Malignant Hyperthermia Questions & Answers

Updated: Jul 24, 2020
  • Author: James W Chapin, MD; Chief Editor: John Geibel, MD, MSc, DSc, AGAF  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What causes malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the role of anesthetics in the etiology of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the role of genetic testing in the diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the role of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) in the pathogenesis of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What are the effects of large ischemic demands of acute malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What causes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What causes malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

How are muscle biopsies performed for malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the prevalence of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the prognosis of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

Where can patient education resources for malignant hyperthermia (MH) be found?

Presentation

What is the earliest sign of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What are the signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What improves the outcome in malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the US (MHAUS) and how do they help with the diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

Which clinical conditions increase the risk for malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What are the signs and symptoms of King-Denborough syndrome in malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the role of muscular dystrophy in the etiology of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What are the signs and symptoms of masseter muscle rigidity (MMR) in malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is involved in the monitoring for malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

DDX

Which conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

How is neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) differentiated from malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What are the differential diagnoses for Malignant Hyperthermia?

Workup

How is malignant hyperthermia (MH) diagnosed?

Where are caffeine halothane contracture test (CHCT) testing centers for malignant hyperthermia (MH) located?

How is caffeine halothane contracture test (CHCT) for malignant hyperthermia (MH) performed?

What is the role of molecular genetic testing (DNA testing) in the evaluation of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

Where are molecular genetic testing (DNA testing) centers located for malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

Treatment

What are the indications for treatment of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

How is fulminant, rapidly progressive malignant hyperthermia (MH) treated?

What is included in supportive care for malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What is the role of dantrolene in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

What monitoring should be performed for malignant hyperthermia (MH) in the ICU?

What improvements have been made to dantrolene for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

When is cancellation or modification of the surgical procedure indicated in malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

How is anesthesia given to a patient with malignant hyperthermia (MH)-susceptibility?

Medications

What are the goals of drug treatment for malignant hyperthermia (MH)?

Which medications in the drug class Skeletal Muscle Relaxants are used in the treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia?