Acute Coronary Syndrome Questions & Answers

Updated: Sep 30, 2020
  • Author: David L Coven, MD, PhD; Chief Editor: Eric H Yang, MD  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What are the potential complications of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the spectrum of clinical presentations of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the signs and symptoms of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the range of physical findings in acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Which risk score for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is used in the ESC treatment guidelines for non-ST-segment elevation ACS?

What is included in the diagnostic workup for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

How is acute coronary syndrome (ACS) initially treated?

Which medications are used in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Which treatments may be performed following the initial therapy for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the treatment guidelines for moderate- or high-risk acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What causes acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in women?

What are possible complications of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is included in patient education about acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Presentation

Which clinical history findings are characteristic of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Which physical findings are characteristic of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the accelerated diagnostic protocol (ADP) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the ACP guidelines on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) screening?

DDX

In which patient groups should a high index of suspicion for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) be maintained?

Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

How should chest pain be assessed in suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the differential diagnoses for Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Workup

How is acute coronary syndrome (ACS) diagnosed?

What is the role of ECG in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of CK-MB measurement testing in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of troponin measurement testing in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of myoglobin measurement testing in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of CBC count in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of a basic metabolic panel in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of biomarkers in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of chest radiography in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of echocardiography in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of perfusion imaging in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of cardiac angiography in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of CT scanning in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of CT coronary artery scoring in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Which tests are being studied for use in identifying plaques in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Which test may be helpful in assessing obstructive CAD in patients without diabetes?

What is the role of MRI in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of a comprehensive cardiothoracic CT exam in the workup of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Treatment

How is acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated?

What is the role of nitrates in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of beta-blockers in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of aspirin in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of clopidogrel in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of prasugrel in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of vorapaxar (Zontivity) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of ticagrelor (Brilinta) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

How is stent thrombosis prevented in acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of unfractionated heparin in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of low–molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of rivaroxaban in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of fondaparinux (Arixtra) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of prehospital thrombolysis in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What is the role of invasive interventions in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

How is moderate- or high-risk acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated?

Guidelines

What are the guidelines on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) screening?

Which guidelines have been published on the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the ILCOR guidelines on diagnostic intervention in acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommendations for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes (CCS)?

What are the AHA/ACC treatment guidelines for NSTE-ACS?

What are the ESC treatment guidelines for NSTE-ACS?

What are the guidelines on selection of preferred management strategy for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the AHA/ACC guidelines on initial hospital care for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the AHA/ACC guidelines on antiplatelet/anticoagulation for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the ESC guidelines on antiplatelet therapy for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the AHA/ACC guidelines on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the ACC/ACG/AHA guidelines on concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and thienopyridines in acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the ACC/AHA/SCAI guidelines on PCI for acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

What are the AHA/ACC guidelines on hospital discharge and follow-up monitoring of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Medications

What is the role of medications in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Which medications in the drug class Adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Direct thrombin inhibitors are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Low molecular weight heparins are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Anticoagulants are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA inhibitors are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Beta-adrenergic blockers are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Analgesics are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Nitrates are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?

Which medications in the drug class Antiplatelet agents are used in the treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome?