Examination of Low Back Pain Questions & Answers

1. Deyo RA, Mirza SK, Martin BI. Back pain prevalence and visit rates: estimates from U.S. national surveys, 2002. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Nov 1. 31 (23):2724-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

2. Hoy D, March L, Brooks P, Blyth F, Woolf A, Bain C, et al. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Jun. 73 (6):968-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

3. Casazza BA. Diagnosis and treatment of acute low back pain. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Feb 15. 85(4):343-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Oct 2. 147(7):478-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Last AR, Hulbert K. Chronic low back pain: evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2009 Jun 15. 79(12):1067-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Bruno PA, Millar DP, Goertzen DA. Inter-rater agreement, sensitivity, and specificity of the prone hip extension test and active straight leg raise test. Chiropr Man Therap. 2014. 22:23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

7. van der Windt DA, Simons E, Riphagen II, et al. Physical examination for lumbar radiculopathy due to disc herniation in patients with low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Feb 17. CD007431. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Joshi KC, Eapen C, Kumar SP. Normal sensory and range of motion (ROM) responses during Thoracic Slump Test (ST) in asymptomatic subjects. J Man Manip Ther. 2013 Feb. 21(1):24-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

9. Nadler SF, Malanga GA, Stitik TP, Keswani R, Foye PM. The crossed femoral nerve stretch test to improve diagnostic sensitivity for the high lumbar radiculopathy: 2 case reports. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Apr. 82(4):522-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Masci L, Pike J, Malara F, Phillips B, Bennell K, Brukner P. Use of the one-legged hyperextension test and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of active spondylolysis. Br J Sports Med. 2006 Nov. 40(11):940-6; discussion 946. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

11. Ozgocmen S, Bozgeyik Z, Kalcik M, Yildirim A. The value of sacroiliac pain provocation tests in early active sacroiliitis. Clin Rheumatol. 2008 Oct. 27(10):1275-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Magee DJ. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 2nd Edition. WB Saunders Company: Philadelphia; 1992. 247-307.

Bradley J Sandella, DO, ATC Assistant Professor, Assistant Program Director, Sports Medicine Fellowship Program, Physician in Sports Medicine/Family Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine

Bradley J Sandella, DO, ATC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, American Osteopathic Association, National Athletic Trainers' Association, American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Christof J Daetwyler, MD Associate Professor of Family, Community, and Preventive Medicine, Office of Educational Affairs, Drexel University College of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Steven Peitzman, MD Professor of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Vinod K Panchbhavi, MD, FACS, FAOA, FABOS, FAAOS Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Chief, Division of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Director, Foot and Ankle Fellowship Program, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine

Vinod K Panchbhavi, MD, FACS, FAOA, FABOS, FAAOS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, American Orthopaedic Association, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, Orthopaedic Trauma Association, Texas Orthopaedic Association

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a speaker or a member of a speakers bureau for: Styker.

Videos are courtesy of Drexel University College of Medicine; Christof J Daetwyler, MD, Associate Professor of Family Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine; and Steven J Peitzman, MD, Professor, General Internal Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article