Brachytherapy (Radioactive Seed Implantation Therapy) in Prostate Cancer Medication

Updated: Sep 22, 2020
  • Author: Lanna Cheuck, DO; Chief Editor: Edward David Kim, MD, FACS  more...
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Medication

Medication Summary

The goals of pharmacotherapy are to prevent complications and reduce morbidity.

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Antibiotics, Other

Class Summary

Prophylactic intravenous antibiotics may be given at the time of the procedure. Prophylactic therapy should cover all likely pathogens in the context of this clinical setting.

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis and, consequently, growth, by inhibiting DNA gyrase and topoisomerases, which are required for replication, transcription, and translation of genetic material. Quinolones have broad activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic organisms. Ciprofloxacin has no activity against anaerobes.

Cefazolin

Cefazolin is a first-generation semisynthetic cephalosporin, which, by binding to 1 or more penicillin-binding proteins, arrests bacterial cell wall synthesis and inhibits bacterial replication. It has a poor capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier. Cefazolin is primarily active against skin flora, including Staphylococcus aureus. Regimens for intravenous and intramuscular dosing are similar.

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Anticoagulants, Hematologic

Class Summary

Administer subcutaneous heparin if the patient has a history of deep venous thrombosis. Anticoagulants prevent recurrent or ongoing thromboembolic occlusion of the vertebrobasilar circulation. In patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation has been performed successfully, albeit with additional risk, by using alternative anticoagulants.

Heparin

Heparin may be used if thrombocytopenia is not present. Heparin augments the activity of antithrombin III and prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. It does not actively lyse but is able to inhibit further thrombogenesis. Heparin prevents recurrence of a clot after spontaneous fibrinolysis.

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