Fetal Surgery for Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation Medication

1. Adzick NS. Management of fetal lung lesions. Clin Perinatol. 2009 Jun. 36 (2):363-76, x. [Medline].

2. Shanti CM, Klein MD. Cystic lung disease. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2008 Feb. 17 (1):2-8. [Medline].

3. Adzick NS, Harrison MR, Crombleholme TM, Flake AW, Howell LJ. Fetal lung lesions: management and outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998 Oct. 179 (4):884-9. [Medline].

4. Curran PF, Jelin EB, Rand L, Hirose S, Feldstein VA, Goldstein RB, et al. Prenatal steroids for microcystic congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations. J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Jan. 45 (1):145-50. [Medline].

5. Ankermann T, Oppermann HC, Engler S, Leuschner I, Von Kaisenberg CS. Congenital masses of the lung, cystic adenomatoid malformation versus congenital lobar emphysema: prenatal diagnosis and implications for postnatal treatment. J Ultrasound Med. 2004 Oct. 23 (10):1379-84. [Medline].

6. Cass DL, Crombleholme TM, Howell LJ, Stafford PW, Ruchelli ED, Adzick NS. Cystic lung lesions with systemic arterial blood supply: a hybrid of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and bronchopulmonary sequestration. J Pediatr Surg. 1997 Jul. 32 (7):986-90. [Medline].

7. Maas KL, Feldstein VA, Goldstein RB, Filly RA. Sonographic detection of bilateral fetal chest masses: report of three cases. J Ultrasound Med. 1997 Oct. 16 (10):647-52. [Medline].

8. De Santis M, Masini L, Noia G, Cavaliere AF, Oliva N, Caruso A. Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung: antenatal ultrasound findings and fetal-neonatal outcome. Fifteen years of experience. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2000 Jul-Aug. 15 (4):246-50. [Medline].

9. Taguchi T, Suita S, Yamanouchi T, Nagano M, Satoh S, Koyanagi T, et al. Antenatal diagnosis and surgical management of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung. Fetal Diagn Ther. 1995 Nov-Dec. 10 (6):400-7. [Medline].

10. Harrison MR, Bjordal RI, Langmark F, Knutrud O. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: the hidden mortality. J Pediatr Surg. 1978 Jun. 13 (3):227-30. [Medline].

11. Kunisaki SM, Fauza DO, Nemes LP, Barnewolt CE, Estroff JA, Kozakewich HP, et al. Bronchial atresia: the hidden pathology within a spectrum of prenatally diagnosed lung masses. J Pediatr Surg. 2006 Jan. 41 (1):61-5; discussion 61-5. [Medline].

12. Cass DL, Quinn TM, Yang EY, Liechty KW, Crombleholme TM, Flake AW, et al. Increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis characterize congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung. J Pediatr Surg. 1998 Jul. 33 (7):1043-6; discussion 1047. [Medline].

13. Fromont-Hankard G, Philippe-Chomette P, Delezoide AL, Nessmann C, Aigrain Y, Peuchmaur M. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor expression in normal human lung and congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002 Apr. 126 (4):432-6. [Medline].

14. Wilson RD, Hedrick HL, Liechty KW, Flake AW, Johnson MP, Bebbington M, et al. Cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung: review of genetics, prenatal diagnosis, and in utero treatment. Am J Med Genet A. 2006 Jan 15. 140 (2):151-5. [Medline].

15. Lau CT, Kan A, Shek N, Tam P, Wong KK. Is congenital pulmonary airway malformation really a rare disease? Result of a prospective registry with universal antenatal screening program. Pediatr Surg Int. 2017 Jan. 33 (1):105-108. [Medline].

16. Kunisaki SM, Barnewolt CE, Estroff JA, Ward VL, Nemes LP, Fauza DO, et al. Large fetal congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations: growth trends and patient survival. J Pediatr Surg. 2007 Feb. 42 (2):404-10. [Medline].

17. Kunisaki SM, Fauza DO, Barnewolt CE, Estroff JA, Myers LB, Bulich LA, et al. Ex utero intrapartum treatment with placement on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for fetal thoracic masses. J Pediatr Surg. 2007 Feb. 42 (2):420-5. [Medline].

18. Saltzman DH, Adzick NS, Benacerraf BR. Fetal cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung: apparent improvement in utero. Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Jun. 71 (6 Pt 2):1000-2. [Medline].

19. MacGillivray TE, Harrison MR, Goldstein RB, Adzick NS. Disappearing fetal lung lesions. J Pediatr Surg. 1993 Oct. 28 (10):1321-4; discussion 1324-5. [Medline].

20. Cavoretto P, Molina F, Poggi S, Davenport M, Nicolaides KH. Prenatal diagnosis and outcome of echogenic fetal lung lesions. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Nov. 32 (6):769-83. [Medline].

21. Crombleholme TM, Coleman B, Hedrick H, Liechty K, Howell L, Flake AW, et al. Cystic adenomatoid malformation volume ratio predicts outcome in prenatally diagnosed cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung. J Pediatr Surg. 2002 Mar. 37 (3):331-8. [Medline].

22. Hellmund A, Berg C, Geipel A, Bludau M, Heydweiller A, Bachour H, et al. Prenatal Diagnosis and Evaluation of Sonographic Predictors for Intervention and Adverse Outcome in Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation. PLoS One. 2016. 11 (3):e0150474. [Medline]. [Full Text].

23. Wilson RD. In utero therapy for fetal thoracic abnormalities. Prenat Diagn. 2008 Jul. 28 (7):619-25. [Medline].

24. Illanes S, Hunter A, Evans M, Cusick E, Soothill P. Prenatal diagnosis of echogenic lung: evolution and outcome. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2005 Aug. 26 (2):145-9. [Medline].

25. Loh KC, Jelin E, Hirose S, Feldstein V, Goldstein R, Lee H. Microcystic congenital pulmonary airway malformation with hydrops fetalis: steroids vs open fetal resection. J Pediatr Surg. 2012 Jan. 47 (1):36-9. [Medline].

26. Bence CM, Wagner AJ. Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedures. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2019 Aug. 28 (4):150820. [Medline].

27. Peranteau WH, Adzick NS, Boelig MM, Flake AW, Hedrick HL, Howell LJ, et al. Thoracoamniotic shunts for the management of fetal lung lesions and pleural effusions: a single-institution review and predictors of survival in 75 cases. J Pediatr Surg. 2015 Feb. 50 (2):301-5. [Medline].

28. Hirose S, Farmer DL, Lee H, Nobuhara KK, Harrison MR. The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure: Looking back at the EXIT. J Pediatr Surg. 2004 Mar. 39 (3):375-80; discussion 375-80. [Medline].

29. Tsao K, Hawgood S, Vu L, Hirose S, Sydorak R, Albanese CT, et al. Resolution of hydrops fetalis in congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation after prenatal steroid therapy. J Pediatr Surg. 2003 Mar. 38 (3):508-10. [Medline].

30. Azizkhan RG, Crombleholme TM. Congenital cystic lung disease: contemporary antenatal and postnatal management. Pediatr Surg Int. 2008 Jun. 24 (6):643-57. [Medline].

31. Merchant AM, Peranteau W, Wilson RD, Johnson MP, Bebbington MW, Hedrick HL, et al. Postnatal chest wall deformities after fetal thoracoamniotic shunting for congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2007. 22 (6):435-9. [Medline].

Eric Bradley Jelin, MD Assistant Professor of Surgery, Assistant Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Director, Fetal Program, Johns Hopkins Children’s Center

Eric Bradley Jelin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Surgeons, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Association for Academic Surgery, International Fetal Medicine and Surgery Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Angie Child Jelin, MD Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Hospital

Angie Child Jelin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Society for Reproductive Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Hanmin Lee, MD Professor of Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Director, Fetal Treatment Center, Michael R Harrison, MD, Endowed Chair in Fetal Surgery, Surgeon-in-Chief, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital

Hanmin Lee, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Surgeons, American Pediatric Surgical Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons, Society of University Surgeons, International Pediatric Endosurgery Group

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article