Riley LH 3rd, Long D, Riley LH Jr. The science of whiplash. Medicine (Baltimore). 1995 Sep. 74(5):298-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sterling M, Carroll LJ, Kasch H, Kamper SJ, Stemper B. Prognosis after whiplash injury: where to from here? Discussion paper 4. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Dec 1. 36 (25 Suppl):S330-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Croft PR, Lewis M, Papageorgiou AC, et al. Risk factors for neck pain: a longitudinal study in the general population. Pain. 2001 Sep. 93(3):317-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Winkelstein BA, Nightingale RW, Richardson WJ, et al. The cervical facet capsule and its role in whiplash injury: a biomechanical investigation. Spine. 2000 May 15. 25(10):1238-46. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Farmer CM, Wells JK, Lund AK. Effects of head restraint and seat redesign on neck injury risk in rear-end crashes. Traffic Inj Prev. 2003 Jun. 4 (2):83-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Spitzer WO, Skovron ML, Salmi LR, et al. Scientific monograph of the Quebec Task Force on Whiplash-Associated Disorders: redefining "whiplash" and its management. Spine. 1995 Apr 15. 20(8 Suppl):1S-73S. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Siegmund GP, Winkelstein BA, Ivancic PC, Svensson MY, Vasavada A. The anatomy and biomechanics of acute and chronic whiplash injury. Traffic Inj Prev. 2009 Apr. 10 (2):101-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sterling M. A proposed new classification system for whiplash associated disorders--implications for assessment and management. Man Ther. 2004 May. 9 (2):60-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chiu TT, Lam TH, Hedley AJ. A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of exercise for patients with chronic neck pain. Spine. 2005 Jan 1. 30(1):E1-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Laporte C, Laville C, Lazennec JY, et al. Severe hyperflexion sprains of the lower cervical spine in adults. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1999 Jun. (363):126-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Van Oosterwijck J, Nijs J, Meeus M, Paul L. Evidence for central sensitization in chronic whiplash: a systematic literature review. Eur J Pain. 2013 Mar. 17 (3):299-312. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Nystrom NA, Freeman MD. Central Sensitization Is Modulated Following Trigger Point Anesthetization in Patients with Chronic Pain from Whiplash Trauma. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. Pain Med. 2017 Apr 17. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Siegmund GP, Myers BS, Davis MB, et al. Mechanical evidence of cervical facet capsule injury during whiplash: a cadaveric study using combined shear, compression, and extension loading. Spine. 2001 Oct 1. 26(19):2095-101. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Anderst WJ, Donaldson WF 3rd, Lee JY, et al. In vivo cervical facet joint capsule deformation during flexion-extension. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2014 Jan 29. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cagnie B, O'leary S, Elliott J, Peeters I, Parlevliet T, Danneels L. Pain-induced Changes in the Activity of the Cervical Extensor Muscles Evaluated by Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Clin J Pain. 2011 Jun. 27(5):392-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Anderson AV. Cervicogenic processes: results of injury to the cervical spine. Pain Practitioner. 2001. 11:9-11.
Igarashi A, Kikuchi S, Konno S, et al. Inflammatory cytokines released from the facet joint tissue in degenerative lumbar spinal disorders. Spine. 2004 Oct 1. 29(19):2091-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bogduk N. Point of view. Spine. 2002. 27:40-1.
Siegmund GP, Myers BS, Davis MB, et al. Human cervical motion segment flexibility and facet capsular ligament strain under combined posterior shear, extension and axial compression. Stapp Car Crash J. 2000 Nov. 44:159-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ferrari R. The many facets of whiplash. Spine. 2001 Oct 1. 26(19):2063-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barnsley L, Lord S, Bogduk N. Comparative local anaesthetic blocks in the diagnosis of cervical zygapophysial joint pain. Pain. 1993 Oct. 55(1):99-106. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pearson AM, Panjabi MM, Ivancic PC, et al. Frontal impact causes ligamentous cervical spine injury. Spine. 2005 Aug 15. 30(16):1852-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fukushima M, Kaneoka K, Ono K, et al. Neck injury mechanisms during direct face impact. Spine. 2006 Apr 15. 31(8):903-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Elkin BS, Elliott JM, Siegmund GP. Whiplash Injury or Concussion? A Possible Biomechanical Explanation for Concussion Symptoms in Some Individuals Following a Rear-End Collision. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2016 Oct. 46 (10):874-85. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar S, Ferrari R, Narayan Y. Cervical muscle response to head rotation in whiplash-type left lateral impacts. Spine. 2005 Mar 1. 30(5):536-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar S, Ferrari R, Narayan Y. Effect of head rotation in whiplash-type rear impacts. Spine J. 2005 Mar-Apr. 5(2):130-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar S, Ferrari R, Narayan Y. Electromyographic and kinematic exploration of whiplash-type rear impacts: effect of left offset impact. Spine J. 2004 Nov-Dec. 4(6):656-65; discussion 666-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar S, Ferrari R, Narayan Y. Looking away from whiplash: effect of head rotation in rear impacts. Spine. 2005 Apr 1. 30(7):760-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar S, Ferrari R, Narayan Y. The effect of trunk flexion in healthy volunteers in rear whiplash-type impacts. Spine. 2005 Aug 1. 30(15):1742-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Stemper BD, Yoganandan N, Pintar FA. Gender- and region-dependent local facet joint kinematics in rear impact: implications in whiplash injury. Spine. 2004 Aug 15. 29(16):1764-71. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Panjabi MM, Ivancic PC, Maak TG, et al. Multiplanar cervical spine injury due to head-turned rear impact. Spine. 2006 Feb 15. 31(4):420-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Maak TG, Tominaga Y, Panjabi MM, et al. Alar, transverse, and apical ligament strain due to head-turned rear impact. Spine. 2006 Mar 15. 31(6):632-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tominaga Y, Maak TG, Ivancic PC, et al. Head-turned rear impact causing dynamic cervical intervertebral foramen narrowing: implications for ganglion and nerve root injury. J Neurosurg Spine. 2006 May. 4(5):380-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ito S, Ivancic PC, Panjabi MM, et al. Soft tissue injury threshold during simulated whiplash: a biomechanical investigation. Spine. 2004 May 1. 29(9):979-87. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ito S, Panjabi MM, Ivancic PC, et al. Spinal canal narrowing during simulated whiplash. Spine. 2004 Jun 15. 29(12):1330-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tropiano P, Thollon L, Arnoux PJ, et al. Using a finite element model to evaluate human injuries application to the HUMOS model in whiplash situation. Spine. 2004 Aug 15. 29(16):1709-16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cusick JF, Pintar FA, Yoganandan N. Whiplash syndrome: kinematic factors influencing pain patterns. Spine. 2001 Jun 1. 26(11):1252-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumar S, Narayan Y, Amell T. An electromyographic study of low-velocity rear-end impacts. Spine. 2002 May 15. 27(10):1044-55. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Vasavada AN, Brault JR, Siegmund GP. Musculotendon and fascicle strains in anterior and posterior neck muscles during whiplash injury. Spine. 2007 Apr 1. 32(7):756-65. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Siegmund GP, Sanderson DJ, Myers BS, et al. Awareness affects the response of human subjects exposed to a single whiplash-like perturbation. Spine. 2003 Apr 1. 28(7):671-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Freeman MD, Croft AC, Nicodemus CN. Significant spinal injury resulting from low-level accelerations: a case series of roller coaster injuries. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Nov. 86(11):2126-30.
Mercer S, Bogduk N. The ligaments and annulus fibrosus of human adult cervical intervertebral discs. Spine. 1999 Apr 1. 24(7):619-26; discussion 627-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pettersson K, Hildingsson C, Toolanen G, et al. Disc pathology after whiplash injury. A prospective magnetic resonance imaging and clinical investigation. Spine. 1997 Feb 1. 22(3):283-7; discussion 288. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jonsson H, Cesarini K, Sahlstedt B, et al. Findings and outcome in whiplash-type neck distortions. Spine. 1994 Dec 15. 19(24):2733-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barnsley L, Lord S, Bogduk N. Whiplash injury. Pain. 1994 Sep. 58(3):283-307. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chen TY. The clinical presentation of uppermost cervical disc protrusion. Spine. 2000 Feb 15. 25(4):439-42. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dreyer SJ, Boden SD. Nonoperative treatment of neck and arm pain. Spine. 1998 Dec 15. 23(24):2746-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Freeman MD, Croft AC, Rossignol AM, et al. A review and methodologic critique of the literature refuting whiplash syndrome. Spine. 1999 Jan 1. 24(1):86-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kumagai G, Wada K, Tanaka S, et al. Prevalence of whiplash injury and its association with quality of life in local residents in Japan: A cross sectional study. J Orthop Sci. 2021 Jan 7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Haldeman S, Dagenais S. Cervicogenic headaches: a critical review. Spine J. 2001 Jan-Feb. 1(1):31-46. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lorberboym M, Gilad R, Gorin V, et al. Late whiplash syndrome: correlation of brain SPECT with neuropsychological tests and P300 event-related potential. J Trauma. 2002 Mar. 52(3):521-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Castaldo M, Ge HY, Chiarotto A, et al. Myofascial trigger points in patients with whiplash-associated disorders and mechanical neck pain. Pain Med. 2014 Mar 18. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Castaldo M, Catena A, Chiarotto A, Villafane JH, Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Arendt-Nielsen L. Association between Clinical and Neurophysiological Outcomes in Patients with Mechanical Neck Pain and Whiplash-associated Disorders. Clin J Pain. 2017 Jul 3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dall'Alba PT, Sterling MM, Treleaven JM, et al. Cervical range of motion discriminates between asymptomatic persons and those with whiplash. Spine. 2001 Oct 1. 26(19):2090-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Prushansky T, Pevzner E, Gordon C. Performance of cervical motion in chronic whiplash patients and healthy subjects: the case of atypical patients. Spine. 2006 Jan 1. 31(1):37-43.
Kasch H, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Arendt-Nielsen L, et al. Headache, neck pain, and neck mobility after acute whiplash injury: a prospective study. Spine. 2001 Jun 1. 26(11):1246-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Giannoudis PV, Mehta SS, Tsiridis E. Incidence and outcome of whiplash injury after multiple trauma. Spine. 2007 Apr 1. 32(7):776-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Uhrenholt L, Grunnet-Nilsson N, Hartvigsen J. Cervical spine lesions after road traffic accidents: a systematic review. Spine. 2002 Sep 1. 27(17):1934-41; discussion 1940. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kristjansson E, Leivseth G, Brinckmann P, et al. Increased sagittal plane segmental motion in the lower cervical spine in women with chronic whiplash-associated disorders, grades I-II: a case-control study using a new measurement protocol. Spine. 2003 Oct 1. 28(19):2215-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Matsumoto M, Fujimura Y, Suzuki N, et al. MRI of cervical intervertebral discs in asymptomatic subjects. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998 Jan. 80(1):19-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hino H, Abumi K, Kanayama M, et al. Dynamic motion analysis of normal and unstable cervical spines using cineradiography. An in vivo study. Spine. 1999 Jan 15. 24(2):163-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Buonocore E, Hartman JT, Nelson CL. Cineradiograms of cervical spine in diagnosis of soft-tissue injuries. JAMA. 1966 Oct 3. 198(1):143-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Zheng Y, Liew SM, Simmons ED. Value of magnetic resonance imaging and discography in determining the level of cervical discectomy and fusion. Spine. 2004 Oct 1. 29(19):2140-5; discussion 2146. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Leppanen R. Intraoperative monitoring of trapezius function. Spine J. 2003. 3:248.
