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Sarah Perloff, DO, FACP Associate Chair for Faculty Affairs, Department of Internal Medicine, Program Director, Infectious Diseases Fellowship, Associate Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency, Einstein Medical Center

Sarah Perloff, DO, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Osteopathic Association, HIV Medicine Association, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

John L Brusch, MD, FACP Corresponding Faculty Member, Harvard Medical School

John L Brusch, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Percy Guanzon Balderia, MD, RhMSUS Physician, Department of Rheumatology, The Polyclinic

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael A Forgione Jr, MD Chief of Infectious Diseases, Instructor, Department of Medicine, Keesler Medical Center

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Thomas M Kerkering, MD Chief of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine

Thomas M Kerkering, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Public Health Association, American Society for Microbiology, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Medical Society of Virginia, and Wilderness Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Alfred Scott Lea, MD Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine

Alfred Scott Lea, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Certified Wound Specialists, American College of Physicians, Harris County Medical Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Texas Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Jeffrey M Zaks, MD Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Vice President, Medical Affairs, Chief Medical Officer, Department of Internal Medicine, Providence Hospital

Jeffrey M Zaks, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Healthcare Executives, American College of Physician Executives, and American Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank A Clinton White, MD, for his encouragement and suggestions during the composition of this article.

The authors and editors of Medscape Reference also gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, and previous coauthor Michael Forgione, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

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