Hairy Cell Leukemia Differential Diagnoses

1. Bouroncle BA, Wiseman BK, Doan CA. Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis. Blood. 1958 Jul. 13(7):609-30. [Medline]. [Full Text].

2. Cannon T, Mobarek D, Wegge J, Tabbara IA. Hairy cell leukemia: current concepts. Cancer Invest. 2008 Oct. 26(8):860-5. [Medline].

3. Arcaini L, Zibellini S, Boveri E, Riboni R, Rattotti S, Varettoni M, et al. The BRAF V600E mutation in hairy cell leukemia and other mature B-cell neoplasms. Blood. 2011 Nov 9. [Medline].

4. Zinzani PL, Magagnoli M, Bendandi M, et al. Long-term follow-up of hairy cell leukemia patients treated with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. Haematologica. 2000 Sep. 85(9):922-5. [Medline]. [Full Text].

5. Tiacci E, Trifonov V, Schiavoni G, Holmes A, Kern W, Martelli MP. BRAF mutations in hairy-cell leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2011 Jun 16. 364(24):2305-15. [Medline].

6. Tiacci E, Pettirossi V, Schiavoni G, Falini B. Genomics of Hairy Cell Leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Mar 20. 35 (9):1002-1010. [Medline]. [Full Text].

7. Orsi L, Delabre L, Monnereau A, et al. Occupational exposure to pesticides and lymphoid neoplasms among men: results of a French case-control study. Occup Environ Med. 2008 Nov 18. epub ahead of print. [Medline].

8. Teras LR, DeSantis CE, Cerhan JR, Morton LM, Jemal A, Flowers CR. 2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Sep 12. [Medline]. [Full Text].

9. Else M, Dearden CE, Matutes E, Garcia-Talavera J, Rohatiner AZ, Johnson SA. Long-term follow-up of 233 patients with hairy cell leukaemia, treated initially with pentostatin or cladribine, at a median of 16 years from diagnosis. Br J Haematol. 2009 Jun. 145(6):733-40. [Medline].

10. Getta BM, Woo KM, Devlin S, Park JH, Abdel-Wahab O, Saven A, et al. Treatment outcomes and secondary cancer incidence in young patients with hairy cell leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2016 Nov. 175 (3):402-409. [Medline]. [Full Text].

11. Au WY, Klasa RJ, Gallagher R, et al. Second malignancies in patients with hairy cell leukemia in british columbia: a 20-year experience. Blood. 1998 Aug 15. 92(4):1160-4. [Medline]. [Full Text].

12. Kurzrock R, Strom SS, Estey E, et al. Second cancer risk in hairy cell leukemia: analysis of 350 patients. J Clin Oncol. 1997 May. 15(5):1803-10. [Medline].

13. Troussard X, Cornet E. Hairy cell leukemia 2018: Update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and treatment. Am J Hematol. 2017 Dec. 92 (12):1382-1390. [Medline]. [Full Text].

14. Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, et al. The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 2016 May 19. 127 (20):2375-90. [Medline]. [Full Text].

15. [Guideline] National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Guidelines: Hairy Cell Leukemia, Version 2.2018. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Available at https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/hairy_cell.pdf. September 26, 2017; Accessed: February 25, 2018.

16. [Guideline] Robak T, Matutes E, Catovsky D, Zinzani PL, Buske C, ESMO Guidelines Committee. Hairy cell leukaemia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2015 Sep. 26 Suppl 5:v100-7. [Medline]. [Full Text].

17. [Guideline] Grever MR, Abdel-Wahab O, Andritsos LA, et al. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia. Blood. 2017 Feb 2. 129 (5):553-560. [Medline]. [Full Text].

18. Arcaini L, Zibellini S, Boveri E, et al. The BRAF V600E mutation in hairy cell leukemia and other mature B-cell neoplasms. Blood. 2012 Jan 5. 119(1):188-91. [Medline].

19. Taylor J, Xiao W, Abdel-Wahab O. Diagnosis and classification of hematologic malignancies on the basis of genetics. Blood. 2017 Jul 27. 130 (4):410-423. [Medline]. [Full Text].

20. Tiacci E, Schiavoni G, Forconi F, et al. Simple genetic diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia by sensitive detection of the BRAF-V600E mutation. Blood. 2012 Jan 5. 119(1):192-5. [Medline].

