Aluminum Toxicity Medication

1. Jiang HX, Chen LS, Zheng JG, Han S, Tang N, Smith BR. Aluminum-induced effects on Photosystem II photochemistry in citrus leaves assessed by the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient. Tree Physiol. 2008 Dec. 28(12):1863-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

2. Verstraeten SV, Aimo L, Oteiza PI. Aluminium and lead: molecular mechanisms of brain toxicity. Arch Toxicol. 2008 Nov. 82(11):789-802. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

3. Priest ND. The biological behaviour and bioavailability of aluminium in man, with special reference to studies employing aluminium-26 as a tracer: review and study update. J Environ Monit. 2004 May. 6(5):375-403. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Proudfoot AT. Aluminium and zinc phosphide poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Feb. 47(2):89-100. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Yokel RA, McNamara PJ. Aluminium toxicokinetics: an updated minireview. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2001 Apr. 88(4):159-67. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Brown RO, Morgan LM, Bhattacharya SK, Johnson PL, Minard G, Dickerson RN. Potential aluminum exposure from parenteral nutrition in patients with acute kidney injury. Ann Pharmacother. 2008 Oct. 42(10):1410-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Trapp GA. Interactions of aluminum with cofactors, enzymes, and other proteins. Kidney Int Suppl. 1986 Feb. 18:S12-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Riihimaki V, Valkonen S, Engstrom B, Tossavainen A, Mutanen P, Aitio A. Behavior of aluminum in aluminum welders and manufacturers of aluminum sulfate--impact on biological monitoring. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2008 Dec. 34(6):451-62. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Vasudevaraju P, Govindaraju M, Palanisamy AP, Sambamurti K, Rao KS. Molecular toxicity of aluminium in relation to neurodegeneration. Indian J Med Res. 2008 Oct. 128(4):545-56. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Lemire J, Mailloux R, Puiseux-Dao S, Appanna VD. Aluminum-induced defective mitochondrial metabolism perturbs cytoskeletal dynamics in human astrocytoma cells. J Neurosci Res. 2009 May 1. 87(6):1474-83. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Hernandez G, Bollini A, Huarte M, et al. In vitro effect of aluminium upon erythrocyte membrane properties. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2008. 40(3):191-205. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Aspenstrom-Fagerlund B, Sundstrom B, Tallkvist J, Ilback NG, Glynn AW. Fatty acids increase paracellular absorption of aluminium across Caco-2 cell monolayers. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Oct 7. 181(2):272-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Ward MK, Feest TG, Ellis HA, Parkinson IS, Kerr DN. Osteomalacic dialysis osteodystrophy: Evidence for a water-borne aetiological agent, probably aluminium. Lancet. 1978 Apr 22. 1(8069):841-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Andrasi E, Pali N, Molnar Z, Kosel S. Brain aluminum, magnesium and phosphorus contents of control and Alzheimer-diseased patients. J Alzheimers Dis. 2005 Aug. 7(4):273-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Alfrey AC, LeGendre GR, Kaehny WD. The dialysis encephalopathy syndrome. Possible aluminum intoxication. N Engl J Med. 1976 Jan 22. 294(4):184-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Drago D, Cavaliere A, Mascetra N, et al. Aluminum modulates effects of beta amyloid(1-42) on neuronal calcium homeostasis and mitochondria functioning and is altered in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Rejuvenation Res. 2008 Oct. 11(5):861-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Lidsky TI. Is the Aluminum Hypothesis dead?. J Occup Environ Med. 2014 May. 56(5 Suppl):S73-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

18. Blaylock RL, Strunecka A. Immune-glutamatergic dysfunction as a central mechanism of the autism spectrum disorders. Curr Med Chem. 2009. 16(2):157-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Bihaqi SW, Sharma M, Singh AP, Tiwari M. Neuroprotective role of Convolvulus pluricaulis on aluminium induced neurotoxicity in rat brain. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Jul 30. 124(3):409-15. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Mailloux RJ, Puiseux-Dao S, Appanna VD. Alpha-ketoglutarate abrogates the nuclear localization of HIF-1alpha in aluminum-exposed hepatocytes. Biochimie. 2009 Mar. 91(3):408-15. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Bolt HM, Hengstler JG. Aluminium and lead toxicity revisited: mechanisms explaining the particular sensitivity of the brain to oxidative damage. Arch Toxicol. 2008 Nov. 82(11):787-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Drüeke TB, Lacour B, Touam M, et al. Effect of aluminum on hematopoiesis. Kidney Int Suppl. 1986 Feb. 18:S45-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Exley C, Swarbrick L, Gherardi RK, Authier FJ. A role for the body burden of aluminium in vaccine-associated macrophagic myofasciitis and chronic fatigue syndrome. Med Hypotheses. 2009 Feb. 72(2):135-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Bogris SL, Johal NS, Hussein I, Duffy PG, Mushtaq I. Is it safe to use aluminum in the treatment of pediatric hemorrhagic cystitis? A case discussion of aluminum intoxication and review of the literature. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2009 Apr. 31(4):285-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Glanz JM, Newcomer SR, Daley MF, McClure DL, Baxter RP, Jackson ML, et al. Cumulative and episodic vaccine aluminum exposure in a population-based cohort of young children. Vaccine. 2015 Nov 27. 33 (48):6736-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Mitkus RJ, King DB, Hess MA, Forshee RA, Walderhaug MO. Updated aluminum pharmacokinetics following infant exposures through diet and vaccination. Vaccine. 2011 Nov 28. 29 (51):9538-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Baylor NW, Egan W, Richman P. Aluminum salts in vaccines--US perspective. Vaccine. 2002 May 31. 20 Suppl 3:S18-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Kashiwagi Y, Maeda M, Kawashima H, Nakayama T. Inflammatory responses following intramuscular and subcutaneous immunization with aluminum-adjuvanted or non-adjuvanted vaccines. Vaccine. 2014 Jun 5. 32 (27):3393-401. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Inbar R, Weiss R, Tomljenovic L, Arango MT, Deri Y, Shaw CA, et al. Behavioral abnormalities in female mice following administration of aluminum adjuvants and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Gardasil. Immunol Res. 2017 Feb. 65 (1):136-149. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Inbar R, Weiss R, Tomljenovic L, Arango MT, Deri Y, Shaw CA, et al. WITHDRAWN: Behavioral abnormalities in young female mice following administration of aluminum adjuvants and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Gardasil. Vaccine. 2016 Jan 9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Hall AR, Arnold CJ, Miller GG, Zello GA. Infant Parenteral Nutrition Remains a Significant Source for Aluminum Toxicity. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2017 Sep. 41 (7):1228-1233. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Beuhler MC, Spyker DA, Rivers LJ, Feldman R, et al. 2021 Annual Report of the National Poison Data System(©) (NPDS) from America's Poison Centers: 39th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Dec. 60 (12):1381-1643. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

