Overview
What is atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Which conditions are associated with atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Which studies are performed in the workup of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
How is the treatment for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery determined?
Which medications are used in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the endovascular treatment of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the anatomy of the carotid artery relevant to atherosclerotic disease?
What is the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the prevalence of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the prognosis of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Presentation
Which clinical history findings are characteristic of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Which physical findings are characteristic of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What are the possible complications of surgery for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Who should be screen for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Workup
Which lab tests are performed in the evaluation of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the role of ultrasonography in the workup of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the role of arteriography in the workup of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the role of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the role of ECG in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is the role of MRA in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Treatment
What are the risk factors for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
When is CEA indicated for the treatment of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
When is CEA contraindicated for the treatment of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
How is CEA performed to treat atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What is postoperative care following CEA for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
What are the indications for CAS to treat atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
How is CAS performed for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
Medications
What are the goals of medical treatment for atherosclerotic disease of the carotid artery?
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Arteriogram of aortic arch and its branches.
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Arteriogram of carotid stenosis.
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Atherosclerotic plaque removed at time of carotid endarterectomy (areas of ulceration with thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage are present).
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Carotid artery exposed prior to carotid endarterectomy (coil present in internal carotid artery).
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Carotid artery following endarterectomy and prior to closure (tapered endpoint and smooth appearance of lumen).
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Carotid artery following Dacron patch angioplasty.
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Selective left carotid angiogram.
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Oblique view of left carotid artery demonstrating lesion within internal carotid artery.
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Placement of stent into internal carotid artery. Note filter wire in upper photos (dots at top of internal carotid artery).
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Angioplasty after stent placement; again, note filter wire protecting distal carotid artery.
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Completion arteriogram displaying improvement in diameter of internal carotid artery.
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Normal carotid arteries on color flow duplex ultrasonography.
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Color flow duplex ultrasonogram reveals 80-99% left carotid stenosis and normal right carotid.
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Carotid plaque.