Pezzin LE, Dillingham TR, Lauder TD, et al. Cervical radiculopathies: relationship between symptom duration and spontaneous EMG activity. Muscle Nerve. 1999 Oct. 22(10):1412-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Scholten-Peeters GG, Bekkering GE, Verhagen AP, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the physiotherapy of patients with whiplash-associated disorders. Spine. 2002 Feb 15. 27(4):412-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rosenfeld M, Gunnarsson R, Borenstein P. Early intervention in whiplash-associated disorders: a comparison of two treatment protocols. Spine. 2000 Jul 15. 25(14):1782-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rosenfeld M, Seferiadis A, Carlsson J, et al. Active intervention in patients with whiplash-associated disorders improves long-term prognosis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Spine. 2003 Nov 15. 28(22):2491-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ylinen J, Takala EP, Nykanen M, et al. Active neck muscle training in the treatment of chronic neck pain in women: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003 May 21. 289(19):2509-16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Smith A, Ritchie C, Pedler A, McCamley K, Roberts K, Sterling M. Exercise induced hypoalgesia is elicited by isometric, but not aerobic exercise in individuals with chronic whiplash associated disorders. Scand J Pain. 2017 Apr. 15:14-21. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Conlin A, Bhogal S, Sequeira K, et al. Treatment of whiplash-associated disorders--part II: medical and surgical interventions. Pain Res Manag. 2005. 10(1):33-40. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Conlin A, Bhogal S, Sequeira K, et al. Treatment of whiplash-associated disorders--part I: non-invasive interventions. Pain Res Manag. 2005. 10(1):21-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Treleaven J, Peterson G, Ludvigsson ML, Kammerlind AS, Peolsson A. Balance, dizziness and proprioception in patients with chronic whiplash associated disorders complaining of dizziness: A prospective randomized study comparing three exercise programs. Man Ther. 2015 Nov 26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Landen Ludvigsson M, Peterson G, Dedering A, Peolsson A. One- and two-year follow-up of a randomized trial of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioural approach compared with prescription of physical activity in chronic whiplash disorder. J Rehabil Med. 2015 Dec 11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rosenfeld M, Seferiadis A, Gunnarsson R. Active involvement and intervention in patients exposed to whiplash trauma in automobile crashes reduces costs: a randomized, controlled clinical trial and health economic evaluation. Spine. 2006 Jul 15. 31(16):1799-804. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kongsted A, Qerama E, Kasch H, et al. Neck collar, "act-as-usual" or active mobilization for whiplash injury? A randomized parallel-group trial. Spine. 2007 Mar 15. 32(6):618-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pietrobon R, Coeytaux RR, Carey TS, et al. Standard scales for measurement of functional outcome for cervical pain or dysfunction: a systematic review. Spine. 2002 Mar 1. 27(5):515-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Côté P, Hogg-Johnson S, Cassidy JD, et al. Early aggressive care and delayed recovery from whiplash: isolated finding or reproducible result?. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Jun 15. 57(5):861-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sampath P, Bendebba M, Davis JD, et al. Outcome in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Prospective, multicenter study with independent clinical review. Spine. 1999 Mar 15. 24(6):591-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fouyas IP, Statham PF, Sandercock PA. Cochrane review on the role of surgery in cervical spondylotic radiculomyelopathy. Spine. 2002 Apr 1. 27(7):736-47. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Soderlund A, Lindberg P. Long-term functional and psychological problems in whiplash associated disorders. Int J Rehabil Res. 1999 Jun. 22(2):77-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Verhagen AP, Scholten-Peeters GG, van Wijngaarden S, et al. Conservative treatments for whiplash. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007. (2):CD003338. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Peloso P, Gross A, Haines T, et al. Medicinal and injection therapies for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Apr 18. CD000319. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Peloso P, Gross A, Haines T, et al. Medicinal and injection therapies for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18. CD000319. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sapir DA, Gorup JM. Radiofrequency medial branch neurotomy in litigant and nonlitigant patients with cervical whiplash: a prospective study. Spine. 2001 Jun 15. 26(12):E268-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Wallis BJ, Lord SM, Bogduk N. Resolution of psychological distress of whiplash patients following treatment by radiofrequency neurotomy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pain. 1997 Oct. 73(1):15-22. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schofferman J, Bogduk N, Slosar P. Chronic whiplash and whiplash-associated disorders: an evidence-based approach. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2007 Oct. 15(10):596-606. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Freund BJ, Schwartz M. Treatment of chronic cervical-associated headache with botulinum toxin A: a pilot study. Headache. 2000 Mar. 40(3):231-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hurwitz EL, Aker PD, Adams AH, et al. Manipulation and mobilization of the cervical spine. A systematic review of the literature. Spine. 1996 Aug 1. 21(15):1746-59; discussion 1759-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Coulter ID, Hurwitz E, Adams AH, et al. The Appropriateness of Manipulation and Mobilization of the Cervical Spine. Santa Monica, Calif: RAND; 1996. 36.
Ricciardi L, Stifano V, D'Arrigo S, Polli FM, Olivi A, Sturiale CL. The role of non-rigid cervical collar in pain relief and functional restoration after whiplash injury: a systematic review and a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Spine J. 2019 Aug. 28 (8):1821-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Watanabe K, Daimon K, Fujiwara H, et al. The Long-Term Impact of Whiplash Injuries on Patient Symptoms and the Associated Degenerative Changes Detected Using MRI: A Prospective 20-Year follow-up Study Comparing Patients with Whiplash-Associated Disorders with Asymptomatic Subjects. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2020 Dec 24. Publish Ahead of Print:[QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Malik AA, Robinson S, Khan WS, Dillon B, Lovell ME. Assessment of Range of Movement, Pain and Disability Following a Whiplash Injury. Open Orthop J. 2017. 11:541-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Sterling M, Jull G, Kenardy J. Physical and psychological factors maintain long-term predictive capacity post-whiplash injury. Pain. 2006 May. 122(1-2):102-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hartling L, Brison RJ, Ardern C, et al. Prognostic value of the Quebec Classification of Whiplash-Associated Disorders. Spine. 2001 Jan 1. 26(1):36-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gun RT, Osti OL, O'Riordan A, et al. Risk factors for prolonged disability after whiplash injury: a prospective study. Spine. 2005 Feb 15. 30(4):386-91. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Oka H, Matsudaira K, Fujii T, Tanaka S, Kitagawa T. Epidemiology and psychological factors of whiplash associated disorders in Japanese population. J Phys Ther Sci. 2017 Sep. 29 (9):1510-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Elphinston RA, Thibault P, Carriere JS, Rainville P, Sullivan MJL. Cross-sectional and Prospective Correlates of Recovery Expectancies in the Rehabilitation of Whiplash Injury. Clin J Pain. 2017 Aug 9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hendriks EJ, Scholten-Peeters GG, van der Windt DA, et al. Prognostic factors for poor recovery in acute whiplash patients. Pain. 2005 Apr. 114(3):408-16. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Walton DM, Pretty J, Macdermid JC, et al. Risk factors for persistent problems following whiplash injury: results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 May. 39(5):334-50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sterling M, Hendrikz J, Kenardy J, Kristjansson E, Dumas JP, Niere K, et al. Assessment and validation of prognostic models for poor functional recovery 12months after whiplash injury: A multicentre inception cohort study. Pain. 2012 Aug. 153(8):1727-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Vangronsveld K, Peters M, Goossens M, et al. Applying the fear-avoidance model to the chronic whiplash syndrome. Pain. 2007 Oct. 131(3):258-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Radanov BP, Sturzenegger M, Di Stefano G. Long-term outcome after whiplash injury. A 2-year follow-up considering features of injury mechanism and somatic, radiologic, and psychosocial findings. Medicine (Baltimore). 1995 Sep. 74(5):281-97. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Côté P, Cassidy JD, Carroll L. The factors associated with neck pain and its related disability in the Saskatchewan population. Spine. 2000 May 1. 25(9):1109-17. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cassidy JD, Carroll L, Côté P, et al. Low back pain after traffic collisions: a population-based cohort study. Spine. 2003 May 15. 28(10):1002-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kivioja J, Själin M, Lindgren U. Psychiatric morbidity in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorder. Spine. 2004 Jun 1. 29(11):1235-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Carroll LJ, Cassidy JD, Côté P. Frequency, timing, and course of depressive symptomatology after whiplash. Spine. 2006 Jul 15. 31(16):E551-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Buskila D, Neumann L, Vaisberg G, et al. Increased rates of fibromyalgia following cervical spine injury. A controlled study of 161 cases of traumatic injury. Arthritis Rheum. 1997 Mar. 40(3):446-52. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Scott D, Jull G, Sterling M. Widespread sensory hypersensitivity is a feature of chronic whiplash-associated disorder but not chronic idiopathic neck pain. Clin J Pain. Mar/Apr 2005. 21(2):175-81.
Ferrari R, Russell AS, Carroll LJ. A re-examination of the whiplash associated disorders (WAD) as a systemic illness. Ann Rheum Dis. Sep 2005. 64(9):1337-42.
Sale H, Bryndahl F, Isberg A. A 15-year follow-up of temporomandibular joint symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings in whiplash patients: a prospective, controlled study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014 Apr. 117(4):522-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cote P, Cassidy JD, Carroll L, et al. A systematic review of the prognosis of acute whiplash and a new conceptual framework to synthesize the literature. Spine. 2001 Oct 1. 26(19):E445-58. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].