Workup
Laboratory Studies
Laboratory tests are not required, except for those routinely performed prior to surgery.
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Imaging Studies
Imaging studies are not required routinely, although they may be beneficial in patients with certain conditions (eg, craniosynostosis) or in patients in whom abnormalities of the pulley systems are suspected.
There is a definite role for imaging of the orbit, which may be considered in select cases in which the pattern cannot be attributed to any of the ocular motility findings, and also in unusual cases.
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Media Gallery
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V-pattern exotropia.
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V-pattern esotropia.
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Esotropia and exotropia, V-pattern. In Image 3a, lateral rectus muscle insertion moved toward the open end of V. In Image 3b, medial rectus muscle insertion moved toward the closed end of V.
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Esotropia and exotropia, V-pattern. In Image 4a, half tendon width vertical shift of muscle insertion. In Image 4b, full tendon width vertical shift of muscle insertion.
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Esotropia and exotropia, V-pattern. In Image 5a, slanting of rectus muscle insertion. In Image 5b, recession and slanting of rectus muscle insertion.
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Esotropia and exotropia, V-pattern. Recess-resect procedure in same eye.
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Patient with V-pattern exotropia and inferior oblique muscle overaction.
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Patient with V-pattern esotropia and inferior oblique muscle overaction.
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