DDx
Diagnostic Considerations
The diagnosis of Mondini deformity is confirmed with radiographs that demonstrate a cystic cochlear apex, minimal dilation of the vestibule, and an enlarged vestibular aqueduct. While most patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss have incomplete partitioning, other etiologies to consider include the following:
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Labyrinthine aplasia
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Cochlear aplasia
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Common cavity
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Other types of Incomplete partitioning
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Cochlear hypoplasia
Media Gallery
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Schematic representation of the normal cochlea and cochlear malformations. A: normal cochlea, mid-modiolar section; Mo = modiolus, CA = cochlear aperture, B = basal turn, M = middle turn, A = apical turn, arrowheads = interscalar septa. B: Normal cochlea, inferior section passing through the round window niche (RWN); arrowhead = interscalar septum between middle and apical turns. C: Cochlear aplasia with normal vestibule. D: Cochlear aplasia with enlarged vestibule. E: Common cavity. F: Incomplete partition type I. G: Incomplete partition type II. H: Incomplete partition type III. I: Cochlear hypoplasia, bud type (type I). J: Cochlear hypoplasia, cystic cochlea type (type II). K: Cochlear hypoplasia, with less than 2 turns (type III).
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Incomplete partition anomalies of the cochlea. A and B: Incomplete partitions. Cochlea (C), without the modiolus and interscalar septa, resembles an empty cystic structure (A) and is accompanied by dilated vestibule (v) (B). C and D: Incomplete partition type II. The apical part of the modiolus and the corresponding interscalar septa are defective (black arrow), giving the apex of the cochlea a cystic appearance due to the confluence of middle and apical turns (C). This is accompanied by minimally dilated vestibule (v) and large vestibular aqueduct (white arrow). E: Incomplete partition type III. Cochlea has interscalar septa (black arrow), but the modiolus is completely absent. Published by Cochlear Implants International.
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