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Jeffrey N Bruce, MD Edgar M Housepian Professor of Neurological Surgery Research, Vice-Chairman and Professor of Neurological Surgery, Director of Brain Tumor Tissue Bank, Director of Bartoli Brain Tumor Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons

Jeffrey N Bruce, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, New York Academy of Sciences, North American Skull Base Society, Pituitary Society, Society for Neuro-Oncology, Society of Neurological Surgeons

Disclosure: Received grant/research funds from NIH for other.

Benjamin C Kennedy, MD Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania; Director of Epilepsy and Functional Neurosurgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Herbert H Engelhard, III, MD, PhD, FACS, FAANS Professor of Clinical Neurosurgery and Bioengineering, Chief, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Medical Director, UIC Neurosurgery Clinic, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine

Herbert H Engelhard, III, MD, PhD, FACS, FAANS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Cell Biology, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Chicago Medical Society, Chicago Neurological Society, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Illinois State Medical Society, North American Spine Society, Society for Neuro-Oncology, Society for Neuroscience

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert C Shepard, MD, FACP Associate Professor of Medicine in Hematology and Oncology at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Vice President of Scientific Affairs, Therapeutic Expertise, Oncology, at PRA International

Robert C Shepard, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Association for Physician Leadership, European Society for Medical Oncology, Association of Clinical Research Professionals, American Federation for Clinical Research, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, American Medical Informatics Association, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Medical Research, American Medical Association, American Society of Hematology, Massachusetts Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

We would like to acknowledge previous contributions to this chapter from Katharine Cronk, MD,PhD; Richard C Anderson, MD; Chris E Mandigo, MD; Andrew T Parsa MD, PhD; Patrick B Senatus, MD, PhD; and Allen Waziri, MD.

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