Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and Cystitis (Bladder Infection) in Females Questions & Answers

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30. Foxman B. The epidemiology of urinary tract infection. Nat Rev Urol. 2010 Dec. 7(12):653-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Little P, Moore MV, Turner S, Rumsby K, Warner G, Lowes JA, et al. Effectiveness of five different approaches in management of urinary tract infection: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2010 Feb 5. 340:c199. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

32. Lavigne JP, Bruyère F, Bernard L, Combescure C, Ronco E, Lanotte P, et al. Resistance and virulence potential of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients hospitalized in urology departments: a French prospective multicentre study. J Med Microbiol. 2016 Jun. 65 (6):530-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Christiaens TC, De Meyere M, Verschraegen G, Peersman W, Heytens S, De Maeseneer JM. Randomised controlled trial of nitrofurantoin versus placebo in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in adult women. Br J Gen Pract. 2002 Sep. 52(482):729-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

34. Bleidorn J, Gágyor I, Kochen MM, Wegscheider K, Hummers-Pradier E. Symptomatic treatment (ibuprofen) or antibiotics (ciprofloxacin) for uncomplicated urinary tract infection?--results of a randomized controlled pilot trial. BMC Med. 2010 May 26. 8:30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

35. Grigoryan L, Zoorob R, Wang H, Trautner BW. Low Concordance With Guidelines for Treatment of Acute Cystitis in Primary Care. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2015 Dec. 2 (4):ofv159. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Sigler M, Leal JE, Bliven K, Cogdill B, Thompson A. Assessment of appropriate antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections in an internal medicine clinic. South Med J. 2015 May. 108 (5):300-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Olson RP, Harrell LJ, Kaye KS. Antibiotic resistance in urinary isolates of Escherichia coli from college women with urinary tract infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Mar. 53(3):1285-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

38. McKinnell JA, Stollenwerk NS, Jung CW, Miller LG. Nitrofurantoin compares favorably to recommended agents as empirical treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in a decision and cost analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Jun. 86(6):480-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

39. Falagas ME, Vouloumanou EK, Togias AG, Karadima M, Kapaskelis AM, Rafailidis PI, et al. Fosfomycin versus other antibiotics for the treatment of cystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Sep. 65(9):1862-77. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

40. Xin H, Rosario-Colon JA, Eberle K. Novel Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of Candida auris and Candida albicans Disseminated Candidiasis. mSphere. 2023 Jan 23. e0058422. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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43. Beerepoot MA, ter Riet G, Nys S, et al. Cranberries vs antibiotics to prevent urinary tract infections: a randomized double-blind noninferiority trial in premenopausal women. Arch Intern Med. 2011 Jul 25. 171(14):1270-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

44. Jepson RG, Craig JC. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jan 23. CD001321. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

45. Tempera G, Corsello S, Genovese C, Caruso FE, Nicolosi D. Inhibitory activity of cranberry extract on the bacterial adhesiveness in the urine of women: an ex-vivo study. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2010 Apr-Jun. 23(2):611-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

46. Frellick M. Drinking More Water Reduces Repeat Urinary Tract Infections. Medscape Medical News. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/886775. October 9, 2017; Accessed: October 10, 2017.

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49. van der Starre WE, van Nieuwkoop C, Paltansing S, et al. Risk factors for fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in adults with community-onset febrile urinary tract infection. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011 Mar. 66(3):650-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

50. Cloutier DJ, Miller LG, Komirenko AS, Cebrik DS, Krause KM, Keepers TR, et al. Plazomicin Versus Meropenem for the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection and Acute Pyelonephritis: Results of the EPIC Study. Presented at the 27th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID), Vienna, Austria, April 22-25, 2017.

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52. Cunha BA, Schoch PE, Hage JR. Nitrofurantoin: preferred empiric therapy for community-acquired lower urinary tract infections. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Dec. 86(12):1243-4; author reply 1244. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

53. Fischer HD, Juurlink DN, Mamdani MM, Kopp A, Laupacis A. Hemorrhage during warfarin therapy associated with cotrimoxazole and other urinary tract anti-infective agents: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med. 2010 Apr 12. 170(7):617-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

54. Hand L. Urinary Infections: Report Offers Long-Needed Clarity. Medscape [serial online]. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/814305. Accessed: November 18, 2013.

55. Hooton TM, Roberts PL, Cox ME, Stapleton AE. Voided midstream urine culture and acute cystitis in premenopausal women. N Engl J Med. 2013 Nov 14. 369(20):1883-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

56. Leydon GM, Turner S, Smith H, Little P. Women's views about management and cause of urinary tract infection: qualitative interview study. BMJ. 2010 Feb 5. 340:c279. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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58. Turner D, Little P, Raftery J, Turner S, Smith H, Rumsby K, et al. Cost effectiveness of management strategies for urinary tract infections: results from randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2010 Feb 5. 340:c346. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

John L Brusch, MD, FACP Corresponding Faculty Member, Harvard Medical School

John L Brusch, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mary F Bavaro, MD Fellowship Director, Division of Infectious Disease, Navy Medical Center, San Diego

Mary F Bavaro, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jeffrey M Tessier, MD Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine

Jeffrey M Tessier, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD David Ross Boyd Professor and Chairman, Department of Medicine, Stewart G Wolf Endowed Chair in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center; Master of the American College of Physicians; Fellow, Infectious Diseases Society of America; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, Association of Professors of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Oklahoma State Medical Association, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Burke A Cunha, MD Professor of Medicine, State University of New York School of Medicine at Stony Brook; Chief, Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital

Burke A Cunha, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael S Beeson, MD, MBA, FACEP Professor of Emergency Medicine, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine and Pharmacy; Attending Faculty, Akron General Medical Center

Michael S Beeson, MD, MBA, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors, National Association of EMS Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pamela L Dyne, MD Professor of Clinical Medicine/Emergency Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center

Pamela L Dyne, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

David S Howes, MD Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Section Chief and Emergency Medicine Residency Program Director, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences, The Pritzker School of Medicine

David S Howes, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Elicia S Kennedy, MD Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Elicia S Kennedy, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Klaus-Dieter Lessnau, MD, FCCP Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine; Medical Director, Pulmonary Physiology Laboratory; Director of Research in Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital

Klaus-Dieter Lessnau, MD, FCCP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, American Thoracic Society, and Society of Critical Care Medicine

Disclosure: Sepracor None None

Allison M Loynd, DO Resident Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit Receiving Hospital

Allison M Loynd, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Association, and Emergency Medicine Residents Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mark Jeffrey Noble, MD Consulting Staff, Urologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Mark Jeffrey Noble, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Urological Association, Kansas Medical Society, Sigma Xi, Society of University Urologists, and Southwest Oncology Group

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Adam J Rosh, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Wayne State University School of Medicine

Adam J Rosh, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Joseph A Salomone III, MD Associate Professor and Attending Staff, Truman Medical Centers, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine; EMS Medical Director, Kansas City, Missouri

Joseph A Salomone III, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, National Association of EMS Physicians, and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Richard H Sinert, DO Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, Research Director, State University of New York College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kings County Hospital Center

Richard H Sinert, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians and Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Mark Zwanger, MD, MBA Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University

Mark Zwanger, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, and American Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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