Esophageal Cancer Guidelines

1. Esophageal Cancer Treatment (Adult) (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version. National Cancer Institute. Available at http://www.cancer.gov/types/esophageal/hp/esophageal-treatment-pdq. March 30, 2023; Accessed: April 11, 2023.

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7. Ohsawa T. Surgery of the esophagus. Arch Jpn Chir. 1933. 10:605-8.

8. Marshall SF. Carcinoma of the esophagus: successful resection of lower end of esophagus with reestablishment of esophageal gastric continuity. Surg Clin North Amer. 1938. 18:643.

9. Rahouma M, Harrison S, Kamel M, Nasar A, Lee B, Port J, et al. Consequences of Refusing Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: A National Cancer Database Analysis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Nov. 106 (5):1476-1483. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. [Guideline] NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Available at http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/esophageal.pdf. Version 2.2023 — March 10, 2023; Accessed: April 11, 2023.

11. [Guideline] Shaheen NJ, Falk GW, Iyer PG, Gerson LB, American College of Gastroenterology. ACG Clinical Guideline: Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Jan. 111 (1):30-50; quiz 51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

12. [Guideline] Obermannová R, Alsina M, Cervantes A, Leong T, Lordick F, Nilsson M, et al. Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Oct. 33 (10):992-1004. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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27. Trivedy C, Baldwin D, Warnakulasuriya S, et al. Copper content in Areca catechu (betel nut) products and oral submucous fibrosis. Lancet 1997; 349:1447.

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31. Abnet CC, Lai B, Qiao YL, et al. Zinc concentration in esophageal biopsy specimens measured by x-ray fluorescence and esophageal cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005; 97:301.

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33. Fong LY, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Farber JL. Dietary zinc modulation of COX-2 expression and lingual and esophageal carcinogenesis in rats. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005; 97:40.

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36. Wysowski DK. Reports of esophageal cancer with oral bisphosphonate use. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:89.

37. Yu C, Tang H, Guo Y, Bian Z, Yang L, Chen Y, et al. Effect of Hot Tea Consumption and Its Interactions With Alcohol and Tobacco Use on the Risk for Esophageal Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Feb 6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Jenkins K. Hot Tea and Increased Risk for Esophageal Cancer. Medscape Medical News. Available at https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/892285. February 5, 2018; Accessed: February 7, 2018.

39. Wu C, Hu Z, He Z, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies three new susceptibility loci for esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma in Chinese populations. Nat Genet. 2011 Jun 5. 43(7):679-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Cardwell CR, Abnet CC, Cantwell MM, Murray LJ. Exposure to oral bisphosphonates and risk of esophageal cancer. JAMA. 2010 Aug 11. 304(6):657-63. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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43. Stevens HP, Kelsell DP, Bryant SP, et al. Linkage of an American pedigree with palmoplantar keratoderma and malignancy (palmoplantar ectodermal dysplasia type III) to 17q24. Literature survey and proposed updated classification of the keratodermas. Arch Dermatol 1996; 132:640.

44. Iwaya T, Maesawa C, Ogasawara S, Tamura G. Tylosis esophageal cancer locus on chromosome 17q25.1 is commonly deleted in sporadic human esophageal cancer. Gastroenterology 1998; 114:1206.

45. Lindor NM, Greene MH. The concise handbook of family cancer syndromes. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1998 Jul 15;90(14):1039-71.

46. Morson BC, Belcher JR. Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and ectopic gastric mucosa. Br J Cancer. 1952 Jun. 6(2):127-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

47. Naef AP, Savary M, Ozzello L. Columnar-lined lower esophagus: an acquired lesion with malignant predisposition. Report on 140 cases of Barrett's esophagus with 12 adenocarcinomas. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1975 Nov. 70(5):826-35. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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49. Hvid-Jensen F, Pedersen L, Drewes AM, et al. Incidence of adenocarcinoma among patients with Barrett's esophagus. N Engl J Med. 2011 Oct 13. 365(15):1375-83. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

50. Cook MB, Kamangar F, Whiteman DC, et al. Cigarette smoking and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: a pooled analysis from the international BEACON consortium. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102:1344.

51. Lanuti M, Liu G, Goodwin JM, Zhai R, Fuchs BC, Asomaning K, et al. A functional epidermal growth factor (EGF) polymorphism, EGF serum levels, and esophageal adenocarcinoma risk and outcome. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 May 15. 14 (10):3216-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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53. Lauby-Secretan B, Scoccianti C, Loomis D, Grosse Y, Bianchini F, Straif K, et al. Body Fatness and Cancer--Viewpoint of the IARC Working Group. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 25. 375 (8):794-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

54. Thrift AP, Shaheen NJ, Gammon MD, Bernstein L, Reid BJ, Onstad L, et al. Obesity and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus: a Mendelian randomization study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2014 Nov. 106 (11):[QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

55. Turati F, Tramacere I, La Vecchia C, Negri E. A meta-analysis of body mass index and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:609.

56. Lagergren J, Bergström R, Nyrén O. Association between body mass and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Ann Intern Med 1999; 130:883.

57. Cook MB, Greenwood DC, Hardie LJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of increasing adiposity on Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103:292.

58. Drahos J, Ricker W, Pfeiffer RM, Cook MB. Metabolic syndrome and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma in elderly patients in the United States: An analysis of SEER-Medicare data. Cancer 2017; 123:657.

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60. Cancer Stat Facts: Esophageal Cancer. National Cancer Institute. Available at https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/esoph.html. Accessed: April 12, 2023.

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62. Raman R, Deorah S, McDowell BD, Abu Hejleh T, Lynch CF, Gupta A. Changing incidence of esophageal cancer among white women: analysis of SEER data (1992-2010). Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2015. 19 (4):338-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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67. Chu KM, Law SY, Fok M, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of transhiatal and transthoracic resection for lower-third esophageal carcinoma. Am J Surg. 1997 Sep. 174(3):320-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

68. Suzuki A, Xiao L, Hayashi Y, et al. Prognostic significance of baseline positron emission tomography and importance of clinical complete response in patients with esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. Cancer. 2011 Nov 1. 117(21):4823-33. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

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74. Dittler HJ, Siewert JR. Role of endoscopic ultrasonography in esophageal carcinoma. Endoscopy. 1993 Feb. 25(2):156-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

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76. Keswani RN, Early DS, Edmundowicz SA, Meyers BF, Sharma A, Govindan R, Chen J, Kohlmeier C, Azar RR. Routine positron emission tomography does not alter nodal staging in patients undergoing EUS-guided FNA for esophageal cancer. Gastrointestinal endoscopy. 2009 Jun 30;69(7):1210-7.

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Muhammad Masab, MD Fellow in Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine

Muhammad Masab, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Society of Hospital Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Claudia M da Costa Dourado, MD Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University; Program Director, Hematology and Medical Oncology Fellowship Program, Attending Physician, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia

Claudia M da Costa Dourado, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Hematology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

N Joseph Espat, MD, MS, FACS Harold J Wanebo Professor of Surgery, Assistant Dean of Clinical Affairs, Boston University School of Medicine; Chairman, Department of Surgery, Director, Adele R Decof Cancer Center, Roger Williams Medical Center

N Joseph Espat, MD, MS, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Americas Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Central Surgical Association, Chicago Medical Society, International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, Pancreas Club, Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society, Society for Leukocyte Biology, Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons, Society of Surgical Oncology, Society of University Surgeons, Southeastern Surgical Congress, Southern Medical Association, Surgical Infection Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Marco G Patti, MD Surgeon, UNC Hospitals Multispecialty Surgery Clinic

Marco G Patti, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Surgeons, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, American Surgical Association, Association for Academic Surgery, Pan-Pacific Surgical Association, Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons, Southwestern Surgical Congress, Western Surgical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Fernando AM Herbella, MD, PhD, TCBC Affiliate Professor, Attending Surgeon in Gastrointestinal Surgery, Esophagus and Stomach Division, Department of Surgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo Medical School; Private Practice; Medical Examiner, Sao Paulo's Medical Examiner's Office Headquarters, Brazil

Fernando AM Herbella, MD, PhD, TCBC is a member of the following medical societies: Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Keith M Baldwin, DO IMPH, Assistant Professor of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine; Endocrine and Surgical Oncologist, Department of General Surgery, Roger Williams Cancer Center

Keith M Baldwin, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, Society of Surgical Oncology, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Americas Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, Society of International Humanitarian Surgeons/Surgeons OverSeas (SOS)

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Philip Schulman, MD Chief, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Philip Schulman, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Physicians, American Society of Hematology, and Medical Society of the State of New York

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

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