33. Shuchang H, Qiao N, Piye N, et al. Protective effects of gastrodia elata on aluminium-chloride-induced learning impairments and alterations of amino acid neurotransmitter release in adult rats. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2008. 26(6):467-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

34. Gilbert-Barness E, Barness LA, Wolff J, Harding C. Aluminum toxicity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1998 May. 152(5):511-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Balasubramanyam A, Sailaja N, Mahboob M, Rahman MF, Hussain SM, Grover P. In vivo genotoxicity assessment of aluminium oxide nanomaterials in rat peripheral blood cells using the comet assay and micronucleus test. Mutagenesis. 2009 May. 24(3):245-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Friga V, Linos A, Linos DA. Is aluminum toxicity responsible for uremic pruritus in chronic hemodialysis patients?. Nephron. 1997. 75(1):48-53. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Wechphanich S., Thammarat P. A survey of metal contamination in blood collection tubes on toxicology assays. The Bangkok Medical Journal. 2017. 13(2):5.

38. Frank EL, Hughes MP, Bankson DD, Roberts WL. Effects of anticoagulants and contemporary blood collection containers on aluminum, copper, and zinc results. Clin Chem. 2001 Jun. 47 (6):1109-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

39. Ogawa M, Kayama F. A study of the association between urinary aluminum concentration and pre-clinical findings among aluminum-handling and non-handling workers. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2015. 10:13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Velasquez J, Wray AA. Deferoxamine. 2023 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

41. Kan WC, Chien CC, Wu CC, Su SB, Hwang JC, Wang HY. Comparison of low-dose deferoxamine versus standard-dose deferoxamine for treatment of aluminium overload among haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010 May. 25(5):1604-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

42. Fulgenzi A, Vietti D, Ferrero ME. Aluminium involvement in neurotoxicity. Biomed Res Int. 2014. 2014:758323. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

43. Fulgenzi A, De Giuseppe R, Bamonti F, Vietti D, Ferrero ME. Efficacy of chelation therapy to remove aluminium intoxication. J Inorg Biochem. 2015 Nov. 152:214-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

44. Ordog G. Aluminum Toxicity in Aluminum Factory workers treated with DMSA Chelation. J Investig Med. 2005. 53:S135. [Full Text].

45. Kruck TP, Cui JG, Percy ME, Lukiw WJ. Molecular shuttle chelation: the use of ascorbate, desferrioxamine and Feralex-G in combination to remove nuclear bound aluminum. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2004 Jun. 24 (3):443-59. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

46. Sharma AK, Toussaint ND, Pickering J, Beeston T, Smith ER, Holt SG. Assessing the utility of testing aluminum levels in dialysis patients. Hemodial Int. 2014 Oct 13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Jose F Bernardo, MD, MPH, FASN Former Associate Professor of Medicine; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

Jose F Bernardo, MD, MPH, FASN is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Nephrology, American Society of Transplantation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael R Edwards, MD, CPE, FACEP, FAAEM Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beebe Medical Center; Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Catholic Medical Center

Michael R Edwards, MD, CPE, FACEP, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for Physician Leadership, American College of Emergency Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Harold L Manning, MD Professor, Departments of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Physiology, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School

Harold L Manning, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, American Thoracic Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sage W Wiener, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Director of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kings County Hospital Center

Sage W Wiener, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Medical Toxicology, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Barbara Barnett, MD Associate Program Director, Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Barbara Barnett, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Medical Association, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Lisa Kirkland, MD, FACP, FCCM, MSHA Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Mayo Clinic; Chair, Department of Critical Care, ANW Intensivists, Abbott Northwestern Hospital

Lisa Kirkland, MD, FACP, FCCM, MSHA is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Hospital Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article