Trichomoniasis Questions & Answers

Updated: Feb 02, 2022
  • Author: Darvin Scott Smith, MD, MSc, DTM&H, FIDSA; Chief Editor: Michael Stuart Bronze, MD  more...
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Questions & Answers

Overview

What is trichomoniasis?

How is T vaginalis transmitted?

Why is trichomoniasis underdiagnosed?

When is testing for T vaginalis indicated?

What is the treatment of choice for trichomoniasis?

What is the morphology of T vaginalis?

Where does T vaginalis reside in the human body?

What is the pathogenesis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of the immune system in the prevention of trichomoniasis?

What is the incubation period for trichomoniasis?

What are risk factors for T vaginalis infection?

What is the incidence of trichomoniasis in the US?

What is the global incidence of trichomoniasis?

How does the prevalence of trichomoniasis vary among age groups?

How does the prevalence of trichomoniasis vary between males and females?

How does the prevalence of trichomoniasis vary among races and ethnicities?

What are the cure rates for trichomoniasis?

Which group is at highest risk for recurrent trichomoniasis?

Why is the risk of HIV infection increased in patients with trichomoniasis?

What is the effect of trichomoniasis on pregnancy outcomes?

The risk for which infections increases with trichomoniasis?

What information about trichomoniasis should patients receive?

Presentation

What secretions are used to isolate T vaginalis?

What are the signs and symptoms of trichomoniasis in women?

What are the major signs of trichomoniasis-related cervicitis?

What are the symptoms of trichomoniasis-related vaginitis?

How is trichomoniasis categorized in males?

What are the signs and symptoms of trichomoniasis in males?

How is the vaginal discharge characterized in trichomoniasis?

Which cervical exam findings are diagnostic of trichomoniasis?

Which comorbid infections may complicate the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

How accurate is diagnosis of trichomoniasis based on physical exam alone?

What is the presentation of trichomoniasis in men?

What is the presentation of trichomoniasis in infants and children?

What are the complications of trichomoniasis in women?

What is the risk of HIV infection in patients with trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis increases the risk for which infections?

What pregnancy complications are caused by trichomoniasis?

How is neonatal trichomoniasis characterized?

What are the complications of untreated trichomoniasis in males?

DDX

Why is prompt trichomoniasis diagnosis important?

What are the differential diagnoses for Trichomoniasis?

Workup

How is trichomoniasis diagnosed?

How quickly are diagnostic test results for trichomoniasis returned?

What is the role of saline wet mount microscopy in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

Which saline wet mount findings are diagnostic of trichomoniasis?

Why must saline wet mount slides be read immediately after collection for diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What are the limitations of saline wet mount microscopy in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

How is the saline wet mount evaluation test performed in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of T vaginalis cultures in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

How is are cultures performed for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What are the disadvantages of culture in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of the InPouch TV Culture System in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of Papanicolaou (Pap) smear in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of vaginal pH in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of a whiff test (amine odor test) in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

Which tests have been FDA-approved for diagnosing trichomoniasis?

How is the Solana Trichomonas Assay used in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

How is the OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test used to diagnose trichomoniasis?

How is the BD ProbeTec TV Qx Amplified DNA Assay used in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

How is the Affirm VPIII Microbial Identification Test used to diagnose trichomoniasis?

How is the APTIMA Trichomonas vaginalis ATV Assay used in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

How is the Xpert TV Assay used in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of PCR assays in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) staining in the diagnosis of trichomoniasis?

Treatment

What are the reporting requirements for trichomoniasis as a sexually transmitted disease (STD)?

When should treatment for trichomoniasis be initiated?

Should patients avoid alcohol during drug treatment for trichomoniasis?

Why is systemic treatment needed for trichomoniasis?

When is repeat testing indicated for management of trichomoniasis?

When is inpatient therapy indicated for the treatment of trichomoniasis?

How is trichomoniasis treated in patients with HIV infection?

What are the CDC recommendations for treatment of trichomoniasis during pregnancy?

What does the CDC recommend for the treatment of trichomoniasis while breastfeeding?

What is a possible cause of trichomoniasis in children?

Which medications are used to treat trichomoniasis?

What is the mechanism of action of nitroimidazoles against T vaginalis infection?

Is it safe to consume alcohol during drug treatment for trichomoniasis?

What are the treatment options for drug-resistant trichomoniasis?

When are consultations indicated for the treatment of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of topical medications in the treatment of trichomoniasis?

How is trichomoniasis managed in patients allergic to nitroimidazoles?

What is the treatment of choice for trichomoniasis?

What is the efficacy of metronidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis?

When can patients resume alcohol consumption after treatment of trichomoniasis?

Can metronidazole be used to treat trichomoniasis during pregnancy?

What is the risk for preterm birth after treatment of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of tinidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis?

What is the role of clotrimazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis?

What diet modifications are recommended during treatment of trichomoniasis?

What are the activity modifications during treatment of trichomoniasis?

How is trichomoniasis prevented?

What monitoring is needed following treatment of trichomoniasis?

Medications

Which medications are used for the treatment of trichomoniasis?

Which medications in the drug class Nitroimidazoles are used in the treatment of Trichomoniasis?