Poliomyelitis

1. Paralytic disorders. Azar FM, Beaty JH, Canale ST, eds. Campbell’s Operative Orthopaedics. 13th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017. Vol 2: 1304-91.

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication--India, January 2004-May 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005 Jul 8. 54 (26):655-9. [Medline].

3. Lin KH, Lim YW. Post-poliomyelitis syndrome: case report and review of the literature. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2005 Aug. 34 (7):447-9. [Medline].

4. Thompson KM, Duintjer Tebbens RJ. The case for cooperation in managing and maintaining the end of poliomyelitis: stockpile needs and coordinated OPV cessation. Medscape J Med. 2008. 10 (8):190. [Medline].

5. Jenkins HE, Aylward RB, Gasasira A, Donnelly CA, Abanida EA, Koleosho-Adelekan T, et al. Effectiveness of immunization against paralytic poliomyelitis in Nigeria. N Engl J Med. 2008 Oct 16. 359 (16):1666-74. [Medline].

6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Progress toward poliomyelitis eradication--Pakistan and Afghanistan, 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2008 Mar 28. 57 (12):315-9. [Medline].

7. Rey M, Girard MP. The global eradication of poliomyelitis: progress and problems. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008 Mar. 31 (2-3):317-25. [Medline].

8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Progress toward interruption of wild poliovirus transmission - worldwide, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 May 14. 59 (18):545-50. [Medline].

9. Khan F, Datta SD, Quddus A, Vertefeuille JF, Burns CC, Jorba J, et al. Progress Toward Polio Eradication - Worldwide, January 2016-March 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 May 11. 67 (18):524-528. [Medline]. [Full Text].

10. Dutta A. Epidemiology of poliomyelitis--options and update. Vaccine. 2008 Oct 23. 26 (45):5767-73. [Medline].

11. Koh ES, Williams AJ, Povlsen B. Upper-limb pain in long-term poliomyelitis. QJM. 2002 Jun. 95 (6):389-95. [Medline].

12. Joseph B, Watts H. Polio revisited: reviving knowledge and skills to meet the challenge of resurgence. J Child Orthop. 2015 Oct. 9 (5):325-38. [Medline]. [Full Text].

13. Jubelt B. Post-Polio Syndrome. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2004 Mar. 6 (2):87-93. [Medline].

14. Frustace SJ. Poliomyelitis: late and unusual sequelae. Am J Phys Med. 1987 Dec. 66 (6):328-37. [Medline].

15. Gonzalez H, Olsson T, Borg K. Management of postpolio syndrome. Lancet Neurol. 2010 Jun. 9 (6):634-42. [Medline].

16. Al-Shekhlee A, Katirji B. Electrodiagnostic features of acute paralytic poliomyelitis associated with West Nile virus infection. Muscle Nerve. 2004 Mar. 29 (3):376-80. [Medline].

17. Sheth NP, Keenan MA. Orthopedic surgery considerations in post-polio syndrome. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2007 Jul. 36 (7):348-53. [Medline].

18. Emara KM, Khames A. Functional outcome after lengthening with and without deformity correction in polio patients. Int Orthop. 2008 Jun. 32 (3):403-7. [Medline].

19. Kocaoğlu M, Eralp L, Atalar AC, Bilen FE. Correction of complex foot deformities using the Ilizarov external fixator. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2002 Jan-Feb. 41 (1):30-9. [Medline].

20. Narayan A, Ganesan S, Shenoy UV, Narayanan E. Provocative poliomyelitis causing postpolio residual paralysis among select communities of two remote villages of North Karnataka in India: a community survey. Indian J Public Health. 2011 Oct-Dec. 55 (4):309-12. [Medline].

21. Watts HG. orthopedic techniques in the management of the residua of paralytic polio. Tech Orthop. 2005. 20 (2):179-89.

22. Brehm MA, Beelen A, Doorenbosch CA, Harlaar J, Nollet F. Effect of carbon-composite knee-ankle-foot orthoses on walking efficiency and gait in former polio patients. J Rehabil Med. 2007 Oct. 39 (8):651-7. [Medline].

23. Hachisuka K, Makino K, Wada F, Saeki S, Yoshimoto N, Arai M. Clinical application of carbon fibre reinforced plastic leg orthosis for polio survivors and its advantages and disadvantages. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2006 Aug. 30 (2):129-35. [Medline].

24. Andrysek J, Redekop S, Matsui NC, Kooy J, Hubbard S. A method to measure the accuracy of loads in knee-ankle-foot orthoses using conventional gait analysis, applied to persons with poliomyelitis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Jul. 89 (7):1372-9. [Medline].

25. Hwang S, Kang S, Cho K, Kim Y. Biomechanical effect of electromechanical knee-ankle-foot-orthosis on knee joint control in patients with poliomyelitis. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2008 Jun. 46 (6):541-9. [Medline].

26. Provelengios S, Papavasiliou KA, Kyrkos MJ, Sayegh FE, Kirkos JM, Kapetanos GA. The role of pantalar arthrodesis in the treatment of paralytic foot deformities. Surgical technique. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Mar. 92 Suppl 1 Pt 1:44-54. [Medline].

27. Chen D, Chen J, Jiang Y, Liu F. Tibial lengthening over humeral and tibial intramedullary nails in patients with sequelae of poliomyelitis: a comparative study. Int Orthop. 2011 Jun. 35 (6):935-40. [Medline].

28. Moran MC. Functional loss after total knee arthroplasty for poliomyelitis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996 Feb. (323):243-6. [Medline].

29. Giori NJ, Lewallen DG. Total knee arthroplasty in limbs affected by poliomyelitis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002 Jul. 84-A (7):1157-61. [Medline].

30. Rahman J, Hanna SA, Kayani B, Miles J, Pollock RC, Skinner JA, et al. Custom rotating hinge total knee arthroplasty in patients with poliomyelitis affected limbs. Int Orthop. 2015 May. 39 (5):833-8. [Medline].

31. DeDeugd CM, Perry KI, Trousdale WH, Taunton MJ, Lewallen DG, Abdel MP. Total hip arthroplasty in patients affected by poliomyelitis. Bone Joint J. 2018 Jun 1. 100-B (6):733-739. [Medline].

32. Sonekatsu M, Sonohata M, Kitajima M, Kawano S, Mawatari M. Total Hip Arthroplasty for Patients with Residual Poliomyelitis at a Mean Eight Years of Follow-up. Acta Med Okayama. 2018 Apr. 72 (2):203-210. [Medline]. [Full Text].

33. Sobrón FB, Martínez-Ayora Á, Cuervas-Mons M, Quevedo T, Laguna R, Vaquero J. Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients of Post Polio Residual Paralysis: A Retrospective Case Series. Indian J Orthop. 2017 Jul-Aug. 51 (4):434-439. [Medline]. [Full Text].

34. Buttaro MA, Slullitel PA, García Mansilla AM, Carlucci S, Comba FM, Zanotti G, et al. Long-term Outcome of Unconstrained Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Ipsilateral Residual Poliomyelitis. Orthopedics. 2017 Mar 1. 40 (2):e255-e261. [Medline].

35. Werthel JD, Schoch B, Sperling JW, Cofield R, Elhassan BT. Shoulder arthroplasty for sequelae of poliomyelitis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2016 May. 25 (5):791-6. [Medline].

36. Wu CC. Tibial lengthening with ankle arthrodesis in poliomyelitic patients with unilateral dysfunction of both knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2016. 50 (3):284-90. [Medline]. [Full Text].

37. Wu CC. Combined tibial lengthening and ankle arthrodesis for patients with certain type of sequelae of poliomyelitis. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2017 Jan. 25 (1):2309499016684415. [Medline].

