Suprapubic Cystostomy Medication

Updated: Feb 23, 2021
  • Author: John Samuel Fisher, MD; Chief Editor: Bradley Fields Schwartz, DO, FACS  more...
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Medication

Medication Summary

The goals of pharmacotherapy are to minimize pain, reduce morbidity, and prevent complications.

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Anesthetics, Local Anesthetics, Amides

Class Summary

The anesthesia should be used for a percutaneous suprapubic cystostomy. Local anesthetics block the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses.

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Lidocaine inhibits depolarization of type C sensory neurons by blocking sodium channels. An example of an appropriate preparation would be a 1:1 formulation of 5 mL of lidocaine 1% and 5 mL of bupivacaine 0.25%, for a total of 10 mL. Many other formulation compositions would serve equally well as a local anesthetic. With a 22-gauge needle tip, infiltrate the superficial and subcutaneous tissue down to the fascia, approximately 2 fingerbreadths above the pubic symphysis. Fill a 10-mL Luer-Lok syringe with 5 mL of 1% lidocaine and 5 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine. Attach the syringe to a 22-gauge, 7.75-cm spinal needle. Raise a skin wheal at the marked site, and infiltrate the anesthetic into the subcutaneous tissue and rectus abdominis muscle fascia, aiming the needle at a 10-20° angle toward the pelvis. Advance the needle in this direction, while aspirating the syringe; urine should be easily aspirated when the bladder is entered.

Bupivacaine (Marcaine)

Bupivacaine decreases the permeability to sodium ions in neuronal membranes. This results in the inhibition of depolarization, blocking the transmission of nerve impulses. An example of an appropriate preparation would be a 1:1 formulation of 5 mL of lidocaine 1% and 5 mL of bupivacaine 0.25%, for a total of 10 mL. Fill a 10-mL Luer-Lok syringe. Attach the syringe to a 22-gauge, 7.75-cm spinal needle. Raise a skin wheal at the marked site, and infiltrate the anesthetic into the subcutaneous tissue and rectus abdominis muscle fascia, aiming the needle at a 10-20° angle toward the pelvis. Advance the needle in this direction, while aspirating the syringe; urine should be easily aspirated when the bladder is entered.

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