Leydig Cell Tumors Differential Diagnoses

Updated: Sep 18, 2023
  • Author: Thomas Calvert, MD, MPH; Chief Editor: Edward David Kim, MD, FACS  more...
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DDx

Diagnostic Considerations

Other problems to be considered in the differential diagnosis of Leydig cell tumors include the following:

  • Leydig cell hyperplasia
  • Large cell Sertoli cell tumors
  • Hyperplastic testicular nodules in persons with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • Feminizing testicular disorders
  • Feminizing adrenocortical disorders
  • Pituitary lesions
  • Klinefelter syndrome

Immunochemistry analysis of calretinin is helpful in distinguishing Leydig cell tumors from Sertoli cell tumors.  Leydig cell tumors exhibit strong cytoplasmic and nuclear expression while Sertoli cell tumors exhibit weak cytoplasmic expression only. [15]