38. Kirienko A, Peccati A, Abdellatif I, Elbatrawy Y, Mostaf ZM, Necci V. Correction of poliomyelitis foot deformities with Ilizarov method. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr. 2011 Nov. 6 (3):107-20. [Medline]. [Full Text].

39. Gupta M, Jain VK, Upadhyaya GK, Arya RK. Comprehensive review of challenges associated with management of lower limb fractures in poliomyelitis patients. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2016 Oct-Dec. 7 (4):276-281. [Medline]. [Full Text].

40. Wang WJ, Shi HF, Chen DY, Chen YX, Wang JF, Wang SF, et al. Distal femoral fractures in post-poliomyelitis patients treated with locking compression plates. Orthop Surg. 2013 May. 5 (2):118-23. [Medline].

41. Koopman FS, Beelen A, Gerrits KH, Bleijenberg G, Abma TA, de Visser M, et al. Exercise therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy to improve fatigue, daily activity performance and quality of life in postpoliomyelitis syndrome: the protocol of the FACTS-2-PPS trial. BMC Neurol. 2010 Jan 18. 10:8. [Medline]. [Full Text].

42. Koopman FS, Beelen A, Gilhus NE, de Visser M, Nollet F. Treatment for postpolio syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 May 18. 5:CD007818. [Medline].

43. Nielsen NM, Rostgaard K, Juel K, Askgaard D, Aaby P. Long-term mortality after poliomyelitis. Epidemiology. 2003 May. 14 (3):355-60. [Medline].

44. Godzik J, Lenke LG, Holekamp T, Sides B, Kelly MP. Complications and outcomes of complex spine reconstructions in poliomyelitis-associated spinal deformities: a single-institution experience. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2014 Jul 1. 39 (15):1211-6. [Medline].

Ashish S Ranade, MBBS, MS, MRCS Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Columbia Asia Hospital and Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital, India

Ashish S Ranade, MBBS, MS, MRCS is a member of the following medical societies: Paediatric Orthopaedic Society of India

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mohan V Belthur, MD, FRCSC, FRCS(Tr&Orth) Clinical Assistant Professor, Departments of Child Health, Orthopedics, and Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine; Staff Pediatric Orthopedic Surgeon, Center for Pediatric Orthopedics, Phoenix Children’s Hospital

Mohan V Belthur, MD, FRCSC, FRCS(Tr&Orth) is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, AO Trauma, Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society, Paediatric Orthopaedic Society of India, Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Phoenix Children's Hospital.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Paul E Di Cesare, MD 

Paul E Di Cesare, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American College of Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jeffrey D Thomson, MD Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine; Director of Orthopedic Surgery, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center; Vice President of Medical Staff, Connecticut Children's Medical Center

Jeffrey D Thomson, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, Scoliosis Research Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mundkur Sudhakar Shetty, MBBS, MS, MCh Senior Professor and Head of Orthopedic Department, Yenapoya Medical College and Hospitals, Mangalore

Mundkur Sudhakar Shetty, MBBS, MS, MCh is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sharath K Rao, MBBS, MS, D'Ortho Professor and Head of Unit V, Department of Orthopedics, Kasturba Medical College Hospital, India

Sharath K Rao, MBBS, MS, D'Ortho is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Indian Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Srinivasa Vidyadhara, MBBS, DNB, MS(Orth), DNB(Orth), FNB(SpineSurg), MNAMS Consultant, Department of Spine Surgery, Manipal Hospital, India

Srinivasa Vidyadhara, MBBS, DNB, MS(Orth), DNB(Orth), FNB(SpineSurg), MNAMS is a member of the following medical societies: AO Foundation, Scoliosis Research Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

James J Gnanadoss, MBBS, MS(Orth) Professor and Head of Unit, Director, Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Hospital, India

James J Gnanadoss, MBBS, MS(Orth) is a member of the following medical societies: AO Foundation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article