Hepatocellular Adenoma (Hepatic Adenoma) Questions & Answers

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15. Hernandez-Nieto L, Bruguera M, Bombi J, Camacho L, Rozman C. Benign liver-cell adenoma associated with long-term administration of an androgenic-anabolic steroid (methandienone). Cancer. 1977 Oct. 40(4):1761-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

16. Nakao A, Sakagami K, Nakata Y, et al. Multiple hepatic adenomas caused by long-term administration of androgenic steroids for aplastic anemia in association with familial adenomatous polyposis. J Gastroenterol. 2000. 35(7):557-62. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Kent DR, Nissen ED, Nissen SE, Ziehm DJ. Effect of pregnancy on liver tumor associated with oral contraceptives. Obstet Gynecol. 1978 Feb. 51(2):148-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Okamura Y, Maeda A, Matsunaga K, et al. Hepatocellular adenoma in a male with familial adenomatous polyposis coli. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2009. 16(4):571-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Reznik Y, Dao T, Coutant R, et al. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha gene inactivation: cosegregation between liver adenomatosis and diabetes phenotypes in two maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)3 families. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Mar. 89(3):1476-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. [Guideline] Columbo M, Forner A, Ijzermans J, et al, for the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of benign liver tumours. J Hepatol. 2016 Aug. 65(2):386-98. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

21. Radhi JM, Loewy J. Hepatocellular adenomatosis associated with hereditary haemochromatosis. Postgrad Med J. 2000 Feb. 76(892):100-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

22. Labrune P, Trioche P, Duvaltier I, Chevalier P, Odievre M. Hepatocellular adenomas in glycogen storage disease type I and III: a series of 43 patients and review of the literature. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1997 Mar. 24(3):276-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Volmar KE, Burchette JL, Creager AJ. Hepatic adenomatosis in glycogen storage disease type Ia: report of a case with unusual histology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003 Oct. 127(10):e402-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Grazioli L, Federle MP, Ichikawa T, et al. Liver adenomatosis: clinical, histopathologic, and imaging findings in 15 patients. Radiology. 2000 Aug. 216(2):395-402. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Bunchorntavakul C, Bahirwani R, Drazek D, et al. Clinical features and natural history of hepatocellular adenomas: the impact of obesity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Sep. 34(6):664-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

26. Farges O, Ferreira N, Dokmak S, Belghiti J, Bedossa P, Paradis V. Changing trends in malignant transformation of hepatocellular adenoma. Gut. 2011 Jan. 60(1):85-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Dhingra S, Fiel MI. Update on the new classification of hepatic adenomas: clinical, molecular, and pathologic characteristics. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014 Aug. 138(8):1090-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

28. Ribeiro A, Burgart LJ, Nagorney DM, Gores GJ. Management of liver adenomatosis: results with a conservative surgical approach. Liver Transpl Surg. 1998 Sep. 4(5):388-98. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

29. Arsenault TM, Johnson CD, Gorman B, Burgart LJ. Hepatic adenomatosis. Mayo Clin Proc. 1996 May. 71(5):478-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Torbenson M. Hepatic adenomas: classification, controversies, and consensus. Surg Pathol Clin. 2018 Jun. 11(2):351-66. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Nault JC, Bioulac-Sage P, Zucman-Rossi J. Hepatocellular benign tumors-from molecular classification to personalized clinical care. Gastroenterology. 2013 May. 144(5):888-902. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Bioulac-Sage P, Laumonier H, Couchy G, et al. Hepatocellular adenoma management and phenotypic classification: the Bordeaux experience. Hepatology. 2009 Aug. 50(2):481-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Bioulac-Sage P, Rebouissou S, Thomas C, et al. Hepatocellular adenoma subtype classification using molecular markers and immunohistochemistry. Hepatology. 2007 Sep. 46(3):740-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Van der Borght S, Libbrecht L, Katoonizadeh A, et al. Nuclear beta-catenin staining and absence of steatosis are indicators of hepatocellular adenomas with an increased risk of malignancy. Histopathology. 2007 Dec. 51(6):855-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Bioulac-Sage P, Taouji S, Possenti L, Balabaud C. Hepatocellular adenoma subtypes: the impact of overweight and obesity. Liver Int. 2012 Sep. 32(8):1217-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Porter LE, Elm MS, Van Thiel DH, Eagon PK. Hepatic estrogen receptor in human liver disease. Gastroenterology. 1987 Mar. 92(3):735-45. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Masood S, West AB, Barwick KW. Expression of steroid hormone receptors in benign hepatic tumors. An immunocytochemical study. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1992 Dec. 116(12):1355-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Rebouissou S, Bioulac-Sage P, Zucman-Rossi J. Molecular pathogenesis of focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma. J Hepatol. 2008 Jan. 48(1):163-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

