Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Staging

Two staging systems are commonly used for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The French-American-British (FAB) classification system is based on morphology to define specific immunotypes. The World Health Organization (WHO) classification reviews chromosome translocations and evidence of dysplasia. ^[1]

Table. FAB classification of AML (Open Table in a new window)

WHO classification of AML and related neoplasms

AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities ^{[2, 3]} :

• AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22); RUNX1-RUNX1T1
• AML with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11
• APL with PML-RARA  (Acute promyelocytic leukemia with promyelocytic leukemia–retinoic acid receptor alpha) 
• AML with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A
• AML with t(6;9)(p23;q34.1); DEK-NUP214
• AML with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2); GATA2, MECOM
• AML (megakaryoblastic) with t(1;22)(p13.3;q13.3); RBM15-MKL1
• Provisional entity: AML with BCR-ABL1
• AML with mutated NPM1
• AML with biallelic mutations of CEBPA
• Provisional entity: AML with mutated RUNX1
• AML with myelodysplasia-related changes
• Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms

AML, not otherwise specified (NOS):

• AML with minimal differentiation
• AML without maturation
• AML with maturation
• Acute myelomonocytic leukemia
• Acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia
• Pure erythroid leukemia
• Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
• Acute basophilic leukemia
• Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis

Myeloid sarcoma

Myeloid proliferations related to Down syndrome:

• Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM)
• Myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm