Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency Questions & Answers

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3. Beutler E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a historical perspective. Blood. 2008 Jan 1. 111(1):16-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Peters AL, Van Noorden CJ. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and malaria: cytochemical detection of heterozygous G6PD deficiency in women. J Histochem Cytochem. 2009 Nov. 57(11):1003-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

5. Beutler E, Westwood B, Prchal JT, Vaca G, Bartsocas CS, Baronciani L. New glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mutations from various ethnic groups. Blood. 1992 Jul 1. 80(1):255-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Prchal JT, Gregg XT. Red Cell Enzymes. Hematology/ASH Education Book. Available at http://asheducationbook.hematologylibrary.org/content/2005/1/19.full?sid=5fb34610-c164-4deb-9e85-0922086efaea. Accessed: July 19, 2021.

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8. Wang FL, Boo NY, Ainoon O, Wong MK. Comparison of detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency using fluorescent spot test, enzyme assay and molecular method for prediction of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. Singapore Med J. 2009 Jan. 50(1):62-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Manganelli G, Masullo U, Passarelli S, Filosa S. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: disadvantages and possible benefits. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2013 Mar 1. 13(1):73-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Beutler E. G6PD deficiency. Blood. 1994 Dec 1. 84(11):3613-36. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Kaplan M, Hammerman C, Vreman HJ, Stevenson DK, Beutler E. Acute hemolysis and severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient heterozygotes. J Pediatr. 2001 Jul. 139(1):137-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Valiaveedan S, Mahajan C, Rath GP, Bindra A, Marda MK. Anaesthetic management in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency undergoing neurosurgical procedures. Indian J Anaesth. 2011 Jan. 55(1):68-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

13. Beutler E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. N Engl J Med. 1991 Jan 17. 324(3):169-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Kaplan M, Hammerman C. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a hidden risk for kernicterus. Semin Perinatol. 2004 Oct. 28(5):356-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. McDade J, Abramova T, Mortier N, Howard T, Ware RE. A novel G6PD mutation leading to chronic hemolytic anemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2008 Dec. 51(6):816-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

16. Lai YK, Lai NM, Lee SW. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Hematol. 2017 May. 96 (5):839-845. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Leong A, Lim VJY, Wang C, Chai JF, Dorajoo R, Heng CK, et al. Association of G6PD variants with hemoglobin A1c and impact on diabetes diagnosis in East Asian individuals. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2020 Mar. 8 (1):[QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

18. Cocco P, Todde P, Fornera S, Manca MB, Manca P, Sias AR. Mortality in a cohort of men expressing the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Blood. 1998 Jan 15. 91 (2):706-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Dore MP, Davoli A, Longo N, Marras G, Pes GM. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and risk of colorectal cancer in Northern Sardinia: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Nov. 95 (44):e5254. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

20. Minucci A, Giardina B, Zuppi C, Capoluongo E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase laboratory assay: How, when, and why?. IUBMB Life. 2009 Jan. 61(1):27-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Valaes T, Drummond GS, Kappas A. Control of hyperbilirubinemia in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient newborns using an inhibitor of bilirubin production, Sn-mesoporphyrin. Pediatrics. 1998 May. 101(5):E1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Ozbay Hosnut F, Ozcay F, Selda Bayrakci U, Avci Z, Ozbek N. Etiology of hemolysis in two patients with hepatitis A infection: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency or autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Dec. 167(12):1435-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Nantakomol D, Paul R, Palasuwan A, Day NP, White NJ, Imwong M. Evaluation of the phenotypic test and genetic analysis in the detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Malar J. 2013 Aug 21. 12(1):289. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

24. Peters AL, Veldthuis M, van Leeuwen K, Bossuyt PMM, Vlaar APJ, van Bruggen R, et al. Comparison of Spectrophotometry, Chromate Inhibition, and Cytofluorometry Versus Gene Sequencing for Detection of Heterozygously Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Females. J Histochem Cytochem. 2017 Nov. 65 (11):627-636. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Jonges GN, Hagen H, Van Noorden CJ, Weening RS, Roos D. Comparison between the chromate inhibition test and a cytochemical method for the determination of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in erythrocytes. Clin Chim Acta. 1989 May 15. 181 (2):135-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Adu-Gyasi D, Asante KP, Newton S, Dosoo D, Amoako S, et al. Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of CareStart G6PD deficiency Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) in a malaria endemic area in Ghana, Africa. PLoS One. 2015. 10 (4):e0125796. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Baird JK, Dewi M, Subekti D, Elyazar I, Satyagraha AW. Noninferiority of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency diagnosis by a point-of-care rapid test vs the laboratory fluorescent spot test demonstrated by copper inhibition in normal human red blood cells. Transl Res. 2015 Jun. 165 (6):677-88. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Pal S, Bansil P, Bancone G, Hrutkay S, Kahn M, Gornsawun G, et al. Evaluation of a Novel Quantitative Test for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Bringing Quantitative Testing for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Closer to the Patient. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Oct 22. 12 (4):e0006230. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

29. Devine A, Parmiter M, Chu CS, Bancone G, Nosten F, Price RN, et al. Using G6PD tests to enable the safe treatment of Plasmodium vivax infections with primaquine on the Thailand-Myanmar border: A cost-effectiveness analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 May. 11 (5):e0005602. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

30. Peixoto HM, Brito MA, Romero GA, Monteiro WM, de Lacerda MV, de Oliveira MR. Rapid diagnostic test for G6PD deficiency in Plasmodium vivax-infected men: a budget impact analysis based in Brazilian Amazon. Trop Med Int Health. 2017 Jan. 22 (1):21-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Mesner O, Hammerman C, Goldschmidt D, Rudensky B, Bader D, Kaplan M. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in male premature and term neonates. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2004 Nov. 89(6):F555-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

32. Samanta S, Kumar P, Kishore SS, Garewal G, Narang A. Donor blood glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency reduces the efficacy of exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics. 2009 Jan. 123(1):e96-e100. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Drugs that should be avoided - Official List. G6PD Deficiency Association. Available at https://www.g6pd.org/en/G6PDDeficiency/SafeUnsafe/DaEvitare_ISS-it. Accessed: July 19, 2021.

34. Marik PE. Is intravenous vitamin C contraindicated in patients with G6PD deficiency?. Crit Care. 2019 Apr 3. 23 (1):109. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

35. [Guideline] Maisels MJ, Bhutani VK, Bogen D, Newman TB, Stark AR, Watchko JF. Hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn infant > or =35 weeks' gestation: an update with clarifications. Pediatrics. 2009 Oct. 124 (4):1193-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Murki S, Dutta S, Narang A, Sarkar U, Garewal G. A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of prophylactic oral phenobarbital to reduce the need for phototherapy in G6PD-deficient neonates. J Perinatol. 2005 May. 25(5):325-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Bhutani VK, Poland R, Meloy LD, Hegyi T, Fanaroff AA, Maisels MJ. Clinical trial of tin mesoporphyrin to prevent neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. J Perinatol. 2016 Mar 3. 27 (9):884-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Manjurano A, Sepulveda N, Nadjm B, Mtove G, Wangai H, Maxwell C, et al. African glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase alleles associated with protection from severe malaria in heterozygous females in Tanzania. PLoS Genet. 2015 Feb. 11 (2):e1004960. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

39. Isa HM, Mohamed MS, Mohamed AM, Abdulla A, Abdulla F. Neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Korean J Pediatr. 2017 Apr. 60 (4):106-111. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

40. Olusanya BO, Osibanjo FB, Slusher TM. Risk factors for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015. 10 (2):e0117229. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

41. Luzzatto L, Nannelli C, Notaro R. Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2016 Apr. 30 (2):373-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

42. Yang Y, Li Z, Nan P, Zhang X. Drug-induced glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency-related hemolysis risk assessment. Comput Biol Chem. 2011 Jun. 35(3):189-92. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

43. Bancone G, Gornsawun G, Chu CS, Porn P, Pal S, Bansil P, et al. Validation of the quantitative point-of-care CareStart biosensor for assessment of G6PD activity in venous blood. PLoS One. 2018. 13 (5):e0196716. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

Srikanth Nagalla, MD, MS, FACP Chief of Benign Hematology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida; Clinical Professor of Medicine, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine

Srikanth Nagalla, MD, MS, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Hematology, Association of Specialty Professors

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: Alexion; Alnylam; Kedrion; Sanofi; Dova; Apellis; Pharmacosmos<br/>Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Sobi; Sanofi; Rigel.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Marcel E Conrad, MD Distinguished Professor of Medicine (Retired), University of South Alabama College of Medicine

Marcel E Conrad, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Association of Blood Banks, American Chemical Society, American College of Physicians, American Physiological Society, American Society for Clinical Investigation, American Society of Hematology, Association of American Physicians, Association of Military Surgeons of the US, International Society of Hematology, Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, SWOG

Disclosure: Partner received none from No financial interests for none.

Emmanuel C Besa, MD Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University

Emmanuel C Besa, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Education, American Society of Clinical Oncology, American College of Clinical Pharmacology, American Federation for Medical Research, American Society of Hematology, New York Academy of Sciences

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Karen Seiter, MD Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, New York Medical College

Karen Seiter, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Physicians, American Society of Hematology

Disclosure: Received honoraria from Novartis for speaking and teaching; Received consulting fee from Novartis for speaking and teaching; Received honoraria from Celgene for speaking and teaching.

Paul Schick, MD † Emeritus Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University; Research Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine; Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Lankenau Hospital

Paul Schick, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society of Hematology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Suzanne M Carter, MS Senior Genetic Counselor, Associate, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Genetics, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Suzanne M Carter, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American Bar Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose. Susan J Gross, MD, FRCS(C), FACOG, FACMG Codirector, Division of Reproduction Genetics, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Susan J Gross, MD, FRCS(C), FACOG, FACMG is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Medical Genetics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, American Medical Association, American Society of Human Genetics, and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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