Hurthle Cell Carcinoma (Oncocytic Carcinoma) Questions & Answers

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2. Wong KS, Angell TE, Barletta JA, Krane JF. Hürthle cell lesions of the thyroid: Progress made and challenges remaining. Cancer Cytopathol. 2021 May. 129 (5):347-362. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

3. Asa SL. My approach to oncocytic tumours of the thyroid. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Mar. 57(3):225-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

4. Cannon J. The significance of hurthle cells in thyroid disease. Oncologist. 2011. 16 (10):1380-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

5. Hürthle (oncocytic) cell tumours. Lloyd R.V., Osamura R.Y., Klöppel G., and Rosai J. WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs. 4th Edition. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2017. Volume 10: 96-99.

6. Jung CK, Bychkov A, Kakudo K. Update from the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Thyroid Tumors: A Standardized Diagnostic Approach. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2022 Oct. 37 (5):703-718. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

7. Bronner MP, Clevenger CV, Edmonds PR, Lowell DM, McFarland MM, LiVolsi VA. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in Hürthle cell adenomas and carcinomas of the thyroid. Am J Clin Pathol. 1988 Jun. 89(6):764-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Pisanu A, Sias L, Uccheddu A. Factors predicting malignancy of Hürthle cell tumors of the thyroid: influence on surgical treatment. World J Surg. 2004 Aug. 28(8):761-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. Stojadinovic A, Ghossein RA, Hoos A, Urist MJ, Spiro RH, Shah JP. Hürthle cell carcinoma: a critical histopathologic appraisal. J Clin Oncol. 2001 May 15. 19(10):2616-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

10. Matsuura D, Yuan A, Wang L, Ranganath R, Adilbay D, Harries V, et al. Follicular and Hurthle Cell Carcinoma: Comparison of Clinicopathological Features and Clinical Outcomes. Thyroid. 2022 Mar. 32 (3):245-254. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Strazisar B, Petric R, Sesek M, Zgajnar J, Hocevar M, Besic N. Predictive factors of carcinoma in 279 patients with Hürthle cell neoplasm of the thyroid gland. J Surg Oncol. 2010 Jun 1. 101(7):582-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Guerrero MA, Suh I, Vriens MR, Shen WT, Gosnell J, Kebebew E, et al. Age and tumor size predicts lymph node involvement in Hürthle Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer. 2010 Jun 2. 1:23-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

13. Maxwell EL, Palme CE, Freeman J. Hürthle cell tumors: applying molecular markers to define a new management algorithm. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006 Jan. 132(1):54-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Máximo V, Sobrinho-Simões M. Hürthle cell tumours of the thyroid. A review with emphasis on mitochondrial abnormalities with clinical relevance. Virchows Arch. 2000 Aug. 437(2):107-15. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Troncone G, Iaccarino A, Russo M, Palmieri EA, Volante M, Papotti M, et al. Accumulation of p27(kip1) is associated with cyclin D3 overexpression in the oxyphilic (Hurthle cell) variant of follicular thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Pathol. 2007 Apr. 60(4):377-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Ganly I, Ricarte Filho J, Eng S, et al. Genomic dissection of Hurthle cell carcinoma reveals a unique class of thyroid malignancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 May. 98(5):E962-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Máximo V, Botelho T, Capela J, Soares P, Lima J, Taveira A, et al. Somatic and germline mutation in GRIM-19, a dual function gene involved in mitochondrial metabolism and cell death, is linked to mitochondrion-rich (Hurthle cell) tumours of the thyroid. Br J Cancer. 2005 May 23. 92(10):1892-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Cancer Facts & Figures 2023. American Cancer Society. Available at https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2023/2023-cancer-facts-and-figures.pdf. Accessed: January 28, 2023.

19. What Is Thyroid Cancer?. American Cancer Society. Available at https://www.cancer.org/cancer/thyroid-cancer/about/what-is-thyroid-cancer.html. March 14, 2019; Accessed: January 28, 2023.

20. European Network of Cancer Registries. ENCR Factsheets: Thyroid Cancer (TC) Factsheet. Available at https://www.encr.eu/sites/default/files/factsheets/ENCR_Factsheet_Thyroid_2017-2.pdf. January 2017; Accessed: January 28, 2023.

21. Ghossein RA, Hiltzik DH, Carlson DL, Patel S, Shaha A, Shah JP, et al. Prognostic factors of recurrence in encapsulated Hurthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases. Cancer. 2006 Apr 15. 106(8):1669-76. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Cooper DS, Schneyer CR. Follicular and Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1990 Sep. 19(3):577-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Kushchayeva Y, Duh QY, Kebebew E, Clark OH. Prognostic indications for Hürthle cell cancer. World J Surg. 2004 Dec. 28(12):1266-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

24. Besic N, Schwarzbartl-Pevec A, Vidergar-Kralj B, Crnic T, Gazic B, Marolt Music M. Treatment and outcome of 32 patients with distant metastases of Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma: a single-institution experience. BMC Cancer. 2016 Feb 26. 16 (1):162. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Mills SC, Haq M, Smellie WJ, Harmer C. Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid: Retrospective review of 62 patients treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital between 1946 and 2003. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2009 Mar. 35(3):230-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Goffredo P, Roman SA, Sosa JA. Hurthle cell carcinoma: a population-level analysis of 3311 patients. Cancer. 2013 Feb 1. 119(3):504-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Oluic B, Paunovic I, Loncar Z, Djukic V, Diklic A, Jovanovic M, et al. Survival and prognostic factors for survival, cancer specific survival and disease free interval in 239 patients with Hurthle cell carcinoma: a single center experience. BMC Cancer. 2017 May 25. 17 (1):371. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

28. Pryma DA, Schoder H, Gonen M, Robbins RJ, Larson SM, Yeung HW, et al. Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET in Hurthle cell thyroid cancer patients. J Nucl Med. 2006 Aug. 47(8):1260-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Elliott DD, Pitman MB, Bloom L, Faquin WC. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of Hurthle cell lesions of the thyroid gland: A cytomorphologic study of 139 cases with statistical analysis. Cancer. 2006 Apr 25. 108(2):102-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Jacques C, Guillotin D, Fontaine JF, et al. DNA microarray and miRNA analyses reinforce the classification of follicular thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 May. 98(5):E981-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Alexander EK, Kennedy GC, Baloch ZW, Cibas ES, Chudova D, Diggans J, et al. Preoperative diagnosis of benign thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology. N Engl J Med. 2012 Aug 23. 367(8):705-15. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Donatini G, Beaulieu A, Castagnet M, Kraimps JL, Levillain P, Fromont G. Thyroid Hürthle cell tumors: research of potential markers of malignancy. J Endocrinol Invest. 2016 Feb. 39 (2):153-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Volante M, Bozzalla-Cassione F, DePompa R, Saggiorato E, Bartolazzi A, Orlandi F, et al. Galectin-3 and HBME-1 expression in oncocytic cell tumors of the thyroid. Virchows Arch. 2004 Aug. 445(2):183-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Jillard C, Youngwirth L, Scheri R, Roman S, Sosa JA. Radioactive Iodine Treatment is Associated with Improved Survival for Patients with Hürthle Cell Carcinoma. Thyroid. 2016 May 5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. Fernández CA, Puig-Domingo M, Lomeña F, Estorch M, Camacho Martí V, Bittini AL, et al. Effectiveness of retinoic acid treatment for redifferentiation of thyroid cancer in relation to recovery of radioiodine uptake. J Endocrinol Invest. 2009 Mar. 32(3):228-33. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

36. Kim WG, Kim EY, Kim TY, Ryu JS, Hong SJ, Kim WB, et al. Redifferentiation therapy with 13-cis retinoic acids in radioiodine-resistant thyroid cancer. Endocr J. 2009 Mar. 56(1):105-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Foote RL, Brown PD, Garces YI, McIver B, Kasperbauer JL. Is there a role for radiation therapy in the management of Hürthle cell carcinoma?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Jul 15. 56(4):1067-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

38. Zavitsanos P, Amdur RJ, Drew PA, Cusi K, Werning JW, Morris CG. Favorable Outcome of Hurthle Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid Treated With Total Thyroidectomy, Radioiodine, and Selective Use of External-Beam Radiotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol. 2017 Aug. 40 (4):433-437. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

39. Haugen BR, Sherman SI. Evolving approaches to patients with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocr Rev. 2013 Jun. 34(3):439-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

40. Younes MN, Yigitbasi OG, Park YW, Kim SJ, Jasser SA, Hawthorne VS, et al. Antivascular therapy of human follicular thyroid cancer experimental bone metastasis by blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular growth factor receptor phosphorylation. Cancer Res. 2005 Jun 1. 65(11):4716-27. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

41. Younes MN, Yazici YD, Kim S, Jasser SA, El-Naggar AK, Myers JN. Dual epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibition with NVP-AEE788 for the treatment of aggressive follicular thyroid cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jun 1. 12(11 Pt 1):3425-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

42. Paphavasit A, Thompson GB, Hay ID, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Ilstrup DM, et al. Follicular and Hürthle cell thyroid neoplasms. Is frozen-section evaluation worthwhile?. Arch Surg. 1997 Jun. 132(6):674-8; discussion 678-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

43. [Guideline] Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid. 2016 Jan. 26 (1):1-133. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

44. [Guideline] NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Thyroid Carcinoma. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Available at http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/thyroid.pdf. Version 3.2022 — November 1, 2022; Accessed: January 28, 2023.

45. [Guideline] Filetti S, Durante C, Hartl D, Leboulleux S, Locati LD, Newbold K, et al. Thyroid cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up†. Ann Oncol. 2019 Dec 1. 30 (12):1856-1883. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

46. [Guideline] Gharib H, Papini E, Garber JR, Duick DS, Harrell RM, Hegedüs L, et al. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS, AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, AND ASSOCIAZIONE MEDICI ENDOCRINOLOGI MEDICAL GUIDELINES FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF THYROID NODULES--2016 UPDATE. Endocr Pract. 2016 May. 22 (5):622-39. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

47. Cibas ES, Ali SZ. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Thyroid. 2009 Nov. 19 (11):1159-65. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

Serhat Aytug, MD, FACE Endocrinologist, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, St Jude Heritage Medical Group; Associate Professor of Medicine – Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Council of Higher Education of Turkey

Serhat Aytug, MD, FACE is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Lawrence E Shapiro, MD Chief, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Winthrop University Hospital

Lawrence E Shapiro, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Diabetes Association, American Thyroid Association, Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Julie E Hallanger Johnson, MD, FACP, ECNU Assistant Professor of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine; Associate Member, Endocrinology Oncology, Program Leader, Endocrine Tumor Program, Department of Head and Neck-Encocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center

Julie E Hallanger Johnson, MD, FACP, ECNU is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Thyroid Association, Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant or trustee for: HRA pharma (consultant)<br/>Received income in an amount equal to or greater than $250 from: HRA Pharma.

Antoni Ribas, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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