Nocardiosis Questions & Answers

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2. Euzeby Jean P. List of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature. www.bacterio.net/. Available at http://www.bacterio.net/-allnamesmr.html. Accessed: 11/20/2014.

3. Beaman BL, Beaman L. Nocardia species: host-parasite relationships. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1994 Apr. 7(2):213-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nocardiosis/infection. Accessed: June 7, 2013.

5. Smego RA Jr, Moeller MB, Gallis HA. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy for Nocardia infections. Arch Intern Med. 1983 Apr. 143(4):711-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Lavalard E, Guillard T, Baumard S, Grillon A, Brasme L, Rodríguez-Nava V, et al. Brain abscess due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica simulating an ischemic stroke. Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2013 Jun 1. 71(3):345-348. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Paige EK, Spelman D. Nocardiosis: 7-year experience at an Australian tertiary hospital. Intern Med J. 2019 Mar. 49 (3):373-379. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Steinbrink J, Leavens J, Kauffman CA, Miceli MH. Manifestations and outcomes of nocardia infections: Comparison of immunocompromised and nonimmunocompromised adult patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Oct. 97 (40):e12436. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Uttamchandani RB, Daikos GL, Reyes RR, Fischl MA, Dickinson GM, Yamaguchi E, et al. Nocardiosis in 30 patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection: clinical features and outcome. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Mar. 18 (3):348-53. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Boiron P, Locci R, Goodfellow M, et al. Nocardia, nocardiosis and mycetoma. Med Mycol. 1998. 36 Suppl 1:26-37. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Castro JG, Espinoza L. Nocardia species infections in a large county hospital in Miami: 6 years experience. J Infect. 2007 Apr. 54(4):358-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Filice GA. Nocardiosis in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection, transplant recipients, and large, geographically defined populations. J Lab Clin Med. 2005 Mar. 145(3):156-62. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Hui CH, Au VW, Rowland K, Slavotinek JP, Gordon DL. Pulmonary nocardiosis re-visited: experience of 35 patients at diagnosis. Respir Med. 2003 Jun. 97(6):709-17. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Kilincer C, Hamamcioglu MK, Simsek O, et al. Nocardial brain abscess: review of clinical management. J Clin Neurosci. 2006 May. 13(4):481-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Lederman ER, Crum NF. A case series and focused review of nocardiosis: clinical and microbiologic aspects. Medicine (Baltimore). 2004 Sep. 83(5):300-13. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Lerner PI. Nocardiosis. Clin Infect Dis. 1996 Jun. 22(6):891-903; quiz 904-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Matulionyte R, Rohner P, Uckay I, et al. Secular trends of nocardia infection over 15 years in a tertiary care hospital. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Aug. 57(8):807-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Pintado V, Gomez-Mampaso E, Cobo J, et al. Nocardial infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2003 Jul. 9(7):716-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Saubolle MA, Sussland D. Nocardiosis: review of clinical and laboratory experience. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Oct. 41(10):4497-501. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

