Overview
What is the role of percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the classic symptom triad of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is significant about systolic blood pressure in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is severe aortic stenosis (AS) characterized?
What are the signs and symptoms of aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which studies are used in the diagnosis and assessment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the definitive treatment for aortic stenosis (AS) in adults?
What is included in emergency treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which medications are used in the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the initial symptoms of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the imaging modality of choice to diagnose aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the pathophysiology of aortic stenosis (AS)?
How does diastolic dysfunction occur in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the pathophysiology of severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What causes angina in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of LDL-C in the pathogenesis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the causes of aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is valvular aortic stenosis (AS) categorized?
What is congenital valvular aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the pathogenesis of congenital valvular aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the progression of congenital valvular aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the causes of acquired aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is degenerative calcific aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the risk factors for degenerative calcific aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is rheumatic aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are infrequent causes of aortic stenosis (AS)?
How are aortic valve leaflets determined in aortic stenosis (AS)?
At what age do symptoms of severe aortic stenosis (AS) usually develop?
What are the prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) among different age groups?
How does the prevalence of degenerative calcific aortic stenosis (AS) vary by age?
What is the prognosis of asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the prognosis of severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the prognosis of symptomatic medically treated, moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the prognosis of degenerative calcific aortic stenosis (AS)?
When can patient education information be found for aortic stenosis (AS)?
Presentation
What are the clinical characteristics of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the history of chest pain in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the history of heart failure in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the history of syncope in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the GI manifestations of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the prevalence of aortic root dilation in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are complications of calcific aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which physical findings suggest severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the significance of systolic blood pressure in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the significance of a finding of pulsus alternans with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the significance of a finding of hyperdynamic left ventricle (LV) with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What heart sounds are characteristic of aortic stenosis (AS)?
In which patient group is an ejection click suggestive of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the significance of a prominent S4 in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are characteristics of the heart murmur in elderly patients with calcific aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the relationship between the systolic murmur and severity of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is characteristic of the murmur of valvular aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are less common physical findings of aortic stenosis (AS)?
DDX
Why is a diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS) often missed in an acute setting?
What is the prevalence of angina pectoris in aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the differential diagnoses for Aortic Stenosis?
Workup
Which diagnostic studies for aortic stenosis (AS) should be performed in emergency department (ED)?
What is the imaging modality of choice to diagnose aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the echocardiographic findings indicative of severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of Doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the criteria for determining the severity of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of color Doppler valve analysis in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the limitation of Doppler echocardiography for the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of cardiac catheterization in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of contrast ventriculography in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of coronary angiography for the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of radionuclide ventriculography used in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of exercise stress testing in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
When is provocative stress testing indicated in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is the measure of aortic valve area (AVA) used in diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are investigational imaging modalities used for the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of chest radiography in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of ECG in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on ECG in aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which ECG findings indicate aortic stenosis (AS)?
What heart rhythms are characteristic of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is caused by extension of calcification into the conduction system in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the benefits of serial electrocardiographs (ECGs) in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis (AS)?
Treatment
What is the treatment options for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the ACC treatment recommendations for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of medical treatment for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of valve replacement in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the focus of prehospital and emergency department management for aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is uncontrolled heart failure managed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is angina pectoris managed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is syncope managed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is atrial fibrillation (Afib) managed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
When is valvuloplasty considered in the treatment of aortic stenosis?
Which patients have the best results following valvuloplasty for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the surgery of choice for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What determines the type of aortic valve prosthesis in aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the Ross procedure for the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the incidence of stroke after treatment for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the medical treatment options for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What is the role of vasodilators used in the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is severe hypertension treated in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
What activity modifications are needed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS)?
How is aortic stenosis (AS) prevented?
What are possible complications of aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which specialist consultations are required for the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
What should be the frequency of follow-visits in patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS)?
What should be the frequency of follow-visits in patients with mild aortic stenosis (AS)?
How should patients with moderate or severe aortic stenosis (AS) be monitored?
Guidelines
Which organizations have published treatment guidelines for aortic stenosis (AS)?
How does the AHA/ACC classify the stages of aortic stenosis?
What are the ESC/EACTS criteria for severe aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the AHA/ACC guidelines for assessing risk in patients with aortic stenosis?
What are the multisociety guidelines for aortic stenosis (AS)?
What are the ESC/EACTS guidelines for valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis?
Medications
What is the role of medications in the treatment of aortic stenosis (AS)?
Which medications in the drug class Opioid Analgesics are used in the treatment of Aortic Stenosis?
Which medications in the drug class Loop Diuretics are used in the treatment of Aortic Stenosis?
Which medications in the drug class Cardiac Glycoside are used in the treatment of Aortic Stenosis?
-
Stenotic aortic valve (macroscopic appearance).
Tables
What would you like to print?
- Overview
- Presentation
- DDx
- Workup
- Treatment
- Guidelines
- 2021 ACC/AHA Valvular Heart Disease Clinical Practice Guidelines
- 2021 ESC/EACTS Management of Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) Clinical Practice Guidelines
- 2017 Multisociety Appropriate Use Criteria
- 2017 AHA/ACC Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Valvular Heart Disease
- 2014 Multisociety Guidelines for the Management of Valvular Heart Disease
- Show All
- Medication
- Questions & Answers
- Tables
- References