Tumor Lysis Syndrome Questions & Answers

1. Williams SM, Killeen AA. Tumor Lysis Syndrome. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2018 Nov 30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

2. Howard SC. Tumor Lysis Syndrome. In: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2014. 591-596.

3. Adeyinka A, Bashir K. Tumor Lysis Syndrome. J Pharm Pract. 2020 Jan. 33 (2):213-216. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

4. Gangireddy M, Shrimanker I, Nookala VK, Peroutka KA. Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: Early Diagnosis and Management. Cureus. 2019 May 16. 11 (5):e4679. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

5. Moore AJ, Vu MA, Strickland SA. Supportive Care in Hematologic Malignancies. In: Greer JP, Arber DA, Glader B, List AF, Means RT Jr, Paraskevas F, Rodgers GM, eds. Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003. 1426-66.

6. Mirrakhimov AE, Voore P, Khan M, Ali AM. Tumor lysis syndrome: A clinical review. World J Crit Care Med. 2015 May 4. 4 (2):130-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

7. Cairo MS, Coiffier B, Reiter A, Younes A, TLS Expert Panel. Recommendations for the evaluation of risk and prophylaxis of tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) in adults and children with malignant diseases: an expert TLS panel consensus. Br J Haematol. 2010 May. 149 (4):578-86. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Kalemkerian GP, Darwish B, Varterasian ML. Tumor lysis syndrome in small cell carcinoma and other solid tumors. Am J Med. 1997 Nov. 103(5):363-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

9. [Guideline] National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: B-Cell Lymphomas. Available at https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/b-cell.pdf. Version 5.2022 — July 12, 2022; Accessed: October 4, 2022.

10. [Guideline] Jones GL, Will A, Jackson GH, Webb NJ, Rule S, British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Guidelines for the management of tumour lysis syndrome in adults and children with haematological malignancies on behalf of the British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Br J Haematol. 2015 Jun. 169 (5):661-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

11. Abu-Alfa AK, Younes A. Tumor lysis syndrome and acute kidney injury: evaluation, prevention, and management. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010 May. 55(5 Suppl 3):S1-13; quiz S14-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

12. Andreoli SP, Clark JH, McGuire WA, Bergstein JM. Purine excretion during tumor lysis in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia receiving allopurinol: relationship to acute renal failure. J Pediatr. 1986 Aug. 109(2):292-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Obrador GT, Price B, O'Meara Y, et al. Acute renal failure due to lymphomatous infiltration of the kidneys. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1997 Aug. 8(8):1348-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Chen SW, Hwang WS, Tsao CJ, et al. Hydroxyurea and splenic irradiation-induced tumour lysis syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2005 Dec. 30(6):623-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Lee CC, Wu YH, Chung SH, et al. Acute tumor lysis syndrome after thalidomide therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncologist. 2006 Jan. 11(1):87-8; author reply 89. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Jaskiewicz AD, Herrington JD, Wong L. Tumor lysis syndrome after bortezomib therapy for plasma cell leukemia. Pharmacotherapy. 2005 Dec. 25(12):1820-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

17. Kurt M, Onal IK, Elkiran T, et al. Acute tumor lysis syndrome triggered by zoledronic Acid in a patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Med Oncol. 2005. 22(2):203-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

18. Sandy EB, Weerasinghe C, Terjanian T. Carfilzomib Induced Tumor Lysis Syndrome and Other Adverse Events. J Pharm Pract. 2020 Apr. 33 (2):213-216. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

19. Imam SZ, Zahid MF, Maqbool MA. Sorafenib-induced tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther. 2020 Sep. 13 (3):168-170. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

20. Arora S, Zainaldin C, Bathini S, Gupta U, Worth S, Bachiashvili K, et al. Tumor lysis syndrome and infectious complications during treatment with venetoclax combined with azacitidine or decitabine in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res. 2022 Jun. 117:106844. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

21. Leibowitz AB, Adamsky C, Gabrilove J, Labow DM. Intraoperative acute tumor lysis syndrome during laparoscopic splenectomy preceded by splenic artery embolization. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2007 Jun. 17(3):210-1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

22. Mughal TI, Ejaz AA, Foringer JR, Coiffier B. An integrated clinical approach for the identification, prevention, and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome. Cancer Treat Rev. 2010 Apr. 36(2):164-76. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

23. Rosner MH, Perazella MA. Acute kidney injury in the patient with cancer. Kidney Res Clin Pract. 2019 Sep 30. 38 (3):295-308. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

24. [Guideline] Coiffier B, Altman A, Pui CH, Younes A, Cairo MS. Guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult tumor lysis syndrome: an evidence-based review. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jun 1. 26(16):2767-78. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

25. Del Toro G, Morris E, Cairo MS. Tumor lysis syndrome: pathophysiology, definition, and alternative treatment approaches. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2005 Jan. 3(1):54-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

26. Jones DP, Mahmoud H, Chesney RW. Tumor lysis syndrome: pathogenesis and management. Pediatr Nephrol. 1995 Apr. 9(2):206-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

27. Rohaly-Davis J, Johnston K. Hematologic emergencies in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Nurs Q. 1996 Feb. 18(4):35-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

28. Mahmoud HH, Leverger G, Patte C, et al. Advances in the management of malignancy-associated hyperuricaemia. Br J Cancer. 1998 Jun. 77 Suppl 4:18-20. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

29. Yim BT, Sims-McCallum RP, Chong PH. Rasburicase for the treatment and prevention of hyperuricemia. Ann Pharmacother. 2003 Jul-Aug. 37(7-8):1047-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

30. Bessmertny O, Robitaille LM, Cairo MS. Rasburicase: a new approach for preventing and/or treating tumor lysis syndrome. Curr Pharm Des. 2005. 11(32):4177-85. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

31. Goldman SC. Rasburicase: potential role in managing tumor lysis in patients with hematological malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2003 Aug. 3(4):429-33. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

32. Jeha S, Pui CH. Recombinant urate oxidase (rasburicase) in the prophylaxis and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome. Contrib Nephrol. 2005. 147:69-79. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

33. Browning LA, Kruse JA. Hemolysis and methemoglobinemia secondary to rasburicase administration. Ann Pharmacother. 2005 Nov. 39(11):1932-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

34. Kizer N, Martinez E, Powell M. Report of two cases of rasburicase-induced methemoglobinemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2006 Dec. 47(12):2648-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

35. ELITEK (rasburicase) [package insert]. Sanofi-Aventis. May 2014. Available at [Full Text].

36. Nauffal M, Redd R, Ni J, Stone RM, DeAngelo DJ, McDonnell AM. Single 6-mg dose of rasburicase: The experience in a large academic medical center. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2018 Aug 15. 1078155218791333. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

37. Maie K, Yokoyama Y, Kurita N, Minohara H, Yanagimoto S, Hasegawa Y, et al. Hypouricemic effect and safety of febuxostat used for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome. Springerplus. 2014. 3:501. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

38. Spina M, Nagy Z, Ribera JM, Federico M, Aurer I, Jordan K, et al. FLORENCE: a randomized, double-blind, phase III pivotal study of febuxostat versus allopurinol for the prevention of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in patients with hematologic malignancies at intermediate to high TLS risk. Ann Oncol. 2015 Oct. 26 (10):2155-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

39. Tamura K, Kawai Y, Kiguchi T, Okamoto M, Kaneko M, Maemondo M, et al. Efficacy and safety of febuxostat for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome in patients with malignant tumors receiving chemotherapy: a phase III, randomized, multi-center trial comparing febuxostat and allopurinol. Int J Clin Oncol. 2016 Oct. 21 (5):996-1003. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

40. Bellos I, Kontzoglou K, Psyrri A, Pergialiotis V. Febuxostat administration for the prevention of tumour lysis syndrome: A meta-analysis. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2019 Aug. 44 (4):525-533. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

41. Ito S, Fujiwara SI, Yoshizawa T, Hayatsu K, Sekiguchi K, Murahashi R, et al. Urine Xanthine Crystals in Hematologic Malignancies with Tumor Lysis Syndrome. Intern Med. 2022 Apr 2. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

Alan K Ikeda, MD Interim Medical Director, Director of Oncology, Children's Specialty Center of Las Vegas

Alan K Ikeda, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

Disclosure: I own stocks in various pharmaceutical companies. This varies on a given week for: multiple and varies.

Devapiran Jaishankar, MBBS Professor of Medicine, Division Chief of Oncology-Hematology, Director of Oncology Fellowship Program, James H Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Devapiran Jaishankar, MBBS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Hematology

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Wafik S El-Deiry, MD, PhD Rose Dunlap Professor of Medicine, Chief, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center

Wafik S El-Deiry, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Society for Clinical Investigation, American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy

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Koyamangalath Krishnan, MD, FRCP, FACP Dishner Endowed Chair of Excellence in Medicine, Professor of Medicine, James H Quillen College of Medicine at East Tennessee State University

Koyamangalath Krishnan, MD, FRCP, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Society of Hematology, Royal College of Physicians

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Steven K Bergstrom, MD Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center of Oakland

Steven K Bergstrom, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Hematology, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Oncology Group, and International Society for Experimental Hematology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Max J Coppes, MD, PhD, MBA Senior Vice President, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Medical Center; Professor of Medicine, Oncology, and Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine; Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences

Max J Coppes, MD, PhD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, and Society for Pediatric Research

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Stephan A Grupp, MD, PhD Director, Stem Cell Biology Program, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Stephan A Grupp, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, American Society of Hematology, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, and Society for Pediatric Research

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Alan K Ikeda, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Associate Director of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Mattel Children's Hospital

Alan K Ikeda, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, and American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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Koyamangalath Krishnan, MD, FRCP, FACP Dishner Endowed Chair of Excellence in Medicine, Professor of Medicine, James H Quillen College of Medicine at East Tennessee State University

Koyamangalath Krishnan, MD, FRCP, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Society of Hematology, and Royal College of Physicians

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Kathleen M Sakamoto, MD, PhD Professor and Chief, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Vice-Chair of Research, Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA; Co-Associate Program Director of the Signal Transduction Program Area, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, California Nanosystems Institute and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine

Kathleen M Sakamoto, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Hematology, American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, International Society for Experimental Hematology, Society for Pediatric Research, and Western Society for Pediatric Research

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Amit P Sarnaik, MD Staff Physician, Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University and Children's Hospital of Michigan

Amit P Sarnaik, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics

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Philip Schulman, MD Chief, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Clinical Professor, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine

Philip Schulman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American College of Physicians, American Society of Hematology, and Medical Society of the State of New York

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