Refaat MM, Ballout J, Mansour M. Ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with congenital heart disease. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2017 Dec. 6 (4):191-4. [Medline].
Maury P, Sacher F, Rollin A, et al. Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death in tetralogy of Fallot. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 May. 110 (5):354-62. [Medline].
Fraser CD, Bacha EA, Comas J, Sano S, Sarris GE, Tsang VT. Tetralogy of Fallot. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015 Summer. 27 (2):189-204. [Medline].
Bhardwaj V, Kapoor PM, Irpachi K, Ladha S, Chowdhury UK. Basic arterial blood gas biomarkers as a predictor of mortality in tetralogy of Fallot patients. Ann Card Anaesth. 2017 Jan-Mar. 20 (1):67-71. [Medline].
Boechat MI, Ratib O, Williams PL, Gomes AS, Child JS, Allada V. Cardiac MR imaging and MR angiography for assessment of complex tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary atresia. Radiographics. 2005 Nov-Dec. 25(6):1535-46. [Medline].
Gabriele B, Maurizio B, Marco B. Does pharmacological therapy still play a role in preventing sudden death in surgically treated tetralogy of Fallot?. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2018. 18 (6):490-4. [Medline].
Faccini A, Micheletti A, Negura DG, et al. Heart failure in grown-up congenital heart disease. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2018 Jun. 66 (3):329-36. [Medline].
Anderson RH, Weinberg PM. The clinical anatomy of tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiol Young. 2005 Feb. 15 Suppl 1:38-47. [Medline].
Sarris GE. Tetralogy surgery - back to Baltimore 70 years later: Melbourne Heritage and Group tribute to Juan Comas. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 2017 Jan. 20:84-8. [Medline].
Karl TR, Stocker C. Tetralogy of fallot and its variants. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 Aug. 17 (8 suppl 1):S330-6. [Medline].
Marinho C, Alho I, Guerra A, Rego C, Areias J, Bicho M. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene variant (C677T) as a susceptibility gene for tetralogy of Fallot. Rev Port Cardiol. 2009 Jul-Aug. 28(7-8):809-12. [Medline].
Lee CN, Su YN, Cheng WF, et al. Association of the C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation with congenital heart diseases. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2005 Dec. 84(12):1134-40. [Medline].
Li X, Liu CL, Li XX, Li QC, Ma LM, Liu GL. VEGF gene polymorphisms are associated with risk of tetralogy of Fallot. Med Sci Monit. 2015 Nov 12. 21:3474-82. [Medline].
Anabtawi A, Mondragon J, Dodendorf D, Laskey WK. Late-stage left ventricular dysfunction in adult survivors of tetralogy of Fallot repair in childhood. Open Heart. 2017. 4 (2):e000690. [Medline].
Wu MH, Lu CW, Chen HC, Kao FY, Huang SK. Adult congenital heart disease in a nationwide population 2000-2014: epidemiological trends, arrhythmia, and standardized mortality ratio. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Feb 8. 7 (4):[Medline].
Dennis M, Moore B, Kotchetkova I, Pressley L, Cordina R, Celermajer DS. Adults with repaired tetralogy: low mortality but high morbidity up to middle age. Open Heart. 2017. 4 (1):e000564. [Medline].
Rauch R, Hofbeck M, Zweier C, et al. Comprehensive genotype-phenotype analysis in 230 patients with tetralogy of Fallot. J Med Genet. 2010 May. 47(5):321-31. [Medline].
Pillutla P, Shetty KD, Foster E. Mortality associated with adult congenital heart disease: trends in the US population from 1979 to 2005. Am Heart J. 2009 Nov. 158(5):874-9. [Medline].
Diller GP, Kempny A, Liodakis E, et al. Left ventricular longitudinal function predicts life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia and death in adults with repaired tetralogy of fallot. Circulation. 2012 May 22. 125(20):2440-6. [Medline].
Chiu SN, Wu MH, Su MJ, et al. Coexisting mutations/polymorphisms of the long QT syndrome genes in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot are associated with the risks of life-threatening events. Hum Genet. 2012 Aug. 131(8):1295-304. [Medline].
