Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Questions & Answers

Updated: Sep 24, 2021
  • Author: Jeffery W Wells, MD; Chief Editor: Arlen D Meyers, MD, MBA  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the signs and symptoms of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is included in the diagnostic workup of suspected cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are treatment options for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How common is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the prognosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) diagnosed?

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) prevented?

What is the role of chemotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the difference between cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What is the hallmark of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in the pathogenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is a precursor to invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the histologic grades for conventional cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of chronic ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of immunosuppression in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which markers for ultraviolet radiation (UVR) vulnerability increase the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of genetics in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which dermatoses increase the risk for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of hypothyroidism in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Does the diuretic and antihypertensive drug hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) cause cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?

What is the role of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of complexion, eye and hair color in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of DNA repair failure in the etiology of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How does immunosuppression increase the risk for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in organ transplant recipients on long-term immunosuppressive treatment?

What is the primary risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in organ transplant patients?

How is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) characterized in organ transplant recipients?

Which pretransplantation organ diseases increase the risk of-transplant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What is the role of noniatrogenic immunosuppression in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What is the prevalence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the global incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which geographic locations have the highest incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the racial predilections of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How does the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) vary by sex?

What is the prognosis of primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) staged?

What are the survival rates for advanced-stage cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How does the diameter and thickness of lesions affect the prognosis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How does the depth of lesions affect the prognosis of primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How does cellular differentiation affect the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What are the risk factors for tumor recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How does perineural invasion affect the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How does lymph node ratio affect the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What is included in patient education about cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Presentation

What is the focus of history in the evaluation of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How are lesions described in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the appearance of precancerous lesions in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the classic presentation of a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the significance of tumor size and location in the evaluation of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the characteristics of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) tumors?

What is the prevalence of perineural invasion in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is included in the physical exam for tumor metastasis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which physical findings suggest conjunctiva involvement in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

Which patients are at higher risk for conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How is conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) differentiated from conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia?

DDX

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) diagnosed?

Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What are the differential diagnoses for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Workup

What is the role of biopsy in the workup of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How is advance stage cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) evaluated?

When is biopsy indicated in the workup of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How is biopsy performed in the evaluation of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in the workup of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the staging system used for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) staged?

What is the N1S3 staging system for metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Treatment

What are the treatment options for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of electrodessication and curettage (ED&C) for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the disadvantages of electrodessication and curettage (ED&C) for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of Mohs micrographic surgery in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the efficacy of standard excision for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the recommended margin sizes in surgical excision of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are potential complications of surgical excision for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) treated in patients at risk for metastasizing to lymph nodes?

What are the risks and benefits of Mohs micrographic surgery for treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of radiation therapy for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which systemic chemotherapy agents are used to treat of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and what immunotherapies can be used in cSCC?

What are the treatment options for conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What is involved in surgery for conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How is cryotherapy performed for the treatment of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How is reconstruction performed for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

What is the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

How is conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia treated?

How is cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) prevented?

How can ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure be reduced in the prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are recommendations to reduce ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure for prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of sunscreen in the prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of clothing in the prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the guidelines for skin screening to prevent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the treatment options of squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS)?

What is included in the management of precancerous skin lesions and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the field treatment options for precancerous skin lesions in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of 5-florouracil (5-FU), and diclofenac sodium gel in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is the role of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which specialist consultations may be needed for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which specialist consultations are recommended for Mohs micrographic surgery in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which specialist consultations are recommended for the treatment of metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What is included in long-term monitoring of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Guidelines

What are the American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria for the treatment of aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

According to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) what are the high-risk clinical features of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

What are the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and Dermatological Cooperative Oncology Group treatment recommendations for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)?

Medications

What is included in nonsurgical management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC)?

Which medications in the drug class Antineoplastics, Antimetabolite are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class Antineoplastics, Antibiotic are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class Antineoplastics, Antimicrotubular are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class Antineoplastics, Alkylating are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class Antineoplastics, EGFR Inhibitor are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class Antineoplastics, Topical are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Which medications in the drug class Topical Skin Products are used in the treatment of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma?