Sinus Bradycardia Questions & Answers

1. Wung SF. Bradyarrhythmias: clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2016 Sep. 28(3):297-308. [Medline].

2. Guasch E, Mont L. Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of exercise-induced arrhythmias. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2017 Feb. 14(2):88-101. [Medline].

3. Semelka M, Gera J, Usman S. Sick sinus syndrome: a review. Am Fam Physician. 2013 May 15. 87(10):691-6. [Medline].

4. Malik MG, Franklin SM, Whigham LA, Castellanos A, Fontaine JM. Asymptomatic sinus bradycardia following bariatric surgery. Am J Cardiol. 2014 Mar 15. 113(6):1049-53. [Medline].

5. Wasfy MM, DeLuca J, Wang F, et al. ECG findings in competitive rowers: normative data and the prevalence of abnormalities using contemporary screening recommendations. Br J Sports Med. 2015 Feb. 49(3):200-6. [Medline].

6. [Guideline] Tracy CM, Epstein AE, Darbar D, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update of the 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. [corrected]. Circulation. 2012 Oct 2. 126(14):1784-800. [Medline].

7. [Guideline] Brignole M, Auricchio A, Baron-Esquivias G, et al. 2013 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the Task Force on cardiac pacing and resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Eur Heart J. 2013 Aug. 34(29):2281-329. [Medline].

8. [Guideline] Nolan JP, Morley PT, Vanden Hoek TL, et al. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: an advisory statement by the advanced life support task force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. Circulation. 2003 Jul 8. 108(1):118-21. [Medline].

9. [Guideline] Field JM, Hazinski MF, Sayre MR, et al. Part 1: Executive summary: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010 Nov 2. 122(18 Suppl 3):S640-56. [Medline].

10. Grantham HJ. Emergency management of acute cardiac arrhythmias. Aust Fam Physician. 2007 Jul. 36(7):492-7. [Medline]. [Full Text].

11. Dakkak W, Doukky R. Rhythm, Sick Sinus Syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. 2017 Nov 27. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Mark W Livingston, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yakima Valley Memorial Hospital

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

David T Overton, MD, MBA Professor and Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine, Associate Dean for Graduate Medical Education, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker, MD, School of Medicine

David T Overton, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, Association of Academic Chairs of Emergency Medicine, Michigan College of Emergency Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Gary Setnik, MD Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital; Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School

Gary Setnik, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, National Association of EMS Physicians

Disclosure: Medical Director for: SironaHealth.

Erik D Schraga, MD Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mills-Peninsula Emergency Medical Associates

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Daniel J Dire, MD, FACEP, FAAP, FAAEM Clinical Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Clinical Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio

Daniel J Dire, MD, FACEP, FAAP, FAAEM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, Association of Military Surgeons of the US

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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