Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Questions & Answers

Updated: Jan 03, 2022
  • Author: Alice K Rutatangwa, DO, MSc; Chief Editor: Stephen L Nelson, Jr, MD, PhD, FAACPDM, FAAN, FAAP, FANA  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

How is pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) defined?

What is the pathophysiology of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What causes pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the prevalence of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the prognosis of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Presentation

Which clinical history findings are characteristic of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

DDX

How is pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) differentiated from acquired demyelinating disorders of the CNS?

Which conditions are included in the differential diagnoses of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Workup

What is the role of lab tests in the workup of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of imaging studies in the workup of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the stepped approach to evaluation of white matter changes in the workup of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

How is visual acuity assessed in the workup of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of visual evoked potentials in the workup of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of OCT in the workup of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Treatment

What is the role of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the efficacy of fingolimod in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of teriflunomide and dimethyl fumarate in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of interferon-beta therapy in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of glatiramer acetate therapy in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

What is the role of immunomodulatory and cytotoxic therapies in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

How are the symptoms of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) treated?

How is spasticity in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) treated?

How is fatigue in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) treated?

How is bladder dysfunction in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) treated?

How is constipation in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) treated?

Medications

Which medications are used in the treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Which medications in the drug class Immunomodulators are used in the treatment of Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis?

Which medications in the drug class Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators are used in the treatment of Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis?