Overview
What is juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the pathophysiology of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the prevalence of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) in the US?
What is the mortality and morbidity associated with juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What are the racial predilections of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What are the sexual predilections of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Which age groups have the highest incidence of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the prognosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is included in patient education about juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Presentation
Which clinical history findings are characteristic of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Which physical findings are characteristic of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What causes juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What are the possible complications of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
DDX
How prevalent is juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)?
What are the differential diagnoses for Juvenile Xanthogranuloma?
Workup
What are approach considerations for the management of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
How is juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) diagnosed?
What is the role of imaging studies in the workup of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the role of biomicroscopy in the workup of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the role of paracentesis in the workup of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the role of gonioscopy in the workup of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is the role of FNA biopsy in the workup of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Which histologic findings are characteristic of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Treatment
How is juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) treated?
What is the role of surgery in the treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Which specialist consultations are beneficial to patients with juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Which dietary modifications are used in the treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Which activity modifications are used in the treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What is included in the long-term monitoring of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
When is inpatient care indicated in the treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
What are the possible complications of medications used to treat juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
Medications
Which medications are used in the treatment of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG)?
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Juvenile xanthogranuloma. Photograph of an 18-month-old presenting with a firm, nodular, tan-yellow lesion that has grown since first noticed 6 months ago. An examination under anesthesia did not reveal any ocular abnormalities. Excision of the lesion confirmed that this was a juvenile xanthogranuloma.
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Touton giant cell in juvenile xanthogranuloma. Touton giant cell with a wreath of nuclei surrounding a homogenous eosinophilic cytoplasmic center in juvenile xanthogranuloma. Touton cells are named after Karl Touton, who first described them in 1885. Touton giant cells are seen in xanthoma, juvenile and adult xanthogranulomas, dermatofibroma, and fat necrosis.