39. Bioulac-Sage P, Blanc JF, Rebouissou S, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J. Genotype phenotype classification of hepatocellular adenoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 May 21. 13(19):2649-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Bioulac-Sage P, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J. Subtype classification of hepatocellular adenoma. Dig Surg. 2010. 27(1):39-45. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

41. Nault JC, Couchy G, Balabaud C, et al. Molecular classification of hepatocellular adenoma associates with risk factors, bleeding, and malignant transformation. Gastroenterology. 2017 Mar. 152(4):880-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

42. Paradis V, Benzekri A, Dargere D, et al. Telangiectatic focal nodular hyperplasia: a variant of hepatocellular adenoma. Gastroenterology. 2004 May. 126(5):1323-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

43. Bioulac-Sage P, Rebouissou S, Sa Cunha A, et al. Clinical, morphologic, and molecular features defining so-called telangiectatic focal nodular hyperplasias of the liver. Gastroenterology. 2005 May. 128(5):1211-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

44. Wang DQ, Fiske LM, Carreras CT, Weinstein DA. Natural history of hepatocellular adenoma formation in glycogen storage disease type I. J Pediatr. 2011 Sep. 159(3):442-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

45. Kishnani PS, Chuang TP, Bali D, et al. Chromosomal and genetic alterations in human hepatocellular adenomas associated with type Ia glycogen storage disease. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Dec 15. 18(24):4781-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

46. Balabaud C, Laurent C, Le Bail B, et al. Unexpected discovery of small HNF1α-inactivated hepatocellular adenoma in pathological specimens from patients resected for liver tumours. Liver Int. 2018 Jul. 38(7):1273-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

47. Lin H, van den Esschert J, Liu C, van Gulik TM. Systematic review of hepatocellular adenoma in China and other regions. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Jan. 26(1):28-35. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

48. van Aalten SM, de Man RA, IJzermans JN, Terkivatan T. Systematic review of haemorrhage and rupture of hepatocellular adenomas. Br J Surg. 2012 Jul. 99(7):911-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

49. Bieze M, Phoa SS, Verheij J, van Lienden KP, van Gulik TM. Risk factors for bleeding in hepatocellular adenoma. Br J Surg. 2014 Jun. 101(7):847-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

50. Cho SW, Marsh JW, Steel J, et al. Surgical management of hepatocellular adenoma: take it or leave it?. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008 Oct. 15(10):2795-803. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

51. Deneve JL, Pawlik TM, Cunningham S, et al. Liver cell adenoma: a multicenter analysis of risk factors for rupture and malignancy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2009 Mar. 16(3):640-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

52. Dokmak S, Paradis V, Vilgrain V, et al. A single-center surgical experience of 122 patients with single and multiple hepatocellular adenomas. Gastroenterology. 2009 Nov. 137(5):1698-705. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

53. Toso C, Majno P, Andres A, et al. Management of hepatocellular adenoma: solitary-uncomplicated, multiple and ruptured tumors. World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Sep 28. 11(36):5691-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

54. Ribeiro Junior MA, Chaib E, Saad WA, D'Albuquerque LA, Cecconello I. Surgical management of spontaneous ruptured hepatocellular adenoma. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2009. 64(8):775-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

55. Klompenhouwer AJ, de Man RA, Thomeer MG, Ijzermans JN. Management and outcome of hepatocellular adenoma with massive bleeding at presentation. World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jul 7. 23(25):4579-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

56. Stoot JH, Coelen RJ, De Jong MC, Dejong CH. Malignant transformation of hepatocellular adenomas into hepatocellular carcinomas: a systematic review including more than 1600 adenoma cases. HPB (Oxford). 2010 Oct. 12(8):509-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

57. Farges O, Dokmak S. Malignant transformation of liver adenoma: an analysis of the literature. Dig Surg. 2010. 27(1):32-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

