Helicobacter Pylori Infection Clinical Presentation

Updated: Jul 21, 2021
  • Author: Luigi Santacroce, MD; Chief Editor: BS Anand, MD  more...
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Presentation

History and Physical Examination

History

In the authors' opinion, there are no significant differences in the presence and frequency of symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, pain, heartburn, or diarrhea, in patients who are infected with H pylori and those who are not. No definite evidence demonstrates a clear relationship between the symptoms of the H pylori-associated gastritis and abdominal pain or dyspeptic symptoms from other conditions, although H pylori gastritis is the cause of dyspepsia in a subset of patients (as when successful H pylori eradication results in sustained symptomatic remission) and is considered a distinct entity. [1, 13] In infected patients, 30%-35% have no symptoms.

Adults and children differ in the immune response to H pylori infection. This is probably due to a physiologic lower density of neutrophils and T lymphocytes during childhood, especially in children younger than 8 years.

Although H pylori infection is not significantly related to recurrent abdominal pain, weekly pain is reported more often in children who are infected with H pylori compared with children who are not infected.

Physical examination

No specific clinical signs have been described in patients with H pylori infection. Patients may feel dyspepsia or abdominal discomfort, such as during gastritis or with epigastric pain (eg, duodenal ulcers). In some cases, patients may feel hungry in the morning and may have halitosis.