Hsu WM, Lai JY, Li YS. Herpes simplex keratitis following excimer laser application. J Refract Surg. 2006 May. 22(5):509-11. [Medline].

38. de Rojas Silva V, Rodríguez-Conde R, Cobo-Soriano R, Beltrán J, Llovet F, Baviera J. Laser in situ keratomileusis in patients with a history of ocular herpes. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2007 Nov. 33(11):1855-9. [Medline].

39. van Lint AL, Torres-Lopez E, Knipe DM. Immunization with a replication-defective herpes simplex virus 2 mutant reduces herpes simplex virus 1 infection and prevents ocular disease. Virology. 2007 Nov 25. 368(2):227-31. [Medline]. [Full Text].

40. Kaiserman I, Kaiserman N, Nakar S, Vinker S. Herpetic eye disease in diabetic patients. Ophthalmology. 2005 Dec. 112(12):2184-8. [Medline].

41. Sozen E, Avunduk AM, Akyol N. Comparison of efficacy of oral valacyclovir and topical acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex keratitis: a randomized clinical trial. Chemotherapy. 2006. 52(1):29-31. [Medline].

Jim C Wang (王崇安), MD Vitreo-Retinal and Cornea/Anterior Segment Subspecialist, Department of Ophthalmology, Kaiser Permanente Fontana Medical Center

Jim C Wang (王崇安), MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Retina Specialists, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

David C Ritterband, MD, FACS Assistant Director of Cornea Service, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

David C Ritterband, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, International Society of Refractive Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Andrew A Dahl, MD, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery (Ophthalmology), New York College of Medicine (NYCOM); Director of Residency Ophthalmology Training, The Institute for Family Health and Mid-Hudson Family Practice Residency Program; Staff Ophthalmologist, Telluride Medical Center

Andrew A Dahl, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, American Intraocular Lens Society, American Medical Association, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Medical Society of the State of New York, New York State Ophthalmological Society, Outpatient Ophthalmic Surgery Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Kerry Assil, MD Medical Director and CEO, The Sinskey Eye Institute

Kerry Assil, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, and Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Kilbourn Gordon III, MD, FACEP Urgent Care Physician

Kilbourn Gordon III, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert H Graham, MD Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona

Robert H Graham, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, and Arizona Ophthalmological Society

Disclosure: Medscape/WebMD Salary Employment

Anisha Judge, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Ophthalmology, Kaiser Permanente at West Los Angeles Medical Center

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Simon K Law, MD, PharmD Clinical Professor of Health Sciences, Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine

Simon K Law, MD, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Glaucoma Society, and Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Christopher J Rapuano, MD Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University; Director of the Cornea Service, Co-Director of Refractive Surgery Department, Wills Eye Institute

Christopher J Rapuano, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Cornea Society, Eye Bank Association of America, and International Society of Refractive Surgery

Disclosure: Allergan Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Allergan Consulting fee Consulting; Alcon Honoraria Speaking and teaching; RPS Ownership interest Other; Bausch & Lomb Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Merck Consulting fee Consulting; Bausch & Lomb Consulting; Merck Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Jack L Wilson, PhD Distinguished Professor, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine

Jack L Wilson, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Anatomists, American Association of Clinical Anatomists, and American Heart Association

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