58. Nault JC, Mallet M, Pilati C, et al. High frequency of telomerase reverse-transcriptase promoter somatic mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma and preneoplastic lesions. Nat Commun. 2013 Jul 26. 4:2218. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

59. Gordon SC, Reddy KR, Livingstone AS, Jeffers LJ, Schiff ER. Resolution of a contraceptive-steroid-induced hepatic adenoma with subsequent evolution into hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Intern Med. 1986 Oct. 105(4):547-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

60. Cobey FC, Salem RR. A review of liver masses in pregnancy and a proposed algorithm for their diagnosis and management. Am J Surg. 2004 Feb. 187(2):181-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

61. Gaspersz MP, Klompenhouwer AJ, Broker MEE, et al. Growth of hepatocellular adenoma during pregnancy: a prospective study. J Hepatol. 2020 Jan. 72(1):119-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

62. Park WY, Seo HI, Choi KU, et al. Three cases of adrenocortical tumors mistaken for hepatocellular carcinomas/diagnostic pitfalls and differential diagnosis. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2017 Dec. 31:9-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

63. Jiang K, Al-Diffhala S, Centeno BA. Primary liver cancers-part 1: histopathology, differential diagnoses, and risk stratification. Cancer Control. 2018 Jan-Mar. 25(1):1073274817744625. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

64. Sa Cunha A, Blanc JF, Lazaro E, et al. Inflammatory syndrome with liver adenomatosis: the beneficial effects of surgical management. Gut. 2007 Feb. 56(2):307-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

65. Shaked O, Siegelman ES, Olthoff K, Reddy KR. Biologic and clinical features of benign solid and cystic lesions of the liver. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Jul. 9(7):547-62.e1-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

66. Bieze M, van den Esschert JW, Nio CY, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI in differentiating hepatocellular adenoma from focal nodular hyperplasia: prospective study of the additional value of gadoxetate disodium. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012 Jul. 199(1):26-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

67. Ricci P, Cantisani V, D'Onofrio M, et al. Behavior of hepatocellular adenoma on real-time low-mechanical index contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with a second-generation contrast agent. J Ultrasound Med. 2008 Dec. 27(12):1719-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

68. Jang JY, Kim MY, Jeong SW, et al. Current consensus and guidelines of contrast enhanced ultrasound for the characterization of focal liver lesions. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2013 Mar. 19(1):1-16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

69. van den Esschert JW, van Gulik TM, Phoa SS. Imaging modalities for focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma. Dig Surg. 2010. 27(1):46-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

70. Piscaglia F, Lencioni R, Sagrini E, et al. Characterization of focal liver lesions with contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2010 Apr. 36(4):531-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

71. Dietrich CF, Schuessler G, Trojan J, Fellbaum C, Ignee A. Differentiation of focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Br J Radiol. 2005 Aug. 78(932):704-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

72. Taimr P, Broker MEE, Dwarkasing RS, et al. A model-based prediction of the probability of hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia based on characteristics on contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017 Oct. 43(10):2144-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

73. Kim TK, Jang HJ, Burns PN, Murphy-Lavallee J, Wilson SR. Focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatic adenoma: differentiation with low-mechanical-index contrast-enhanced sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008 Jan. 190(1):58-66. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

74. Ichikawa T, Federle MP, Grazioli L, Nalesnik M. Hepatocellular adenoma: multiphasic CT and histopathologic findings in 25 patients. Radiology. 2000 Mar. 214(3):861-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

75. Grazioli L, Federle MP, Brancatelli G, Ichikawa T, Olivetti L, Blachar A. Hepatic adenomas: imaging and pathologic findings. Radiographics. 2001 Jul-Aug. 21(4):877-92; discussion 892-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

76. Laumonier H, Bioulac-Sage P, Laurent C, et al. Hepatocellular adenomas: magnetic resonance imaging features as a function of molecular pathological classification. Hepatology. 2008 Sep. 48(3):808-18. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

77. van Aalten SM, Thomeer MG, Terkivatan T, et al. Hepatocellular adenomas: correlation of MR imaging findings with pathologic subtype classification. Radiology. 2011 Oct. 261(1):172-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

78. Chung KY, Mayo-Smith WW, Saini S, Rahmouni A, Golli M, Mathieu D. Hepatocellular adenoma: MR imaging features with pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Aug. 165(2):303-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

