Overview
Where are Proteus species most commonly found?
What causes most Proteus infections?
Which factors increase the risk of Proteus infection?
What is the pathophysiology of Proteus infection?
Which factors influence virulence of Proteus infection?
What is the role of fimbriae in the pathogenesis of Proteus infection?
What is the role of urease production in the pathogenesis of Proteus infections?
What is the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in Proteus infections?
What is the pathogenesis of struvite stones in Proteus infections?
What is the prevalence of Proteus infections in the US?
What are the mortality rates and morbidity associated with Proteus infections?
How does the prevalence of Proteus infections differ between males and females?
In what age groups are Proteus infections most prevalent?
Presentation
What are the risk factors for Proteus UTIs?
What condition is suggested by a history of recurrent Proteus UTIs in men?
Which history findings suggest chronic Proteus infections?
What are the signs and symptoms of Proteus infections?
What are the signs and symptoms of Proteus urethritis?
What are the signs and symptoms of Proteus cystitis?
What are the signs and symptoms of Proteus prostatitis?
What are the signs and symptoms of Proteus pyelonephritis?
What can cause hospital-acquired Proteus infections?
What is synergistic nonclostridial anaerobic myonecrosis?
DDX
What are the differential diagnoses for Proteus Infections?
Workup
Which lab tests are performed to diagnose suspected Proteus infections?
How are Proteus UTIs diagnosed?
How is microscopic bacteriuria evaluated in the workup of Proteus infections?
Which finding in the evaluation of Proteus infections should prompt an exam for renal calculi?
What is the role of bacterial cultures in the workup of Proteus infections?
What is the role of imaging studies in the workup of Proteus infections?
Treatment
What are the treatment options for Proteus infections?
What is the indication for surgical treatment of Proteus infections?
When are specialist consultations indicated in Proteus infections?
Medications
What are the possible complications of antibiotic treatment of Proteus infections?
What should be monitored during antibiotic therapy for Proteus infections?
How prevalent is antibiotic resistance in Proteus infections?
What reduces the incidence of Proteus UTI in patients with long-term indwelling urinary catheters?
Which vaccine is effective against Proteus infections?
Which medications in the drug class Antibiotics are used in the treatment of Proteus Infections?
Follow-up
How are inpatient Proteus infections treated?
How can Proteus infections be prevented?
What are the possible renal complications of Proteus infections result in?
How do intraspinal Proteus infections occur?
Which group is at risk for Proteus meningitis?
What are the GI complications of Proteus infections?
How are spinal epidural abscess caused by Proteus infection characterized?
What is the prognosis of Proteus infections?
Which factors affect recurrence rates in Proteus infections?
When does the morbidity and mortality of Proteus infections increase?
What education should patients with Proteus infections receive?
-
After 24 hours, this inoculated MacConkey agar culture plate cultivated colonial growth of gram-negative, rod-shaped, and facultatively anaerobic Proteus vulgaris bacteria. Courtesy of the CDC.