Marcus Gunn Jaw-winking Syndrome Differential Diagnoses

1. Senthilkumar VA, Tripathy K. Marcus Gunn Jaw Winking Syndrome. StatPearls. 2022 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

2. Gunn RM. Congenital ptosis with peculiar associated movements of the affected lid. Trans Ophthal Soc UK. 1883. 3:283-7.

3. Sobel RK, Allen RC. Incidence of bilateral Marcus Gunn jaw-wink. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014 May-Jun. 30 (3):e54-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Kannaditharayil D, Geyer H, Hasson H, Herskovitz S. Bilateral Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome. Neurology. 2015 Mar 10. 84 (10):1061. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Pratt SG, Beyer CK, Johnson CC. The Marcus Gunn phenomenon. A review of 71 cases. Ophthalmology. 1984 Jan. 91(1):27-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Bradley WG, Toone KB. Synkinetic movements of the eyelid: a case with some unusual mechanisms of paradoxical lid retraction. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1967 Dec. 30(6):578-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Kirkham TH. Paradoxical elevation of eyelid on smiling. Am J Ophthalmol. 1971 Jul 30. 72(1):207-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Parry R. An unusual case of the Marcus Gunn syndrome. Trans Opthal Soc U K. 1957. 77:181-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Kirkham TH. Familial Marcus Gunn phenomenon. Br J Ophthalmol. 1969 Apr. 53(4):282-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Beard C. Ptosis. 3rd ed. St. Louis: CV Mosby; 1981. 46-9.

11. Duke Elder S. Normal and abnormal development; congenital deformities. System of Ophthalmology. St. Louis: CV Mosby; 1963. Vol 3, pt 2: 900-5.

12. Pandey M, Baduni N, Jain A, Sanwal MK, Vajifdar H. Abnormal oculocardiac reflex in two patients with Marcus Gunn syndrome. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Jul. 27(3):398-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

13. Conte A, Brancati F, Garaci F, Toschi N, Bologna M, Fabbrini G, et al. Kinematic and diffusion tensor imaging definition of familial Marcus Gunn jaw-winking synkinesis. PLoS One. 2012. 7(12):e51749. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

14. Hepler RS, Hoyt WF, Loeffler JD. Paradoxical synkinetic levator inhibition and excitation. An electromyographic study of unilateral oculopalpebral and bilateral mandibulopalpebral (Marcus Gunn) synkineses in a 74-year-old man. Arch Neurol. 1968 Apr. 18(4):416-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Wartenberg R. Winking-jaw phenomenon. Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 1948 Jun. 59(6):734-53. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Lyness RW, Collin JR, Alexander RA, et al. Histological appearances of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle in the Marcus Gunn phenomenon. Br J Ophthalmol. 1988 Feb. 72(2):104-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Kaçar Bayram A, Per H, Quon J, Canpolat M, Ülgen E, Doğan H, et al. A rare case of congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscle type 1A due to KIF21A mutation with Marcus Gunn jaw-winking phenomenon. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015 Nov. 19 (6):743-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Khwarg SI, Tarbet KJ, Dortzbach RK, et al. Management of moderate-to-severe Marcus-Gunn jaw-winking ptosis. Ophthalmology. 1999 Jun. 106(6):1191-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Doucet TW, Crawford JS. The quantification, natural course, and surgical results in 57 eyes with Marcus Gunn (jaw-winking) syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. 1981 Nov. 92(5):702-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Bowyer JD, Sullivan TJ. Management of Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004 Mar. 20(2):92-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Wong JF, Theriault JF, Bouzouaya C, et al. Marcus Gunn jaw-winking phenomenon: a new supplemental test in the preoperative evaluation. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2001 Nov. 17(6):412-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Bajaj MS, Angmo D, Pushker N, Hada M. Modified technique of levator plication for the correction of Marcus Gunn jaw-winking ptosis: a case series. Int Ophthalmol. 2015 Aug. 35 (4):587-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Putterman AM. Jaw-winking blepharoptosis treated by the Fasanella-Servat procedure. Am J Ophthalmol. 1973 Jun. 75(6):1016-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Bullock JD. Marcus-Gunn jaw-winking ptosis: classification and surgical management. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. Nov-Dec 1980. 17(6):375-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Epstein GA, Putterman AM. Super-maximum levator resection for severe unilateral congenital blepharoptosis. Ophthalmic Surg. 1984 Dec. 15(12):971-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Dillman DB, Anderson RL. Levator myectomy in synkinetic ptosis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984 Mar. 102(3):422-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Dryden RM, Fleming JC, Quickert MH. Levator transposition and frontalis sling procedure in severe unilateral ptosis and the paradoxically innervated levator. Arch Ophthalmol. 1982 Mar. 100(3):462-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Kersten RC, Bernardini FP, Khouri L, et al. Unilateral frontalis sling for the surgical correction of unilateral poor-function ptosis. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Nov. 21(6):412-6; discussion 416-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Islam ZU, Rehman HU, Khan MD. Frontalis muscle flap advancement for jaw-winking ptosis. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002 Sep. 18(5):365-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Lemagne JM. Transposition of the levator muscle and its reinnervation. Eye. 1988. 2 (Pt 2):189-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Neuhaus RW. Eyelid suspension with a transposed levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Am J Ophthalmol. 1985 Aug 15. 100(2):308-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Singh P, Koka K, Alam MS, Mukherjee B. Management of Marcus Gunn jaw wink syndrome with tarsofrontalis sling vis a vis levator excision and frontalis sling: a comparative study. Orbit. 2022 Jan 24. 24:1-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Tian N, Zheng YX, Zhou SY, Liu JL, Huang DP, Zhao HY. Clinical characteristics of moderate and severe Marcus-Gunn jaw-winking synkinesis and its surgical treatment. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2007 Dec. 43(12):1069-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Gupta M, Gupta OP, Vohra V. Bilateral familial vertical Duane Syndrome with synergistic convergence, aberrant trigeminal innervation, and facial hypoplasia. Oman J Ophthalmol. 2014 Sep. 7 (3):135-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Sundareswaran S, Nipun CA, Kumar V. Jaw - winking phenomenon: Report of a case with review of literature. Indian J Dent Res. 2015 May-Jun. 26 (3):320-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Barbara L Roque, MD, DPBO, FPAO Senior Partner, Roque Eye Clinic; Chief of Service, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Section, Department of Ophthalmology, Asian Hospital and Medical Center; Active Consultant Staff, International Eye Institute, St Luke's Medical Center Global City

Barbara L Roque, MD, DPBO, FPAO is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Philippine Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, International Strabismological Association, Philippine Society of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

J James Rowsey, MD Former Director of Corneal Services, St Luke's Cataract and Laser Institute

J James Rowsey, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Medical Association, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Florida Medical Association, Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society, Southern Medical Association, Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Hampton Roy, Sr, MD † Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Hampton Roy, Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael J Bartiss, OD, MD Medical Director, Ophthalmology, Family Eye Care of the Carolinas and Surgery Center of Pinehurst

Michael J Bartiss, OD, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, North Carolina Medical Society, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sean M Blaydon, MD, FACS Fellowship Program Director, Texas Oculoplastic Consultants

Sean M Blaydon, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Society of Federal Health Professionals (AMSUS), International College of Surgeons US Section, Pan-Pacific Surgical Association, Texas Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article