79. Grazioli L, Morana G, Kirchin MA, Schneider G. Accurate differentiation of focal nodular hyperplasia from hepatic adenoma at gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging: prospective study. Radiology. 2005 Jul. 236(1):166-77. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

80. Vanhooymissen IJSML, Thomeer MG, Braun LMM, et al. Intrapatient comparison of the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA in the differentiation of hepatocellular adenoma from focal nodular hyperplasia. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2019 Mar. 49(3):700-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

81. Suh CH, Kim KW, Park SH, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of the diagnostic strategies for differentiating focal nodular hyperplasia from hepatocellular adenoma. Eur Radiol. 2018 Jan. 28 (1):214-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

82. Ba-Ssalamah A, Antunes C, Feier D, et al. Morphologic and molecular features of hepatocellular adenoma with gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology. 2015 Oct. 277(1):104-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

83. Rubin RA, Lichtenstein GR. Hepatic scintigraphy in the evaluation of solitary solid liver masses. J Nucl Med. 1993 Apr. 34(4):697-705. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

84. Choi WT, Kakar S. Immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2017 Jun. 46(2):311-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

85. Bioulac-Sage P, Cubel G, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J. Revisiting the pathology of resected benign hepatocellular nodules using new immunohistochemical markers. Semin Liver Dis. 2011 Feb. 31(1):91-103. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

86. Hechtman JF, Raoufi M, Fiel MI, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma arising in a pigmented telangiectatic adenoma with nuclear ß-catenin and glutamine synthetase positivity: case report and review of the literature. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011 Jun. 35(6):927-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

87. Joseph NM, Ferrell LD, Jain D, et al. Diagnostic utility and limitations of glutamine synthetase and serum amyloid-associated protein immunohistochemistry in the distinction of focal nodular hyperplasia and inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma. Mod Pathol. 2014 Jan. 27(1):62-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

88. Zucman-Rossi J, Jeannot E, Nhieu JT, et al. Genotype-phenotype correlation in hepatocellular adenoma: new classification and relationship with HCC. Hepatology. 2006 Mar. 43(3):515-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

89. Shafizadeh N, Kakar S. Diagnosis of well-differentiated hepatocellular lesions: role of immunohistochemistry and other ancillary techniques. Adv Anat Pathol. 2011 Nov. 18(6):438-45. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

90. Wang HL, Anatelli F, Zhai QJ, et al. Glypican-3 as a useful diagnostic marker that distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from benign hepatocellular mass lesions. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008 Nov. 132(11):1723-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

91. Lagana SM, Salomao M, Bao F, Moreira RK, Lefkowitch JH, Remotti HE. Utility of an immunohistochemical panel consisting of glypican-3, heat-shock protein-70, and glutamine synthetase in the distinction of low-grade hepatocellular carcinoma from hepatocellular adenoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2013 Mar. 21(2):170-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

92. Tretiakova MS, Hart J, Shabani-Rad MT, Zhang J, Gao ZH. Distinction of hepatocellular adenoma from hepatocellular carcinoma with and without cirrhosis using E-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase immunohistochemistry. Mod Pathol. 2009 Aug. 22(8):1113-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

93. Tatrai P, Somoracz A, Batmunkh E, et al. Agrin and CD34 immunohistochemistry for the discrimination of benign versus malignant hepatocellular lesions. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009 Jun. 33(6):874-85. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

94. Ahmad I, Iyer A, Marginean CE, et al. Diagnostic use of cytokeratins, CD34, and neuronal cell adhesion molecule staining in focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatic adenoma. Hum Pathol. 2009 May. 40(5):726-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

95. Bioulac-Sage P, Cubel G, Taouji S, et al. Immunohistochemical markers on needle biopsies are helpful for the diagnosis of focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma subtypes. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012 Nov. 36(11):1691-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

96. Doolittle DA, Atwell TD, Sanchez W, et al. Safety and outcomes of percutaneous biopsy of 61 hepatic adenomas. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2016 Apr. 206(4):871-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

97. Hussain SM, van den Bos IC, Dwarkasing RS, Kuiper JW, den Hollander J. Hepatocellular adenoma: findings at state-of-the-art magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computed tomography and pathologic analysis. Eur Radiol. 2006 Sep. 16(9):1873-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

