Massaro F, Lanotte M, Faccani G. Acute traumatic central cord syndrome. Acta Neurol (Napoli). 1993 Apr. 15(2):97-105. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schneider RC, Cherry G, Pantek H. The syndrome of acute central cervical spinal cord injury; with special reference to the mechanisms involved in hyperextension injuries of cervical spine. J Neurosurg. 1954 Nov. 11(6):546-77. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Nowak DD, Lee JK, Gelb DE, et al. Central cord syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2009 Dec. 17(12):756-65. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ameer MA, Tessler J, Gillis CC. Central Cord Syndrome. StatPearls. 2022 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Molliqaj G, Payer M, Schaller K, Tessitore E. Acute traumatic central cord syndrome: a comprehensive review. Neurochirurgie. 2014 Feb-Apr. 60 (1-2):5-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Ameer MA, Stobart Gallagher MA, Gillis CC. Central Cord Syndrome. StatPearls. 2020 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Song J, Mizuno J, Inoue T, et al. Clinical evaluation of traumatic central cord syndrome: emphasis on clinical significance of prevertebral hyperintensity, cord compression, and intramedullary high-signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging. Surg Neurol. 2006 Feb. 65(2):117-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Noonan VK, Kopec JA, Zhang H, et al. Impact of associated conditions resulting from spinal cord injury on health status and quality of life in people with traumatic central cord syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008 Jun. 89(6):1074-82. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dai L. Magnetic resonance imaging of acute central cord syndrome: correlation with prognosis. Chin Med Sci J. 2001 Jun. 16(2):107-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Aarabi B, Koltz M, Ibrahimi D. Hyperextension cervical spine injuries and traumatic central cord syndrome. Neurosurg Focus. 2008. 25(5):E9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chen L, Yang H, Yang T, et al. Effectiveness of surgical treatment for traumatic central cord syndrome. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009 Jan. 10(1):3-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Anderson KK, Tetreault L, Shamji MF, et al. Optimal Timing of Surgical Decompression for Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Neurosurgery. 2015 Oct. 77 Suppl 4:S15-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Stevenson CM, Dargan DP, Warnock J, et al. Traumatic central cord syndrome: neurological and functional outcome at 3 years. Spinal Cord. 2016 Nov. 54 (11):1010-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Quencer RM, Bunge RP, Egnor M, et al. Acute traumatic central cord syndrome: MRI-pathological correlations. Neuroradiology. 1992. 34(2):85-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ronzi Y, Perrouin-Verbe B, Hamel O, Gross R. Spinal cord injury associated with cervical spinal canal stenosis: Outcomes and prognostic factors. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2018 Jan. 61 (1):27-32. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
McKinley W, Santos K, Meade M, et al. Incidence and outcomes of spinal cord injury clinical syndromes. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007. 30(3):215-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Aito S, D'Andrea M, Werhagen L, et al. Neurological and functional outcome in traumatic central cord syndrome. Spinal Cord. 2007 Apr. 45(4):292-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Chen LF, Chang HK, Chen YC, et al. Five-year medical expenses of central cord syndrome: analysis using a national cohort. J Neurosurg Sci. 2016 Oct 19. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Thompson C, Mutch J, Parent S, Mac-Thiong JM. The changing demographics of traumatic spinal cord injury: An 11-year study of 831 patients. J Spinal Cord Med. 2015 Mar. 38 (2):214-23. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Passias PG, Poorman GW, Segreto FA, et al. Traumatic Fractures of the Cervical Spine: Analysis of Changes in Incidence, Cause, Concurrent Injuries, and Complications Among 488,262 Patients from 2005 to 2013. World Neurosurg. 2018 Feb. 110:e427-37. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jain A, Brooks JT, Rao SS, Ain MC, Sponseller PD. Cervical fractures with associated spinal cord injury in children and adolescents: epidemiology, costs, and in-hospital mortality rates in 4418 patients. J Child Orthop. 2015 Jun. 9 (3):171-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Schroeder GD, Kepler CK, Hjelm N, Vaccaro AR, Weinstein MS. The effect of vertebral fracture on the early neurologic recovery in patients with central cord syndrome. Eur Spine J. 2015 May. 24 (5):985-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schroeder GD, Hjelm N, Vaccaro AR, Weinstein MS, Kepler CK. The effect of increased T2 signal intensity in the spinal cord on the injury severity and early neurological recovery in patients with central cord syndrome. J Neurosurg Spine. 2016 May. 24 (5):792-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gil-Agudo A, Perez-Rizo E, Del Ama-Espinosa A, et al. Comparative biomechanical gait analysis of patients with central cord syndrome walking with one crutch and two crutches. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2009 Aug. 24(7):551-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yoshihara H, Yoneoka D. Trends in the treatment for traumatic central cord syndrome without bone injury in the United States from 2000 to 2009. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013 Sep. 75(3):453-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Brodell DW, Jain A, Elfar JC, et al. National trends in the management of central cord syndrome: an analysis of 16,134 patients. Spine J. 2014 Sep 28. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dahdaleh NS, Lawton CD, El Ahmadieh TY, et al. Evidence-based management of central cord syndrome. Neurosurg Focus. 2013 Jul. 35(1):E6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Jin W, Sun X, Wang J, et al. Recurrent Neurologic Deterioration After Conservative Treatment for Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome without bony injury: 17 operative cases report. J Neurotrauma. 2016 Nov 14. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kepler CK, Kong C, Schroeder GD, et al. Early outcome and predictors of early outcome in patients treated surgically for central cord syndrome. J Neurosurg Spine. 2015 Oct. 23 (4):490-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Park MS, Moon SH, Lee HM, et al. Delayed surgical intervention in central cord syndrome with cervical stenosis. Global Spine J. 2015 Feb. 5(1):69-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Samuel AM, Grant RA, Bohl DD, et al. Delayed surgery after acute traumatic central cord syndrome is associated with reduced mortality. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2015 Mar 1. 40 (5):349-56. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Godzik J, Dalton J, Hemphill C, et al. Early surgical intervention among patients with acute central cord syndrome is not associated with higher mortality and morbidity. J Spine Surg. 2019 Dec. 5 (4):466-74. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Wilson JR, BSc LT, Aarabi B, et al. 181 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Spinal Cord Injury: The Optimal Timing of Decompression. Neurosurgery. 2016 Aug. 63 Suppl 1:172. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yelamarthy PKK, Chhabra HS, Vaccaro A, et al. Management and prognosis of acute traumatic cervical central cord syndrome: systematic review and Spinal Cord Society-Spine Trauma Study Group position statement. Eur Spine J. 2019 Oct. 28 (10):2390-407. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinal-cord injury. Results of the Second National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study. N Engl J Med. 1990 May 17. 322(20):1405-11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Holford TR, et al. Administration of methylprednisolone for 24 or 48 hours or tirilazad mesylate for 48 hours in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury. Results of the Third National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Randomized Controlled Trial. National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study. JAMA. 1997 May 28. 277 (20):1597-604. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hadley MN, Walters BC, Grabb PA, et al. Pharmacological Therapy after Acute Cervical Spinal Cord Injury. Neurosurgery. 2002 Mar 1. 50 (suppl_3):S63-S72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hurlbert RJ, Hadley MN, Walters BC, et al. Pharmacological therapy for acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery. 2013 Mar. 72 Suppl 2:93-105. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Sayer FT, Kronvall E, Nilsson OG. Methylprednisolone treatment in acute spinal cord injury: the myth challenged through a structured analysis of published literature. Spine J. 2006 May-Jun. 6 (3):335-43. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
[Guideline] Fehlings MG, Tetreault LA, Wilson JR, et a;. A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Introduction, Rationale, and Scope. Global Spine J. 2017 Sep. 7 (3 Suppl):84S-94S. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Haller H, Leblhuber F, Trenkler J, et al. Treatment of chronic neuropathic pain after traumatic central cervical cord lesion with gabapentin. J Neural Transm. 2003 Sep. 110(9):977-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Lenehan B, Street J, O'Toole P, et al. Central cord syndrome in Ireland: the effect of age on clinical outcome. Eur Spine J. 2009 Oct. 18(10):1458-63. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Wirz M, Zorner B, Rupp R, et al. Outcome after incomplete spinal cord injury: central cord versus Brown-Sequard syndrome. Spinal Cord. 2009 Nov 10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hohl JB, Lee JY, Horton JA, et al. A Novel Classification System for Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: The Central Cord Injury Scale (CCIS). Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Mar 11. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Anderson DG, Sayadipour A, Limthongkul W, Martin ND, Vaccaro A, Harrop JS. Traumatic central cord syndrome: neurologic recovery after surgical management. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2012 Aug. 41(8):E104-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Miranda P, Gomez P, Alday R. Acute traumatic central cord syndrome: analysis of clinical and radiological correlations. J Neurosurg Sci. 2008 Dec. 52(4):107-12; discussion 112. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Zhang C, Lee VKH, Yu JML, Cheung JPY, Koljonen PA, Shea GKH. Length of Cervical Stenosis, Admission ASIA Motor Scores, and BASIC Scores Are Predictors of Recovery Rate Following Central Cord Syndrome. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2022 Feb 1. 47 (3):212-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].