Workup
Laboratory Studies
See the list below:
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Preoperative laboratory tests are normally not required in the typical patient. A template bleeding time may be useful in patients with suggested anticoagulant use (eg, prescriptive, over-the-counter, herbal).
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Imaging Studies
See the list below:
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Imaging is normally not required for this condition.
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Media Gallery
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Mid forehead brow lift. Transverse forehead incisions may be broken as shown to improve the appearance of the final result. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Dissection is performed in the subcutaneous plane. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Transverse incisions are made in the galea to access the corrugator and procerus muscles. These incisions are kept in the middle to prevent injury to the supraorbital nerve branches. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Once exposed, the corrugator and procerus muscles are attenuated. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. The galea is shortened as desired and sutures are placed. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Elevation of the cutaneous structures is obtained and appropriate trimming is performed. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Meticulous subcuticular closure is achieved with no tension on the skin edges. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Several different incisions for mid forehead lifts have been proposed. Here, incisions are placed at different heights to prevent a long horizontal scar. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Preoperative. A 68-year-old man with markedly overactive corrugator and procerus muscles. Note the particularly heavy sebaceous forehead skin and evidence of long standing overactivity of the orbital orbicularis oculi muscles, all conspiring to create a particularly menacing appearance. Such a patient would not do well with an endoscopic forehead lift. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Mid forehead brow lift. Postoperative. Note that even 5 months following the repair, some pinkness of the incision site is present. When a patient has a great degree of actinic keratosis and secondary telangiectatic vessels, such as in this man, such persistent pinkness in the incision site is not uncommon. However, a reasonable elevation of his brows and weakening of his uncommonly powerful corrugator and procerus muscles has been achieved. Courtesy of Bhupendra Patel, MD, FRCS.
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Coronal section of scalp that shows layers of the scalp.
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Diagram of the sensory and motor supply of the face.
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