Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Questions & Answers

1. Lewis R. NSAIDs May Protect Against Common Skin Cancer. Medscape Medical News. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/836938. 2014 Dec 19; Accessed: Oct 11, 2017.

2. Muranushi C, Olsen CM, Pandeya N, Green AC. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can prevent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Invest Dermatol. 2015 Apr. 135(4):975-83. [Medline].

3. Howell JY, Ramsey ML. Cancer, Squamous Cell, Skin. 2017 Jun. [Medline]. [Full Text].

4. Maubec E. Update of the Management of Cutaneous Squamous-cell Carcinoma. Acta Derm Venereol. 2020 Apr 28. [Medline]. [Full Text].

5. Corchado-Cobos R, Garcia-Sancha N, Gonzalez-Sarmiento R, Perez-Losada J, Canueto J. Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Biology to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 22. 21 (8):[Medline]. [Full Text].

6. Brash DE. Roles of the transcription factor p53 in keratinocyte carcinomas. Br J Dermatol. 2006 May. 154 Suppl 1:8-10. [Medline].

7. Hanneman KK, Cooper KD, Baron ED. Ultraviolet immunosuppression: mechanisms and consequences. Dermatol Clin. 2006 Jan. 24(1):19-25. [Medline].

8. Schwaederle M, Elkin SK, Tomson BN, Carter JL, Kurzrock R. Squamousness: Next-generation sequencing reveals shared molecular features across squamous tumor types. Cell Cycle. 2015 Jun 1. 1-7. [Medline].

9. Ahadiat O, Higgins S, Trodello C, Talmor G, Kokot N, Wysong A. Hypothyroidism Potentially Linked to Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Retrospective Study at a Single Tertiary Academic Medical Center. Dermatol Surg. 2017 Aug 7. [Medline].

10. Pedersen SA, Gaist D, Schmidt SAJ, Holmich LR, Friis S, Pottegard A. Hydrochlorothiazide use and risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer: A nationwide case-control study from Denmark. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Apr. 78 (4):673-81.e9. [Medline]. [Full Text].

11. Lipper GM. Hydrochlorothiazide and skin cancer: raise the red flag. Medscape. 2018 May 4. [Full Text].

12. de Gruijl FR, Rebel H. Early events in UV carcinogenesis--DNA damage, target cells and mutant p53 foci. Photochem Photobiol. 2008 Mar-Apr. 84(2):382-7. [Medline].

13. Ziegler A, Jonason AS, Leffell DJ, Simon JA, Sharma HW, Kimmelman J, et al. Sunburn and p53 in the onset of skin cancer. Nature. 1994 Dec 22-29. 372(6508):773-6. [Medline].

14. Perry PK, Silverberg NB. Cutaneous malignancy in albinism. Cutis. 2001 May. 67(5):427-30. [Medline].

15. Zghal M, El-Fekih N, Fazaa B, et al. [Xeroderma pigmentosum. Cutaneous, ocular, and neurologic abnormalities in 49 Tunisian cases]. Tunis Med. 2005 Dec. 83(12):760-3. [Medline].

16. Black AP, Bailey A, Jones L, Turner RJ, Hollowood K, Ogg GS. p53-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in individuals with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol. 2005 Nov. 153(5):987-91. [Medline].

17. Euvrard S, Kanitakis J, Claudy A. Skin cancers after organ transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2003 Apr 24. 348(17):1681-91. [Medline].

18. Jensen P, Hansen S, Moller B, et al. Skin cancer in kidney and heart transplant recipients and different long-term immunosuppressive therapy regimens. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999 Feb. 40(2 Pt 1):177-86. [Medline].

19. Euvrard S, Kanitakis J, Decullier E, et al. Subsequent skin cancers in kidney and heart transplant recipients after the first squamous cell carcinoma. Transplantation. 2006 Apr 27. 81(8):1093-100. [Medline].

20. Veness MJ, Quinn DI, Ong CS, et al. Aggressive cutaneous malignancies following cardiothoracic transplantation: the Australian experience. Cancer. 1999 Apr 15. 85(8):1758-64. [Medline].

21. Wilkins K, Turner R, Dolev JC, LeBoit PE, Berger TG, Maurer TA. Cutaneous malignancy and human immunodeficiency virus disease. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Feb. 54(2):189-206; quiz 207-10. [Medline].

22. Rogers HW, Weinstock MA, Feldman SR, Coldiron BM. Incidence Estimate of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer (Keratinocyte Carcinomas) in the U.S. Population, 2012. JAMA Dermatol. 2015 Oct. 151 (10):1081-6. [Medline].

23. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures: 2017. Available at https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2017/cancer-facts-and-figures-2017.pdf. 2017; Accessed: Oct 11, 2017.

24. Oh CM, Cho H, Won YJ, et al. Nationwide Trends in the Incidence of Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancers from 1999 to 2014 in South Korea. Cancer Res Treat. 2017 Jul 14. [Medline]. [Full Text].

25. Gray DT, Suman VJ, Su WP, Clay RP, Harmsen WS, Roenigk RK. Trends in the population-based incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin first diagnosed between 1984 and 1992. Arch Dermatol. 1997 Jun. 133(6):735-40. [Medline].

26. Staples MP, Elwood M, Burton RC, Williams JL, Marks R, Giles GG. Non-melanoma skin cancer in Australia: the 2002 national survey and trends since 1985. Med J Aust. 2006 Jan 2. 184(1):6-10. [Medline].

27. Buettner PG, Raasch BA. Incidence rates of skin cancer in Townsville, Australia. Int J Cancer. 1998 Nov 23. 78(5):587-93. [Medline].

28. McCall CO, Chen SC. Squamous cell carcinoma of the legs in African Americans. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002 Oct. 47(4):524-9. [Medline].

29. Housman TS, Feldman SR, Williford PM, et al. Skin cancer is among the most costly of all cancers to treat for the Medicare population. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003 Mar. 48(3):425-9. [Medline].

30. Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, eds. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and other cutaneous carcinomas. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2009. 301-9.

31. Clayman GL, Lee JJ, Holsinger FC, et al. Mortality risk from squamous cell skin cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Feb 1. 23(4):759-65. [Medline].

32. Eigentler TK, Leiter U, Hafner HM, Garbe C, Rocken M, Breuninger H. Survival of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma Results of a prospective cohort study. J Invest Dermatol. 2017 Jul 20. [Medline].

33. Rowe DE, Carroll RJ, Day CL Jr. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ear, and lip. Implications for treatment modality selection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992 Jun. 26(6):976-90. [Medline].

34. Ross AS, Whalen FM, Elenitsas R, Xu X, Troxel AB, Schmults CD. Diameter of involved nerves predicts outcomes in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion: an investigator-blinded retrospective cohort study. Dermatol Surg. 2009 Dec. 35(12):1859-66. [Medline].

35. Vasan K, Low TH, Gupta R, et al. Lymph node ratio as a prognostic factor in metastatic cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck. 2018 Jan 23. [Medline].

36. Salasche SJ. Epidemiology of actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000 Jan. 42(1 Pt 2):4-7. [Medline].

37. Goepfert H, Dichtel WJ, Medina JE, Lindberg RD, Luna MD. Perineural invasion in squamous cell skin carcinoma of the head and neck. Am J Surg. 1984 Oct. 148(4):542-7. [Medline].

38. Hasmat S, Mooney C, Gao K, et al. Regional Metastasis in Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Update on the Significance of Extra-Nodal Extension and Soft Tissue Metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020 Aug. 27 (8):2840-5. [Medline].

39. Hong TS, Kriesel KJ, Hartig GK, Harari PM. Parotid area lymph node metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: implications for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Head Neck. 2005 Oct. 27(10):851-6. [Medline].

40. Barros JN, Lowen MS, Ballalai PL, Mascaro VL, Gomes JA, Martins MC. Predictive index to differentiate invasive squamous cell carcinoma from preinvasive ocular surface lesions by impression cytology. Br J Ophthalmol. 2009 Feb. 93(2):209-14. [Medline].

41. Pe'er J. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2005 Mar. 18(1):1-13, vii. [Medline].

42. Papaioannou IT, Melachrinou MP, Drimtzias EG, Gartaganis SP. Corneal-conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. Cornea. 2008 Sep. 27(8):957-8. [Medline].

43. Gokmen Soysal H, Ardic F. Malignant conjunctival tumors invading the orbit. Ophthalmologica. 2008. 222(5):338-43. [Medline].

44. Hirst LW, Axelsen RA, Schwab I. Pterygium and associated ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 Jan. 127(1):31-2. [Medline].

45. Forest VI, Clark JJ, Veness MJ, Milross C. N1S3: a revised staging system for head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with lymph node metastases: results of 2 Australian Cancer Centers. Cancer. 2010 Mar 1. 116(5):1298-304. [Medline].

46. Brodland DG, Zitelli JA. Surgical margins for excision of primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992 Aug. 27(2 Pt 1):241-8. [Medline].

47. Baart VM, van Duijn C, van Egmond SL, et al. EGFR and αvβ6 as Promising Targets for Molecular Imaging of Cutaneous and Mucosal Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Region. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jun 5. 12 (6):[Medline]. [Full Text].

48. Fukushima S, Masuguchi S, Igata T, et al. Evaluation of sentinel node biopsy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Dermatol. 2014 Jun. 41 (6):539-41. [Medline].

49. Saito Y, Fujikawa H, Takatsuka S, Abe R, Takenouchi T. Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a long-term retrospective study of Japanese patients. Int J Clin Oncol. 2021 Mar. 26 (3):606-12. [Medline].

50. Ahmed MM, Moore BA, Schmalbach CE. Utility of head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma sentinel node biopsy: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 Feb. 150 (2):180-7. [Medline].

51. Bander TS, Nehal KS, Lee EH. Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Updates in Staging and Management. Dermatol Clin. 2019 Jul. 37 (3):241-51. [Medline].

52. Stratigos AJ, Garbe C, Dessinioti C, et al. European interdisciplinary guideline on invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: Part 1. epidemiology, diagnostics and prevention. Eur J Cancer. 2020 Mar. 128:60-82. [Medline].

53. Nelson BR, Railan D, Cohen S. Mohs' micrographic surgery for nonmelanoma skin cancers. Clin Plast Surg. 1997 Oct. 24(4):705-18. [Medline].

54. Veness MJ, Morgan GJ, Palme CE, Gebski V. Surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to lymph nodes: combined treatment should be considered best practice. Laryngoscope. 2005 May. 115(5):870-5. [Medline].

55. Rudkin AK, Muecke JS. Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of localised ocular surface squamous neoplasia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011 Jul. 95(7):947-50. [Medline].

56. Bauman JE, Eaton KD, Martins RG. Treatment of recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with cetuximab. Arch Dermatol. 2007 Jul. 143(7):889-92. [Medline].

57. Suen JK, Bressler L, Shord SS, Warso M, Villano JL. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma responding serially to single-agent cetuximab. Anticancer Drugs. 2007 Aug. 18(7):827-9. [Medline].

58. Arnold AW, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Zuger C, Itin PH. Cetuximab therapy of metastasizing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a patient with severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Dermatology. 2009. 219(1):80-3. [Medline].

59. Reeves TD, Hill EG, Armeson KE, Gillespie MB. Cetuximab therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review of the data. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011 May. 144(5):676-84. [Medline].

60. Baggi A, Quaglino P, Rubatto M, et al. Real world data of cemiplimab in locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer. 2021 Sep 15. 157:250-8. [Medline].

61. Migden MR, Rischin D, Schmults CD, et al. PD-1 Blockade with Cemiplimab in Advanced Cutaneous Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 26. 379 (4):341-351. [Medline]. [Full Text].

62. Keytruda (pembrolizumab) [package insert]. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co, Inc. June 2020. Available at [Full Text].

63. Char DH, Crawford JB. Orbital invasion despite topical anti-metabolite therapy for conjunctival carcinoma. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008 Mar. 246(3):459-61. [Medline].

64. Shields CL, Demirci H, Marr BP, Masheyekhi A, Materin M, Shields JA. Chemoreduction with topical mitomycin C prior to resection of extensive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Jan. 123(1):109-13. [Medline].

65. Russell HC, Chadha V, Lockington D, Kemp EG. Topical mitomycin C chemotherapy in the management of ocular surface neoplasia: a 10-year review of treatment outcomes and complications. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010 Oct. 94(10):1316-21. [Medline].

66. Duffield-Lillico AJ, Slate EH, Reid ME, et al. Selenium supplementation and secondary prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003 Oct 1. 95(19):1477-81. [Medline].

67. Frieling UM, Schaumberg DA, Kupper TS, Muntwyler J, Hennekens CH. A randomized, 12-year primary-prevention trial of beta carotene supplementation for nonmelanoma skin cancer in the physician's health study. Arch Dermatol. 2000 Feb. 136(2):179-84. [Medline].

68. Green A, Williams G, Neale R, et al. Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 1999 Aug 28. 354(9180):723-9. [Medline].

69. Levine N, Moon TE, Cartmel B, et al. Trial of retinol and isotretinoin in skin cancer prevention: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Southwest Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 Nov. 6(11):957-61. [Medline].

70. Naylor MF, Boyd A, Smith DW, Cameron GS, Hubbard D, Neldner KH. High sun protection factor sunscreens in the suppression of actinic neoplasia. Arch Dermatol. 1995 Feb. 131(2):170-5. [Medline].

71. Thompson SC, Jolley D, Marks R. Reduction of solar keratoses by regular sunscreen use. N Engl J Med. 1993 Oct 14. 329(16):1147-51. [Medline].

72. Seite S, Colige A, Piquemal-Vivenot P, et al. A full-UV spectrum absorbing daily use cream protects human skin against biological changes occurring in photoaging. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2000 Aug. 16(4):147-55. [Medline].

73. Seite S, Moyal D, Richard S, et al. Mexoryl SX: a broad absorption UVA filter protects human skin from the effects of repeated suberythemal doses of UVA. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1998 Jun 15. 44(1):69-76. [Medline].

74. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for Skin Cancer: Recommendation Statement. AHRQ Publication No. 09-05128-EF-2, Feb 2009. Available at http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf09/skincancer/skincanrs.htm. Accessed: Oct 11, 2017.

75. Kuflik EG, Gage AA. The five-year cure rate achieved by cryosurgery for skin cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991 Jun. 24(6 Pt 1):1002-4. [Medline].

76. Zhang GL, Keyal U, Shi L, et al. Photodynamic therapy as an alternative treatment in patients with invasive cutaneous SCC where surgery is not feasible: Single center experience. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2020 Dec. 32:101980. [Medline].

77. Hamdoon Z, Jerjes W, Hopper C. Periorbital skin cancers subjected to mTHPC-photodynamic therapy: A prospective study. Skin Res Technol. 2020 May. 26 (3):338-42. [Medline].

78. [Guideline] Koyfman SA, Cooper JS, Beitler JJ, et al. Aggressive nonmelanomatous skin cancer of the head and neck. American College of Radiology. Available at https://acsearch.acr.org/docs/3091669/Narrative/. 2014; Accessed: Oct 11, 2017.

79. [Guideline] Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Management of primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. A national clinical guideline. SIGN. Available at http://www.sign.ac.uk/sign-140-management-of-primary-cutaneous-squamous-cell-carcinoma.html. Jun 2014; Accessed: Oct 11, 2017.

80. [Guideline] Leiter U, Heppt MV, Steeb T, et al. S3 guideline for actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) - short version, part 2: epidemiology, surgical and systemic treatment of cSCC, follow-up, prevention and occupational disease. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2020 Apr. 18 (4):400-13. [Medline]. [Full Text].

81. Keohane SG, Botting J, Budny PG, et al. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the management of people with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma 2020. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Mar. 184 (3):401-14. [Medline]. [Full Text].

82. Migden MR, Rischin D, Schmults CD, et al. PD-1 Blockade with Cemiplimab in Advanced Cutaneous Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 26. 379 (4):341-51. [Medline]. [Full Text].

83. Mohan SV, Chang J, Li S, Henry AS, Wood DJ, Chang AL. Increased Risk of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Vismodegib Therapy for Basal Cell Carcinoma. JAMA Dermatol. 2016 May 1. 152 (5):527-32. [Medline].

84. Manyam BV, Gastman B, Zhang AY, et al. Inferior outcomes in immunosuppressed patients with high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with surgery and radiation therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015 May 29. [Medline].

85. Beadle BM, Liao KP, Elting LS, et al. Improved survival using intensity-modulated radiation therapy in head and neck cancers: a SEER-Medicare analysis. Cancer. 2014 Mar 1. 120(5):702-10. [Medline].