Dluzniewska N, Podolec P, Miszalski-Jamka T, et al. Effect of ventricular function and volumes on exercise capacity in adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. Indian Heart J. 2018 Jan - Feb. 70 (1):87-92. [Medline].
Vehmeijer JT, Koyak Z, Bokma JP, et al. Sudden cardiac death in adults with congenital heart disease: does QRS-complex fragmentation discriminate in structurally abnormal hearts?. Europace. 2018 Jun 1. 20 (FI1):f122-8. [Medline].
Gaydos SS, Varga-Szemes A, Judd RN, Suranyi P, Gregg D. Imaging in adult congenital heart disease. J Thorac Imaging. 2017 Jul. 32 (4):205-16. [Medline].
Bokma JP, de Wilde KC, Vliegen HW, et al. Value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in noninvasive risk stratification in tetralogy of Fallot. JAMA Cardiol. 2017 Jun 1. 2 (6):678-83. [Medline].
Scalone G, Gomez-Monterrosas O, Fiszer R, Szkutnik M, Galeczka M, Bialkowski J. Combined strategy of Waterston shunt percutaneous occlusion and medical treatment with sildenafil for management of pulmonary hypertension in an adult patient with corrected tetralogy of Fallot. Postepy Kardiol Interwencyjnej. 2017. 13 (3):277-8. [Medline].
McRae ME, Coleman B, Atz TW, Kelechi TJ. Patient outcomes after transcatheter and surgical pulmonary valve replacement for pulmonary regurgitation in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: A quasi-meta-analysis. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017 Aug. 16 (6):539-53. [Medline].
Bhagra CJ, Hickey EJ, Van De Bruaene A, Roche SL, Horlick EM, Wald RM. Pulmonary valve procedures late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: current perspectives and contemporary approaches to management. Can J Cardiol. 2017 Sep. 33 (9):1138-49. [Medline].
Pragt H, van Melle JP, Javadikasgari H, et al. Mechanical valves in the pulmonary position: an international retrospective analysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Oct. 154 (4):1371-8.e1. [Medline].
Therrien J, Marx GR, Gatzoulis MA. Late problems in tetralogy of Fallot--recognition, management, and prevention. Cardiol Clin. 2002 Aug. 20 (3):395-404. [Medline].
Ezzat VA, Ryan MJ, O'Leary J, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of atrial tachyarrhythmias in adults with tetralogy of Fallot - predictors of success and outcome. Cardiol Young. 2017 Mar. 27 (2):284-93. [Medline].
Davidson J, Tong S, Hancock H, Hauck A, da Cruz E, Kaufman J. Prospective validation of the vasoactive-inotropic score and correlation to short-term outcomes in neonates and infants after cardiothoracic surgery. Intensive Care Med. 2012 Jul. 38(7):1184-90. [Medline].
Menting ME, van den Bosch AE, McGhie JS, et al. Assessment of ventricular function in adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot using myocardial deformation imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Dec. 16(12):1347-57. [Medline].
Lindsey CW, Parks WJ, Kogon BE, Sallee D 3rd, Mahle WT. Pulmonary valve replacement after tetralogy of Fallot repair in preadolescent patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Jan. 89(1):147-51. [Medline].
Bokma JP, Geva T, Sleeper LA, et al. A propensity score-adjusted analysis of clinical outcomes after pulmonary valve replacement in tetralogy of Fallot. Heart. 2018 May. 104 (9):738-44. [Medline].
Heng EL, Gatzoulis MA, Uebing A, et al. Immediate and midterm cardiac remodeling after surgical pulmonary Vvalve replacement in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a prospective cardiovascular magnetic resonance and clinical study. Circulation. 2017 Oct 31. 136 (18):1703-13. [Medline].
Mitropoulos FM, Kanakis MA, Ntellos C, et al. Pulmonary valve replacement in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2017. 9 (2):71-7. [Medline].
Caruana M, Grech V. A first population-based long-term outcome study in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot in Malta. Congenit Heart Dis. 2017 May. 12 (3):301-8. [Medline].
Kanter KR, Kogon BE, Kirshbom PM, Carlock PR. Symptomatic neonatal tetralogy of Fallot: repair or shunt?. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Mar. 89(3):858-63. [Medline].
Tsang FH, Li X, Cheung YF, Chau KT, Cheng LC. Pulmonary valve replacement after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Hong Kong Med J. 2010 Feb. 16(1):26-30. [Medline].
Alkashkari W, Alsubei A, Hijazi ZM. Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement: current state of art. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2018 Mar 15. 20 (4):27. [Medline].
Jones MI, Qureshi SA. Recent advances in transcatheter management of pulmonary regurgitation after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot. F1000Res. 2018. 7:[Medline].
Plessis J, Hascoet S, Baruteau A, et al. Edwards SAPIEN transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation: results from a French registry. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2018 Oct 8. 11 (19):1909-16. [Medline].
[Guideline] Cotts TB. 2018 AHA/ACC guideline for adults with congenital heart disease. American College of Cardiology. Available at https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/ten-points-to-remember/2018/08/13/16/26/2018-aha-acc-guideline-for-the-management-of-achd. August 16, 2018; Accessed: October 25, 2018.
Senzaki H, Ishido H, Iwamoto Y, et al. Sedation of hypercyanotic spells in a neonate with tetralogy of Fallot using dexmedetomidine. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008 Jul-Aug. 84(4):377-80. [Medline].
Rodan L, McCrindle BW, Manlhiot C, et al. Stroke recurrence in children with congenital heart disease. Ann Neurol. 2012 Jul. 72(1):103-11. [Medline].
Tanel RE. ECGs in the ED. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007 Jun. 23(6):428-9. [Medline].
[Guideline] Witte KK, Pepper CB, Cowan JC, Thomson JD, English KM, Blackburn ME. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in adult patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Europace. 2008 Aug. 10(8):926-30. [Medline].
Khairy P, Harris L, Landzberg MJ, et al. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in tetralogy of Fallot. Circulation. 2008 Jan 22. 117(3):363-70. [Medline].
Chrysostomou C, Sanchez De Toledo J, Avolio T, et al. Dexmedetomidine use in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit: can we use it in infants after cardiac surgery?. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009 Nov. 10(6):654-60. [Medline].
Shepard SM, Tejman-Yarden S, Khanna S, Davis CK, Batra AS. Dexmedetomidine-related atrial standstill and loss of capture in a pediatric patient after congenital heart surgery. Crit Care Med. 2011 Jan. 39(1):187-9. [Medline].
Al Habib HF, Jacobs JP, Mavroudis C, et al. Contemporary patterns of management of tetralogy of Fallot: data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010 Sep. 90(3):813-9; discussion 819-20. [Medline].
Gustafson RA, Murray GF, Warden HE, Hill RC, Rozar GE Jr. Early primary repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Ann Thorac Surg. 1988 Mar. 45(3):235-41. [Medline].
Park CS, Lee JR, Lim HG, Kim WH, Kim YJ. The long-term result of total repair for tetralogy of Fallot. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010 Sep. 38(3):311-7. [Medline].
Robinson JD, Rathod RH, Brown DW, et al. The evolving role of intraoperative balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in valve-sparing repair of tetralogy of Fallot. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011 Dec. 142(6):1367-73. [Medline].
Pacifico AD, Kirklin JK, Colvin EV, McConnell ME, Kirklin JW. Transatrial-transpulmonary repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1990 Jan. 2(1):76-82. [Medline].
Yao Q, Hu XH, Shen QL, et al. Differential effect of the ratio of right ventricular volume to left ventricular volume in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiology. 2016. 133(3):135-40. [Medline].
Aboulhosn J, Child JS. Management after childhood repair of tetralogy of fallot. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2006 Dec. 8(6):474-83. [Medline].
Devore GR, Polanko B. Tomographic ultrasound imaging of the fetal heart: a new technique for identifying normal and abnormal cardiac anatomy. J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Dec. 24(12):1685-96. [Medline].
Duro RP, Moura C, Leite-Moreira A. Anatomophysiologic basis of tetralogy of Fallot and its clinical implications. Rev Port Cardiol. 2010 Apr. 29(4):591-630. [Medline].
Fox D, Devendra GP, Hart SA, Krasuski RA. When 'blue babies' grow up: What you need to know about tetralogy of Fallot. Cleve Clin J Med. 2010 Nov. 77 (11):821-8. [Medline].
He GW. Current strategy of repair of tetralogy of Fallot in children and adults: emphasis on a new technique to create a monocusp-patch for reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract. J Card Surg. 2008 Nov-Dec. 23 (6):592-9. [Medline].
Horer J, Friebe J, Schreiber C, et al. Correction of tetralogy of Fallot and of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect in adults. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005 Dec. 80 (6):2285-91. [Medline].
Hovels-Gurich HH, Konrad K, Skorzenski D, et al. Long-term behavior and quality of life after corrective cardiac surgery in infancy for tetralogy of Fallot or ventricular septal defect. Pediatr Cardiol. 2007 Sep-Oct. 28 (5):346-54. [Medline].
Kantorova A, Zbieranek K, Sauer H, Lilje C, Haun C, Hraska V. Primary early correction of tetralogy of Fallot irrespective of age. Cardiol Young. 2008 Apr. 18 (2):153-7. [Medline].
Laidman J. Fluconazole linked to increased risk for rare birth defect. Medscape Medical News from WebMD. August 28, 2013. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/810149. Accessed: September 5, 2013.
Miatton M, De Wolf D, François K, Thiery E, Vingerhoets G. Intellectual, neuropsychological, and behavioral functioning in children with tetralogy of Fallot. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007 Feb. 133 (2):449-55. [Medline].
Molgaard-Nielsen D, Pasternak B, Hviid A. Use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med. 2013 Aug 29. 369 (9):830-9. [Medline].
Patel CR, Agamanolis DP, Stewart JW. Prenatal diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot with obstructed supracardiac totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection. Cardiol Young. 2005 Dec. 15 (6):656-9. [Medline].
Redington AN. Determinants and assessment of pulmonary regurgitation in tetralogy of Fallot: practice and pitfalls. Cardiol Clin. 2006 Nov. 24 (4):631-9, vii. [Medline].
Sakamoto T, Nagase Y, Hasegawa H, Shin'oka T, Tomimatsu H, Kurosawa H. One-stage intracardiac repair in combination with external stenting of the trachea and right bronchus for tetralogy of Fallot with an absent pulmonary valve and tracheobronchomalacia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Dec. 130 (6):1717-8. [Medline].
Srivastava S, Salem Y, Chatterjee S, et al. Echocardiographic myocardial deformation evaluation of right ventricular function in comparison with CMRI in repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a cross-sectional and longitudinal validation study. Echocardiography. 2013 Feb. 30 (2):196-202. [Medline].
Starr JP. Tetralogy of Fallot: yesterday and today. World J Surg. 2010 Apr. 34 (4):658-68. [Medline].
Aguayo-Gomez A, Arteaga-Vazquez J, Svyryd Y, et al. Identification of copy number variations in isolated tetralogy of Fallot. Pediatr Cardiol. 2015 Dec. 36 (8):1642-6. [Medline].
Shahanavaz S, Qureshi AM, Levi DS, et al. Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement with the Melody valve in small diameter expandable right ventricular outflow tract conduits. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2018 Mar 26. 11 (6):554-64. [Medline].
Naidu P, Grigg L, Zentner D. Mortality in adults with congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiol. 2017 Oct 15. 245:125-30. [Medline].
Apostolopoulou SC, Vagenakis G, Rammos S. Pulmonary vasodilator therapy in tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia and major aortopulmonary collaterals: case series and review of literature. Cardiol Young. 2017 Nov. 27 (9):1861-4. [Medline].
[Guideline] Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Aug 10. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Kwak JG, Kim WH, Kim ER, Lim JH, Min J. One-year follow-up after tetralogy of Fallot total repair preserving pulmonary valve and avoiding right ventriculotomy. Circ J. 2018 Oct 5. [Medline].