20. Pilsczek FH, Augenbraun M. Mycetoma fungal infection: multiple organisms as colonizers or pathogens?. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2007 Jul-Aug. 40(4):463-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Martinez Tomas R, Menendez Villanueva R, Reyes Calzada S, et al. Pulmonary nocardiosis: risk factors and outcomes. Respirology. 2007 May. 12(3):394-400. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Rosman Y, Grossman E, Keller N, Thaler M, Eviatar T, Hoffman C, et al. Nocardiosis: A 15-year experience in a tertiary medical center in Israel. Eur J Intern Med. 2013 May 29. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Özen Y, Dokuzoguz B, Mumcuoglu I, Çelikbas AK, Karahan ZC, Özbay BO. Disseminated Nocardia farcinica infection presenting as a paravertebral abscess in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2019 Apr-Jun. 62 (2):329-331. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Baek JO, Kim JS, Lee SK, Jeong JH, Lee MJ, Seo IH. Two cases of primary cutaneous nocardiosis caused by intralesional injection. Dermatol Ther. 2019 Jan. 32 (1):e12775. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Smego RA Jr, Gallis HA. The clinical spectrum of Nocardia brasiliensis infection in the United States. Rev Infect Dis. 1984 Mar-Apr. 6 (2):164-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Smego RA Jr, Castiglia M, Asperilla MO. Lymphocutaneous syndrome. A review of non-sporothrix causes. Medicine (Baltimore). 1999 Jan. 78 (1):38-63. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Inamadar AC, Palit A, Peerapur BV, Rao SD. Sporotrichoid nocardiosis caused by Nocardia nova in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Int J Dermatol. 2004 Nov. 43 (11):824-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Ma F, Kang M, Liao YH, Lee GZ, Tang Q, Tang C, et al. Nocardial spinal epidural abscess with lumbar disc herniation: A case report and review of literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Dec. 97 (49):e13541. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Hudson JD, Danis RP, Chaluvadi U, Allen SD. Posttraumatic exogenous Nocardia endophthalmitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Jun. 135 (6):915-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Haripriya A, Lalitha P, Mathen M, Prajna NV, Kim R, Shukla D, et al. Nocardia endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: clinicomicrobiological study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 May. 139 (5):837-46. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Eggink CA, Wesseling P, Boiron P, Meis JF. Severe keratitis due to Nocardia farcinica. J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Apr. 35 (4):999-1001. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Chaidaroon W, Tantayakom T. Nocardia keratitis in a human immunodeficiency virus patient. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2004 May-Jun. 48 (3):272-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Wenger PN, Brown JM, McNeil MM, Jarvis WR. Nocardia farcinica sternotomy site infections in patients following open heart surgery. J Infect Dis. 1998 Nov. 178 (5):1539-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Peleg AY, Husain S, Qureshi ZA, et al. Risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcome of Nocardia infection in organ transplant recipients: a matched case-control study. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 May 15. 44(10):1307-14. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Abreu C, Rocha-Pereira N, Sarmento A, Magro F. Nocardia infections among immunomodulated inflammatory bowel disease patients: A review. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jun 7. 21 (21):6491-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Couble A, Rodríguez-Nava V, de Montclos MP, Boiron P, Laurent F. Direct detection of Nocardia spp. in clinical samples by a rapid molecular method. J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Apr. 43 (4):1921-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Blosser SJ, Drake SK, Andrasko JL, Henderson CM, Kamboj K, Antonara S, et al. Multicenter Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Study for Identification of Clinically Relevant Nocardia spp. J Clin Microbiol. 2016 May. 54 (5):1251-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Lebeaux D, Freund R, van Delden C, Guillot H, Marbus SD, Matignon M, et al. Outcome and Treatment of Nocardiosis After Solid Organ Transplantation: New Insights From a European Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 May 15. 64 (10):1396-1405. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

39. Simpson GL, Stinson EB, Egger MJ, Remington JS. Nocardial infections in the immunocompromised host: A detailed study in a defined population. Rev Infect Dis. 1981 May-Jun. 3 (3):492-507. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Coussement J, Lebeaux D, van Delden C, Guillot H, Freund R, Marbus S, et al. Nocardia Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter European Case-control Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 1. 63 (3):338-45. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

41. Uhde KB, Pathak S, McCullum I Jr, et al. Antimicrobial-resistant nocardia isolates, United States, 1995-2004. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Dec 15. 51(12):1445-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

42. Brown-Elliott BA, Biehle J, Conville PS, Cohen S, Saubolle M, Sussland D. Sulfonamide resistance in isolates of Nocardia spp. from a US multicenter survey. J Clin Microbiol. 2012 Mar. 50(3):670-2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

43. Minero MV, Marin M, Cercenado E, Rabadan PM, Bouza E, Munoz P. Nocardiosis at the turn of the century. Medicine (Baltimore). 2009 Jul. 88(4):250-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Shirin A Mazumder, MD, FIDSA Associate Professor of Medicine, Director of Infectious Disease Fellowship Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Methodist Physicians

Shirin A Mazumder, MD, FIDSA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of HIV Medicine, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, HIV Medicine Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Memphis Medical Society, Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, Tennessee Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Rachel E Gibbs MD Candidate, Ben Gurion University Medical School for International Health, Israel

Rachel E Gibbs is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, HIV Medicine Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

John W King, MD Professor of Medicine, Chief, Section of Infectious Diseases, Director, Viral Therapeutics Clinics for Hepatitis, Louisiana State University School of Medicine in Shreveport; Consultant in Infectious Diseases, Overton Brooks Veterans Affairs Medical Center

John W King, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Medical Research, American Society for Microbiology, Association of Subspecialty Professors, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD David Ross Boyd Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine, Stewart G Wolf Endowed Chair in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center; Master of the American College of Physicians; Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Association of Professors of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Oklahoma State Medical Association, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Thomas J Marrie, MD Dean of Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Canada

Thomas J Marrie, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

George Kurdgelashvili, MD Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine; Assistant Chief of Medical Service, Director of Diagnostic Center Clinic, Chair of Infection Prevention and Control Committee, Attending Physician, Infectious Diseases Section, Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center

George Kurdgelashvili, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Infectious Diseases Society of America, HIV Medicine Association, Veterans Affairs Society of Practitioners in Infectious Diseases

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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