86. Slater NA, Googe PB. PD-L1 expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma correlates with risk of metastasis. J Cutan Pathol. 2016 Aug. 43 (8):663-70. [Medline].

87. Gossai A, Waterboer T, Hoen AG, et al. Human polyomaviruses and incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the New Hampshire skin cancer study. Cancer Med. 2016 Jun. 5 (6):1239-50. [Medline]. [Full Text].

88. Chahal HS, Lin Y, Ransohoff KJ, Hinds DA, Wu W, Dai HJ, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility loci for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun. 2016 Jul 18. 7:12048. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Jeffery W Wells, MD Fellow in Head and Neck Oncology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

Jeffery W Wells, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Head and Neck Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Neerav Goyal, MD, MPH, FACS Associate Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Neurosurgery, Public Health Sciences, and Surgery, Chief, Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Associate Director, Skull Base and Pituitary Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Health, Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Penn State Cancer Institute

Neerav Goyal, MD, MPH, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Head and Neck Society, American Medical Association, Hobart Amory Hare Honor Society, North American Skull Base Society, Pennsylvania Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Society of University Otolaryngologists-Head and Neck Surgeons

Disclosure: Received research grant from: Medrobotics, Inc; Synthes, Inc.

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA Professor of Otolaryngology, Dentistry, and Engineering, University of Colorado School of Medicine

Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Head and Neck Society

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Cerescan, Ryte, Neosoma, MI10<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: , Cliexa;;Neosoma<br/> Received ownership interest from Cerescan for consulting; for: Neosoma, eMedevents, MI10.

Talib Najjar, DMD, MDS, PhD Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pathology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine

Talib Najjar, DMD, MDS, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society for Clinical Pathology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Marcus M Monroe, MD Attending Physician/Surgeon, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine

Marcus M Monroe, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Rhinologic Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Murad Alam, MD Associate Professor of Dermatology, Otolaryngology, and Surgery; Chief, Section of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University; Director, Mohs Micrographic Surgery, Northwestern Memorial Hospital

Murad Alam, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Cutaneous Oncology, American Dermatological Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, American Society of Cosmetic Dermatology and Aesthetic Surgery, American Society of Transplantation, Dermatology Foundation, Illinois Dermatological Society, Phi Beta Kappa, Society for Investigative Dermatology, and Women's Dermatologic Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Laurence M Baibak, MD, FACS

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

William Joseph Campbell, MD Resident Physician, Department of Surgery, University of Florida

William Joseph Campbell, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, and American Medical Student Association/Foundation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Gregory Caputy, MD, PhD, FICS Chief Surgeon, Aesthetica Plastic and Laser Surgery Center, Inc

Gregory Caputy, MD, PhD, FICS is a member of the following medical societies: American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, Canadian Medical Association, International College of Surgeons, International College of Surgeons US Section, Pan-Pacific Surgical Association, and Wound Healing Society

Disclosure: Syneron Corporation Salary Speaking and teaching

Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS Professor of Surgery and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chief, Division of Plastic Surgery, Residency Program Director, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine; Director, Center for Advanced Surgical Aesthetics

Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Burn Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, and Medical Association of the State of Alabama

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Christopher DeBacker, MD Clinical Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Clinical Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Christopher DeBacker, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, American Academy of Ophthalmology, and American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert M Dryden, MD, FACS Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona School of Medicine

Robert M Dryden, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Phi Beta Kappa

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mark T Duffy, MD, PhD Consulting Staff, Division of Oculoplastic, Orbito-facial, Lacrimal and Reconstructive Surgery, Green Bay Eye Clinic, BayCare Clinic; Medical Director, Advanced Cosmetic Solutions, A BayCare Clinic

Mark T Duffy, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sigma Xi, and Society for Neuroscience

Disclosure: Allergan - Botox Cosmetic Consulting fee Consulting

Dirk M Elston, MD Director, Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York

Dirk M Elston, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jerre Freeman, MD Founder and Chairman, Memphis Eye and Cataract Associates; Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine

Jerre Freeman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Medical Association, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, and Tennessee Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jaime R Garza, MD, DDS, FACS Consulting Staff, Private Practice

Jaime R Garza, MD, DDS, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, Texas Medical Association, and Texas Society of Plastic Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Glenn Goldman, MD

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Neil D Gross, MD Assistant Professor of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University

