Diagnostic Considerations

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can have a variety of different presentations depending on the stage of the disease and its cause, as well as patient factors such as age. A detailed history and physical examination is essential. In addition to routine laboratory studies, the workup should include calculation of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), measurement of albumin levels, and acquisition of radiologic studies. The differential diagnosis for CKD includes the following conditions, as well as the disorders listed in the next section:

Differential Diagnoses

Workup

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