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Chinelo N Animalu, MD, MPH, FIDSA Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine; Physician, Department of Infectious Disease, University of Tennessee Methodist Physicians (UTMP), Methodist University Hospital

Chinelo N Animalu, MD, MPH, FIDSA is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Memphis Medical Society, Tennessee Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Joseph F John, Jr, MD, FACP, FIDSA, FSHEA Clinical Professor of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Medical University of South Carolina College of Medicine; Associate Chief of Staff for Education, Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Joseph F John, Jr, MD, FACP, FIDSA, FSHEA is a member of the following medical societies: Charleston County Medical Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America, South Carolina Infectious Diseases Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD David Ross Boyd Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine, Stewart G Wolf Endowed Chair in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center; Master of the American College of Physicians; Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Association of Professors of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Oklahoma State Medical Association, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mark R Wallace, MD, FACP, FIDSA Infectious Disease Physician, Skagit Valley Hospital, Skagit Regional Health

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Saqib Zaheer Syed, MBBS Nephrologist, South Texas Renal Care Group

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous authors Pedro A Manibusan Jr, DO; Joshua S Hawley, MD; Richard E Frye, MD, PhD; M Akram Tamer, MD; and Burke A Cunha, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

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