Alacrima Medication

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3. Allgrove J, Clayden GS, Grant DB, Macaulay JC. Familial glucocorticoid deficiency with achalasia of the cardia and deficient tear production. Lancet. 1978 Jun 17. 1(8077):1284-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Babu K, Murthy KR, Babu N, Ramesh S. Triple A syndrome with ophthalmic manifestations in two siblings. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul-Aug. 55(4):304-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Davidoff E, Friedman AH. Congenital alacrima. Surv Ophthalmol. 1977 Sep-Oct. 22(2):113-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Gazarian M, Cowell CT, Bonney M, Grigor WG. The "4A" syndrome: adrenocortical insufficiency associated with achalasia, alacrima, autonomic and other neurological abnormalities. Eur J Pediatr. 1995 Jan. 154(1):18-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Hegab SM, al-Mutawa SA. Congenital hereditary autosomal recessive alacrima. Ophthalmic Genet. 1996 Mar. 17(1):35-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Kinjo S, Takemoto M, Miyako K, Kohno H, Tanaka T, Katsumata N. Two cases of Allgrove syndrome with mutations in the AAAS gene. Endocr J. 2004 Oct. 51(5):473-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Mondino BJ, Brown SI. Hereditary congenital alacrima. Arch Ophthalmol. 1976 Sep. 94(9):1478-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Moore PS, Couch RM, Perry YS, Shuckett EP, Winter JS. Allgrove syndrome: an autosomal recessive syndrome of ACTH insensitivity, achalasia and alacrima. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1991 Feb. 34(2):107-14. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Mullaney PB, Weatherhead R, Millar L, Ayyash II, Ayberk H, Cai F, et al. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca associated with achalasia of the cardia, adrenocortical insufficiency, and lacrimal gland degeneration: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca secondary to lacrimal gland degeneration may parallel degenerative changes in esophageal and adrenocortical function. Ophthalmology. 1998 Apr. 105(4):643-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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13. Riley CM. Familial autonomic dysfunction. J Am Med Assoc. 1952 Aug 23. 149(17):1532-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Sjogren H. The lacrimal secretion in newborn premature and fully developed children. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1955. 33(5):557-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Smith RS, Maddox SF, Collins BE. Congenital alacrima. Arch Ophthalmol. 1968 Jan. 79(1):45-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Uleckas JK, Garel L, Milot J, Mathieu-Millaire F. Orbital CT scan in congenital alacrima. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1994 Mar-Apr. 31(2):114-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Weber A, Wienker TF, Jung M, Easton D, Dean HJ, Heinrichs C, et al. Linkage of the gene for the triple A syndrome to chromosome 12q13 near the type II keratin gene cluster. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Dec. 5(12):2061-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Yoshita T, Kobayashi A, Sugiyama K. Bilateral corneal perforation in an infant with congenital alacrima. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2006 Jul-Aug. 43(4):236-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Dan D DeAngelis, MD, FRCSC Assistant Professor of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada

Dan D DeAngelis, MD, FRCSC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, California Medical Association, Canadian Medical Association, Canadian Ophthalmological Society, Ontario Medical Association, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Edsel B Ing, MD, PhD, MBA, MEd, MPH, MA, FRCSC Professor, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Sunnybrook Hospital, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Incoming Chair of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Canada

Edsel B Ing, MD, PhD, MBA, MEd, MPH, MA, FRCSC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Canadian Medical Association, Canadian Ophthalmological Society, Canadian Society of Oculoplastic Surgery, Chinese Canadian Medical Society, European Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, Ontario Medical Association, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Statistical Society of Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jeff Hurwitz, MD, FRCS(C) Director of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Ophthalmologist-in-Chief, Mount Sinai Hospital; Chairman, Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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