Neil D Gross, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Surgeons, and American Head and Neck Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Stephen D Hess, MD, PhD

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Shahin Javaheri, MD Chief, Department of Plastic Surgery, Martinez Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic; Consulting Staff, Advanced Aesthetic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

Shahin Javaheri, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and American Society of Plastic Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Lorraine Jennings, MBBCh, MRCPI Fellow, Department of Dermatology, Mohs Micrographic Surgery Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School

Lorraine Jennings, MBBCh, MRCPI is a member of the following medical societies: British Association of Dermatologists, International Transplant and Skin Cancer Collaborative (ITSCC), Irish Association of Dermatologists, Photomedicine Society, and Royal College of Physicians of Ireland

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Lawrence Ketch, MD, FAAP, FACS Head, Program Director, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Chief, Pediatric Plastic, The Children's Hospital of Denver

Lawrence Ketch, MD, FAAP, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Hand Surgery, American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Burn Association, American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, andPlastic Surgery Research Council

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Simon K Law, MD, PharmD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine

Simon K Law, MD, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Glaucoma Society, and Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Deepak Narayan, MD, FRCS Associate Professor of Surgery (Plastic), Yale University School of Medicine; Chief of Plastic Surgery, West Haven Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Deepak Narayan, MD, FRCS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Indian Medical Association, Plastic Surgery Research Council, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, and Royal College of Surgeons of England

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Samia Nawaz, MBBS, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Science Center

Samia Nawaz, MBBS, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society for Clinical Pathology, American Society of Cytopathology, and International Academy of Pathology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Ron W Pelton, MD, PhD Private Practice, Colorado Springs, Colorado

Ron W Pelton, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, AO Foundation, and Colorado Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Christopher J Rapuano, MD Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University; Director of the Cornea Service, Co-Director of Refractive Surgery Department, Wills Eye Institute

Christopher J Rapuano, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Cornea Society, Eye Bank Association of America, International Society of Refractive Surgery, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Allergan Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Allergan Consulting fee Consulting; Alcon Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Inspire Honoraria Speaking and teaching; RPS Ownership interest Other; Vistakon Honoraria Speaking and teaching; EyeGate Pharma Consulting; Inspire Consulting fee Consulting; Bausch & Lomb Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Bausch & Lomb Consulting fee Consulting

Hampton Roy Sr, MD Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Hampton Roy Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Debjani Sahni, MBBS, MRCP Cutaneous Oncology Fellow, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

M Sherif Said, MD, PhD, FCAP Associate Professor of Pathology, Director of Head and Neck Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Denver

M Sherif Said, MD, PhD, FCAP is a member of the following medical societies: American Society for Clinical Pathology and College of American Pathologists

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Noah S Scheinfeld, MD, JD, FAAD Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Dermatology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Consulting Staff, Department of Dermatology, St Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, Beth Israel Medical Center, and New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; Private Practice

Noah S Scheinfeld, MD, JD, FAAD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology

Disclosure: Optigenex Consulting fee Independent contractor

Chrysalyne D Schmults, MD, MSCE Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School; Director, Mohs Micrographic Surgery Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Center

Chrysalyne D Schmults, MD, MSCE is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Cutaneous Oncology, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, and International Society for Dermatologic Surgery

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Marvin Spann, MD Staff Physician, Department of General Surgery, New York Hospital Queens

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Wayne Karl Stadelmann, MD Stadelmann Plastic Surgery, PC

Wayne Karl Stadelmann, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, New Hampshire Medical Society, Northeastern Society of Plastic Surgeons, and Phi Beta Kappa

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Mia Talmor, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University

Mia Talmor, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons and American Society of Plastic Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

R Stan Taylor, MD The JB Howell Professor in Melanoma Education and Detection, Departments of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Director, Skin Surgery and Oncology Clinic, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

R Stan Taylor, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Mohs Surgery, American Dermatological Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Christian Medical & Dental Society, and Society for Investigative Dermatology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Charles W Vaughan, MD, FACS Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael J Wells, MD Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Paul L Foster School of Medicine

Michael J Wells, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, and Texas Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael T Yen, MD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Ophthalmic Plastic, Lacrimal, and Orbital Surgery, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine

Michael T Yen, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Marc S Zimbler, MD, FACS Director of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Director of Residency Education, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beth Israel Medical Center

Marc S Zimbler, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and American College of Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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