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F Ryan Prall, MD Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine

F Ryan Prall, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Retina Specialists, Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Thomas A Ciulla, MD, MBA Clinical Professor (Volunteer) of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine; Ophthalmologist, Vitreoretinal Medicine and Surgery, Midwest Eye Institute

Thomas A Ciulla, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy, American Society of Retina Specialists, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Indiana Academy of Ophthalmology, International Society for Genetic Eye Diseases and Retinoblastoma, Macula Society, Retina Society

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Ophthotech Corp.; Spark Therapeutics; Clearside Biomedical<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: Ophthotech Corp.; Spark Therapeutics; Clearside Biomedical.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Steve Charles, MD Founder and CEO of Charles Retina Institute; Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine

Disclosure: Received royalty and consulting fees for: Alcon Laboratories.

Andrew A Dahl, MD, FACS Assistant Professor of Surgery (Ophthalmology), New York College of Medicine (NYCOM); Director of Residency Ophthalmology Training, The Institute for Family Health and Mid-Hudson Family Practice Residency Program; Staff Ophthalmologist, Telluride Medical Center

Andrew A Dahl, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, American Intraocular Lens Society, American Medical Association, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Medical Society of the State of New York, New York State Ophthalmological Society, Outpatient Ophthalmic Surgery Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Brian A Phillpotts, MD Ophthalmologist, St Luke's Cataract and Laser Institute

Brian A Phillpotts, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Diabetes Association, American Society of Retina Specialists, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mark H Criswell, PhD Adjunct Assistant Research Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine

Mark H Criswell, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Alon Harris, PhD Lois Letzter Professor, Director of Glaucoma Research and Diagnostic Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine

Alon Harris, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Sports Medicine, American Physiological Society, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, New York Academy of Sciences

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, Grant M Comer, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

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