Other Tests

Determination of the lens formula is as follows:

Van der Heijde's nomogram for iris claw lens power calculation
Feingold's formula (proprietary) for a precrystalline lens implant
Matrix formula for phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) power calculation
Binkhorst 2 formula for posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) power calculation

Treatment & Management

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Media Gallery

Phakic myopia lens of -20.0 diopters, 7 years postoperatively, in a 30-year-old man. There is slight upward decentration. The lens appears well tolerated.
The drawing shows the relation of the phakic iris claw lens to the surrounding structures. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
Slit lamp photograph of optical section of the anterior segment showing a gap between the anterior surface of the crystalline lens and the posterior surface of the implanted myopia iris claw lens. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
Phakic minus iris claw lens, 12 years postoperatively, in a 36-year-old patient shown in 3D. The lens is seen to sit on top of the iris cone. This picture helps to understand why the much larger angle-supported lenses have to be vaulted by 20° to keep clear of the iris.
Phakic myopia iris claw lens, 11 years postoperatively. The claws of the lens are shifted upwards. This configuration makes iris fixation in the claws easier at the time of surgery. It reduces the chances of pressure by the lens haptics and the optic on the natural lens and the iris, in case a bigger knuckle of iris is drawn inside the claw.
Anterior segment fluorescein angiography in a case of iris claw lens (Artisan lens) in a phakic myope. There is no dye leakage. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
5-mm optic Artisan lens. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
6-mm diameter optic, Artisan lens. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
This 64-year-old patient had an iris claw lens implanted in his aphakic eye on the posterior surface of the iris, 10 years ago. The white line represents the pupil in its normal state. Note fine pigment on the surface of the intraocular lens in this area. Bigger pigment granules are seen in the periphery. It seems that the pigment dispersed as a result of friction between the anterior surface of the intraocular lens and the posterior surface of the iris, over a very long time. This happened in spite of the fact that the posterior chamber was very roomy due to aphakia. Courtesy of Kiranjit Singh, MD.
Gonioscopy in the same patient as in Image 9 with iris claw lens fixed to the back of the iris. The angle shows severe pigmentation of the angle of the anterior chamber. Only the very finely pulverized pigment is deposited in the angle. Courtesy of Kiranjit Singh, MD.
Gonioscopy in 3D of the other eye of the same patient as in Image 9 that received anteriorly fixed iris claw lens in the aphakic eye, 11 years ago. There is total absence of pigmentation in the angle of the anterior chamber. Courtesy of Kiranjit Singh, MD.
Postmortem appearances in an eye with an iris claw lens showing the ciliary body and the posterior surface of the iris. There is a total lack of inflammatory or degenerative changes. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
Besides producing optical problems, a decentered phakic intraocular lens, by taking the haptics closer to the limbus, makes the eye vulnerable to intermittent endothelial touch whenever the eye is forcibly rubbed. It can be prevented by a careful fixation during surgery. The decentered lens can be managed by opening the claws and refixation at the right place. Courtesy of Professor Jan J. F. Worst, MD.
Eleven years after phakic minus iris claw lens implantation in a 35-year-old patient, the pupil has been dilated for fundus examination. Iris claw lens does not affect the movements of the iris and the pupil, except at the point where the iris passes through the claw. The crystalline lens is not affected since the implanted lens remains far away from it.
This phakic intraocular lens is fixated to the midperiphery of the iris.

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Author

Arun Verma, MD Senior Consultant, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr Daljit Singh Eye Hospital, India

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Daljit Singh, MBBS, MS, DSc † Professor Emeritus, Department of Ophthalmology, Guru Nanak Dev University; Director, Daljit Singh Eye Hospital, India

Daljit Singh, MBBS, MS, DSc is a member of the following medical societies: All India Ophthalmological Society, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Indian Medical Association, International Intra-Ocular Implant Club, Intraocular Implant and Refractive Society, India

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Louis E Probst, MD, MD Medical Director, TLC Laser Eye Centers

Louis E Probst, MD, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, International Society of Refractive Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Hampton Roy, Sr, MD Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Hampton Roy, Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

Daniel S Durrie, MD Director, Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Refractive Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center

Daniel S Durrie, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Received grant/research funds from Alcon Labs for independent contractor; Received grant/research funds from Abbott Medical Optics for independent contractor; Received ownership interest from Acufocus for consulting; Received ownership interest from WaveTec for consulting; Received grant/research funds from Topcon for independent contractor; Received grant/research funds from Avedro for independent contractor; Received grant/research funds from ReVitalVision for independent contractor.

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