98. Ishak KG. Benign tumors and pseudotumors of the liver. Appl Pathol. 1988. 6(2):82-104. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

99. Bisceglia M, Gatta A, Tomezzoli A, Donataccio M. Multiple spontaneous liver cell adenomas of different types (liver adenomatosis). Adv Anat Pathol. 2009 May. 16(3):172-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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101. Micchelli ST, Vivekanandan P, Boitnott JK, Pawlik TM, Choti MA, Torbenson M. Malignant transformation of hepatic adenomas. Mod Pathol. 2008 Apr. 21(4):491-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

102. Schlageter M, Terracciano LM, D'Angelo S, Sorrentino P. Histopathology of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Nov. 20(43):15955-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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104. Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009 Jan. 45(2):228-47. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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109. Erdogan D, van Delden OM, Busch OR, Gouma DJ, van Gulik TM. Selective transcatheter arterial embolization for treatment of bleeding complications or reduction of tumor mass of hepatocellular adenomas. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2007 Nov-Dec. 30(6):1252-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

110. Huurman VA, Schaapherder AF. Management of ruptured hepatocellular adenoma. Dig Surg. 2010. 27(1):56-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

111. Noels JE, van Aalten SM, van der Windt DJ, et al. Management of hepatocellular adenoma during pregnancy. J Hepatol. 2011 Mar. 54(3):553-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

112. Lazarus E, Mayo-Smith WW, Mainiero MB, Spencer PK. CT in the evaluation of nontraumatic abdominal pain in pregnant women. Radiology. 2007 Sep. 244:784-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

113. Stoot JH, van Roosmalen J, Terpstra OT, Schaapherder AF. Life-threatening hemorrhage from adenomas in the liver during pregnancy. Dig Surg. 2006. 23(3):155. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

114. Selby R, Starzl TE, Ynis E, et al. Liver transplantation for type 1 and type glycogen storage disease. Eur J Pediatr. 1993. 152:S71-76.

115. Santambrogio R, Marconi AM, Ceretti AP, et al. Liver transplantation for spontaneous intrapartum rupture of a hepatic adenoma. Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Feb. 113(2 pt 2):508-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

116. Klompenhouwer AJ, Broker MEE, Thomeer MGJ, Gaspersz MP, de Man RA, IJzermans JNM. Retrospective study on timing of resection of hepatocellular adenoma. Br J Surg. 2017 Nov. 104(12):1695-703. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

117. Landi F, De' Angelis N, Scatton O, et al. Short-term outcomes of laparoscopic vs. open liver resection for hepatocellular adenoma: a multicenter propensity score adjustment analysis by the AFC-HCA-2013 study group. Surg Endosc. 2017 Oct. 31(10):4136-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

118. van Vledder MG, van Aalten SM, Terkivatan T, et al. Safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular adenoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2011 Jun. 22(6):787-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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120. Shanbhogue AK, Prasad SR, Takahashi N, Vikram R, Sahani DV. Recent advances in cytogenetics and molecular biology of adult hepatocellular tumors: implications for imaging and management. Radiology. 2011 Mar. 258(3):673-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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Michael H Piper, MD Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Digestive Health Associates, PLC

Michael H Piper, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, Michigan State Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Janice M Fields, MD, FACG, FACP Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Providence Hospital, St John Macomb-Oakland Hosptial

Janice M Fields, MD, FACG, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, National Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Ryan R Kahl, DO Chief Fellow, Department of Gastroenterology, Ascension Providence-Providence Park Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine

Ryan R Kahl, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

BS Anand, MD Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine

BS Anand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Tushar Patel, MB, ChB Professor of Medicine, Ohio State University Medical Center

Tushar Patel, MB, ChB is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American Gastroenterological Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Bradford A Whitmer, DO Fellow, Department of Gastroenterology, Providence Hospital

Bradford A Whitmer, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Osteopathic Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Brian S Berk, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School; Director of End Stage Liver Disease, Section of Gastroenterology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center

Brian S Berk, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and American Gastroenterological Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose. Kenneth Ingram, PAC Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sandeep Mukherjee, MB, BCh, MPH, FRCPC Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; Consulting Staff, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veteran Affairs Medical Center

Disclosure: Merck Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Ikaria Pharmaceuticals Honoraria Board membership

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