21. Durham BH, Getta B, Dietrich S, Taylor J, Won H, Bogenberger JM, et al. Genomic analysis of hairy cell leukemia identifies novel recurrent genetic alterations. Blood. 2017 Oct 5. 130 (14):1644-1648. [Medline]. [Full Text].

22. Grever MR. How I treat hairy cell leukemia. Blood. 2010 Jan 7. 115(1):21-8. [Medline].

23. Madanat YF, Rybicki L, Radivoyevitch T, Jagadeesh D, Dean R, Pohlman B, et al. Long-Term Outcomes of Hairy Cell Leukemia Treated With Purine Analogs: A Comparison With the General Population. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2017 Dec. 17 (12):857-862. [Medline].

24. Piro LD, Carrera CJ, Carson DA, Beutler E. Lasting remissions in hairy-cell leukemia induced by a single infusion of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. N Engl J Med. 1990 Apr 19. 322(16):1117-21. [Medline].

25. Jehn U, Bartl R, Dietzfelbinger H, Haferlach T, Heinemann V. An update: 12-year follow-up of patients with hairy cell leukemia following treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. Leukemia. 2004 Sep. 18(9):1476-81. [Medline].

26. Saven A, Burian C, Adusumalli J, Koziol JA. Filgrastim for cladribine-induced neutropenic fever in patients with hairy cell leukemia. Blood. 1999 Apr 15. 93(8):2471-7. [Medline].

27. Habermann TM, Andersen JW, Cassileth PA, Bennett JM, Oken MM. Sequential administration of recombinant interferon alpha and deoxycoformycin in the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 1992 Apr. 80(4):466-71. [Medline].

28. Piro LD, Carrera CJ, Carson DA, Beutler E. Lasting remissions in hairy-cell leukemia induced by a single infusion of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. N Engl J Med. 1990 Apr 19. 322(16):1117-21. [Medline].

29. Goodman GR, Burian C, Koziol JA, Saven A. Extended follow-up of patients with hairy cell leukemia after treatment with cladribine. J Clin Oncol. 2003 Mar 1. 21(5):891-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].

30. Ganzel C, Gatt ME, Maly A, Ben-Yehuda D, Goldschmidt N. High incidence of skin rash in patients with hairy cell leukemia treated with cladribine. Leuk Lymphoma. 2011 Oct 31. [Medline].

31. Chadha P, Rademaker AW, Mendiratta P, et al. Treatment of hairy cell leukemia with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA): long-term follow-up of the Northwestern University experience. Blood. 2005 Jul 1. 106(1):241-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].

32. Ravandi F, Jorgensen JL, O'Brien SM, et al. Eradication of minimal residual disease in hairy cell leukemia. Blood. 2006 Jun 15. 107(12):4658-62. [Medline]. [Full Text].

33. Kreitman RJ, Arons E, Stetler-Stevenson M, Fitzgerald DJ, Wilson WH, Pastan I. Recombinant immunotoxins and other therapies for relapsed/refractory hairy cell leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2011 Jun. 52 Suppl 2:82-6. [Medline].

34. Flinn IW, Kopecky KJ, Foucar MK, et al. Long-term follow-up of remission duration, mortality, and second malignancies in hairy cell leukemia patients treated with pentostatin. Blood. 2000 Nov 1. 96(9):2981-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].

35. Kreitman RJ, Dearden C, Zinzani PL, Delgado J, Karlin L, Robak T, et al. Moxetumomab pasudotox in relapsed/refractory hairy cell leukemia. Leukemia. 2018 Aug. 32 (8):1768-1777. [Medline]. [Full Text].

36. Kreitman RJ, Fitzgerald DJ, Pastan I. Approach to the patient after relapse of hairy cell leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2009 Oct. 50 Suppl 1:32-7. [Medline].

37. Tiacci E, Park JH, De Carolis L, et al. Targeting Mutant BRAF in Relapsed or Refractory Hairy-Cell Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2015 Oct 29. 373 (18):1733-47. [Medline].

Emmanuel C Besa, MD Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University

Emmanuel C Besa, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Education, American Society of Clinical Oncology, American College of Clinical Pharmacology, American Federation for Medical Research, American Society of Hematology, New York Academy of Sciences

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Koyamangalath Krishnan, MD, FRCP, FACP Dishner Endowed Chair of Excellence in Medicine, Professor of Medicine, James H Quillen College of Medicine at East Tennessee State University

Koyamangalath Krishnan, MD, FRCP, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Society of Hematology, Royal College of Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article