Third Nerve Palsy (Oculomotor Nerve Palsy) Questions & Answers

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5. Acierno MD, Trobe JD, Cornblath WT, et al. Painful oculomotor palsy caused by posterior-draining dural carotid cavernous fistulas. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995 Aug. 113(8):1045-9. [Medline].

6. Ko JH, Kim YJ. Oculomotor nerve palsy caused by posterior communicating artery aneurysm: evaluation of symptoms after endovascular treatment. Interv Neuroradiol. 2011 Dec. 17(4):415-9. [Medline].

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11. Keane JR. Aneurysms and third nerve palsies. Ann Neurol. 1983 Dec. 14 (6):696-7. [Medline].

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13. BOTTERELL EH, LLOYD LA, HOFFMAN HJ. Oculomotor palsy due to supraclinoid internal carotid artery berry aneurysm. A long-term study of the results of surgical treatments on the recovery of third-nerve function. Am J Ophthalmol. 1962 Oct. 54:609-16. [Medline].

14. Dhume KU, Paul KE. Incidence of pupillary involvement, course of anisocoria and ophthalmoplegia in diabetic oculomotor nerve palsy. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2013 Jan-Feb. 61 (1):13-7. [Medline].

15. Jacobson DM. Pupil involvement in patients with diabetes-associated oculomotor nerve palsy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998 Jun. 116 (6):723-7. [Medline].

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20. GREEN WR, HACKETT ER, SCHLEZINGER NS. NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGIC EVALUATION OF OCULOMOTOR NERVE PARALYSIS. Arch Ophthalmol. 1964 Aug. 72:154-67. [Medline].

21. Richards BW, Jones FR Jr, Younge BR. Causes and prognosis in 4,278 cases of paralysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens cranial nerves. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 May 15. 113 (5):489-96. [Medline].

22. Yang CP, Chen YT, Fuh JL, Wang SJ. Migraine and Risk of Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Palsies: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Ophthalmology. 2016 Jan. 123 (1):191-7. [Medline].

23. Bahmani Kashkouli M, Khalatbari MR, Yahyavi ST, et al. Pituitary apoplexy presenting as acute painful isolated unilateral third cranial nerve palsy. Arch Iran Med. 2008 Jul. 11(4):466-8. [Medline].

24. Vaphiades MS, Roberson GH. Imaging of Oculomotor (Third) Cranial Nerve Palsy. Neurol Clin. 2017 Feb. 35 (1):101-113. [Medline].

25. Quisling SV, Shah VA, Lee HK, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of third cranial nerve palsy and trigeminal sensory loss caused by herpes zoster. J Neuroophthalmol. 2006 Mar. 26(1):47-8. [Medline].

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29. Tamhankar MA, Biousse V, Ying GS, Prasad S, Subramanian PS, Lee MS, et al. Isolated third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerve palsies from presumed microvascular versus other causes: a prospective study. Ophthalmology. 2013 Nov. 120 (11):2264-9. [Medline].

30. Asbury AK, Aldredge H, Hershberg R, et al. Oculomotor palsy in diabetes mellitus: a clinico-pathological study. Brain. 1970. 93(3):555-66. [Medline].

31. Trobe JD. Isolated pupil-sparing third nerve palsy. Ophthalmology. 1985 Jan. 92(1):58-61. [Medline].

32. Jacobson DM, McCanna TD, Layde PM. Risk factors for ischemic ocular motor nerve palsies. Arch Ophthalmol. 1994 Jul. 112(7):961-6. [Medline].

33. Trobe JD. Third nerve palsy and the pupil. Footnotes to the rule. Arch Ophthalmol. 1988 May. 106(5):601-2. [Medline].

34. Jacobson DM. Pupil involvement in patients with diabetes-associated oculomotor nerve palsy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998 Jun. 116(6):723-7. [Medline].

35. Yerramneni VK, Chandra PS, Kasliwal MK, Sinha S, Suri A, Gupta A, et al. Recovery of oculomotor nerve palsy following surgical clipping of posterior communicating artery aneurysms. Neurol India. 2010 Jan-Feb. 58(1):103-5. [Medline].

36. Daniell MD, Gregson RM, Lee JP. Management of fixed divergent squint in third nerve palsy using traction sutures. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1996 Aug. 24(3):261-5. [Medline].

37. Zheng F, Dong Y, Xia P, Mpotsaris A, Stavrinou P, Brinker G, et al. Is clipping better than coiling in the treatment of patients with oculomotor nerve palsies induced by posterior communicating artery aneurysms? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2017 Feb. 153:20-26. [Medline].

38. Chen PR, Amin-Hanjani S, Albuquerque FC, et al. Outcome of oculomotor nerve palsy from posterior communicating artery aneurysms: comparison of clipping and coiling. Neurosurgery. 2006 Jun. 58(6):1040-6; discussion 1040-6. [Medline].

39. Leivo S, Hernesniemi J, Luukkonen M, et al. Early surgery improves the cure of aneurysm-induced oculomotor palsy. Surg Neurol. 1996 May. 45(5):430-4. [Medline].

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41. Jacobson DM, Broste SK. Early progression of ophthalmoplegia in patients with ischemic oculomotor nerve palsies. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995 Dec. 113(12):1535-7. [Medline].

42. Keane JR. Aneurysms and third nerve palsies. Ann Neurol. 1983 Dec. 14(6):696-7. [Medline].

43. Keane JR, Ahmadi J. Third-nerve palsies and angiography. Arch Neurol. 1991 May. 48(5):470. [Medline].

44. Miller NR. The ocular motor nerves. Curr Opin Neurol. 1996 Feb. 9(1):21-5. [Medline].

45. Park YH, Huh YE, Kim JS. Oculomotor nerve palsy as an initial manifestation of polycythemia vera. J Clin Neurosci. 2012 Feb. 19(2):328-30. [Medline].

46. Trobe JD. Isolated third nerve palsies. Semin Neurol. 1986 Jun. 6(2):135-41. [Medline].

47. Turner SJ, Dexter MA, Smith JE, Ouvrier R. Primary nerve repair following resection of a neurenteric cyst of the oculomotor nerve. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2012 Jan. 9(1):45-8. [Medline].

48. Bansal S, Yin K, Vishwanath M, Doran H, Laitt R, Ansons A. Isolated Pupil-Involving Third Nerve Palsy as the First Presentation of Sarcoidosis. Neuroophthalmology. 2014. 38 (5):278-280. [Medline].

James Goodwin, MD Associate Professor, Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, University of Illinois College of Medicine; Director, Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary

James Goodwin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, Illinois State Medical Society, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, Royal Society of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Andrew G Lee, MD Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital; Clinical Professor, Associate Program Director, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine; Clinical Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Clinical Associate Professor, University of Buffalo, State University of New York School of Medicine

Andrew G Lee, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Geriatrics Society, Houston Neurological Society, Houston Ophthalmological Society, International Council of Ophthalmology, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, Texas Ophthalmological Association

Disclosure: Received ownership interest from Credential Protection for other.

Edsel Ing, MD, MPH, FRCSC Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Active Staff, Michael Garron Hospital (Toronto East Health Network); Consulting Staff, Hospital for Sick Children and Sunnybrook Hospital, Canada

Edsel Ing, MD, MPH, FRCSC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Canadian Medical Association, Canadian Ophthalmological Society, Canadian Society of Oculoplastic Surgery, Chinese Canadian Medical Society, European Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, Ontario Medical Association, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Statistical Society of Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Bayan Ali Mahmoud Al Othman, MD Fellow in Neuro-Ophthalmology, Houston Methodist Hospital

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Brian R Younge, MD Professor of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine

Brian R Younge, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Ophthalmological Society, and North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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