Pinta Differential Diagnoses

1. Edward W. Hook III. Endemic Treponematosis. Mandell, Douglas, Bennett's. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 8th edition. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 2015. 2: 2710-2713.

2. Stamm LV. Pinta: Latin America's Forgotten Disease?. Am J Trop Med Hyg. Nov 2015. 93:901-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

3. Antal GM, Lukehart SA, Meheus AZ. The endemic treponematoses. Microbes Infect. 2002 Jan. 4(1):83-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Engelkens HJ, Niemel PL, van der Sluis JJ, Meheus A, Stolz E. Endemic treponematoses. Part II. Pinta and endemic syphilis. Int J Dermatol. 1991 Apr. 30(4):231-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

5. Morand JJ, Simon F, Garnotel E, Mahé A, Clity E, Morlain B. [Overview of endemic treponematoses]. Med Trop (Mars). 2006 Feb. 66(1):15-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

6. Farnsworth N, Rosen T. Endemic treponematosis: review and update. Clin Dermatol. 2006 May-Jun. 24(3):181-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Giacani L, Lukehart SA. The endemic treponematoses. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2014 Jan. 27 (1):89-115. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Marks M, Solomon AW, Mabey DC. Endemic treponemal diseases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Oct. 108 (10):601-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Rothschild B. Pinta: specific disease or anomalous skin reaction?. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Sep 15. 41(6):914. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Mitjà O, Šmajs D, Bassat Q. Advances in the diagnosis of endemic treponematoses: yaws, bejel, and pinta. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013. 7 (10):e2283. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Woltsche-Kahr I, Schmidt B, Aberer W, Aberer E. Pinta in Austria (or Cuba?): import of an extinct disease?. Arch Dermatol. 1999 Jun. 135(6):685-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Lupi O, Madkan V, Tyring SK. Tropical dermatology: bacterial tropical diseases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Apr. 54(4):559-78; quiz 578-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Vighi da Rosa R, Damares Rodrigues de Souza D, Cartell A, Ricardo Martins Souza P. Mal de Pinta, first autochthonous case from South of Brazil. Int J Dermatol. 2021 Jan. 60 (1):e19-e21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Parish JL. Treponemal infections in the pediatric population. Clin Dermatol. 2000 Nov-Dec. 18(6):687-700. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Nelson Ivan Agudelo Higuita, MD, DTM&H, CTH® Edith Kinney Gaylor Presidential Professor, Associate Professor, Program Director, Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program, Medical Director, Refugee and Travel Clinic, Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; Attending Physician, Infectious Diseases Consultation Service, Department of General Internal Medicine, Oklahoma University Medical Center

Nelson Ivan Agudelo Higuita, MD, DTM&H, CTH® is a member of the following medical societies: Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Kathy Hoang, MD Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Section, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center

Kathy Hoang, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Richard B Brown, MD, FACP Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baystate Medical Center; Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine

Richard B Brown, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, American Society for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Massachusetts Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD David Ross Boyd Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine, Stewart G Wolf Endowed Chair in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center; Master of the American College of Physicians; Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Association of Professors of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Oklahoma State Medical Association, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Natalie C Klein, MD, PhD Associate Director, Infectious Disease Division, Associate Professor of Medicine, The School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Medical Center

Natalie C Klein, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, New York County Medical Society, American Medical Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Thomas E Herchline, MD Professor of Medicine, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine; Medical Consultant, Public Health, Dayton and Montgomery County (Ohio) Tuberculosis Clinic

Thomas E Herchline, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Infectious Diseases Society of Ohio

Disclosure: Received research grant from: Regeneron.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article