Guidelines
Guidelines Summary
Guidelines on chronic hypoparathyroidism by the European Society of Endocrinology, released in 2015, are below: [21]
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Consider a diagnosis of chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) in a patient with hypocalcemia and inappropriately low parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.
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Consider genetic testing and/or family screening in a patient with HypoPT of unknown etiology.
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Treatment targeted to maintain serum calcium level (albumin adjusted total calcium or ionized calcium) in the lower part or slightly below the lower limit of the reference range (target range) is suggested, with patients being free of symptoms or signs of hypocalcemia.
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Treat patients with chronic HypoPT with symptoms of hypocalcemia and/or an albumin adjusted serum calcium level < 2.0 mmol/L (< 8.0 mg/dL/ionized serum calcium levels [S-Ca 2] < 1.00 mmol/L).
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Offer treatment to asymptomatic patients with chronic HypoPT and an albumin adjusted calcium level between 2.0 mmol/L (8.0 mg/dL/S-Ca 2+ 1.00 mmol/L) and the lower limit of the reference range in order to assess whether this may improve their well-being.
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Use activated vitamin D analogues plus calcium supplements in divided doses as the primary therapy.
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If activated vitamin D analogues are not available, treat with calciferol (preferentially cholecalciferol).
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Titrate activated vitamin D analogues or cholecalciferol in such a manner that patients are without symptoms of hypocalcemia and serum calcium levels are maintained within the target range.
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Provide vitamin D supplementations in a daily dose of 400–800 IU to patients treated with activated vitamin D analogues.
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In a patient with hypercalciuria, consider a reduction in calcium intake, a sodium-restricted diet, and/or treatment with a thiazide diuretic.
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In a patient with renal stones, evaluate renal stone risk factors and management according to relevant international guidelines.
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In a patient with hyperphosphatemia and/or an elevated calcium-phosphate product, consider dietary interventions and/or adjustment of treatment with calcium and vitamin D analogues.
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In a patient with hypomagnesemia, consider measures that may increase serum magnesium levels.
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The routine use of replacement therapy with PTH or PTH analogues is not recommended.
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