Overview
What is tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What are the main categories of congenital tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
How is tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) usually diagnosed?
When was the first successful repair of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is the pathophysiology of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is the importance of embryology in the pathogenesis of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is the pathophysiology of acquired nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is the pathophysiology of acquired malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What causes tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is the prevalence of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) in the US?
How does the incidence of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) vary by age?
What is the prognosis of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is the mortality and morbidity of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What are the complications of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
Presentation
Which clinical history is characteristic of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
Which physical findings are characteristic of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
DDX
When should a diagnosis of recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) be considered?
What are the differential diagnoses for Tracheoesophageal Fistula?
Workup
How is acquired tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) diagnosed?
Treatment
Where should patients be treated for tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What are the treatment options for tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What are the treatment options for malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What is included in preoperative care for congenital tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
How is surgical repair of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) performed?
What is included in postoperative care following repair of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
What are possible complications of tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) repair and how are they managed?
How is esophageal atresia managed in patients with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
How is acquired nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) treated surgically?
How is acquired malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) treated surgically?
Which medical personnel provide consultation to patients with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)?
How is acquired tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) prevented?
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Tracheoesophageal fistula. During development of respiratory and digestive systems, a single primitive tube develops lung bud and tracheoesophageal septum forms by 4-6 weeks of gestational age. The septum separates the foregut and tracheobronchial tree by 6 weeks of gestational age.
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Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). The cuff of endobronchial causes circumferential ischemia and injury to the trachea; the erosion leads to formation of a TEF.
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Tracheoesophageal fistula. H-type of tracheoesophageal fistula.
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Tracheoesophageal fistula. Esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula.
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Tracheoesophageal fistula. Isolated esophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula.