Overview
What is the difference between primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency in adrenal crisis?
How does hypopituitarism contribute to adrenal crisis?
What is the importance of early and accurate diagnosis of adrenal crisis?
What is the normal function of the adrenal medullae and adrenal cortex?
What are the physiologic effects of glucocorticoids relative to adrenal crisis?
What causes primary adrenal insufficiency?
What causes secondary adrenal insufficiency?
What causes acute adrenal insufficiency?
How common is adrenocortical insufficiency in the US?
What is the international incidence of adrenal crisis?
What is the mortality of acute adrenocortical insufficiency?
Is idiopathic autoimmune adrenal insufficiency more common in men or women?
At what age is idiopathic autoimmune adrenal insufficiency most commonly diagnosed?
Presentation
What are the notable features in the history of patients with adrenal crisis?
What are the physical findings in patients with adrenal insufficiency or crisis?
What are the causes and related conditions associated with adrenal crisis?
DDX
What is the relationship between etomidate and adrenal crisis?
What are the differential diagnoses for Adrenal Crisis in Emergency Medicine?
Workup
Which lab studies are indicated in suspected adrenal crisis?
Which imaging studies are indicated in suspected adrenal crisis?
Which additional tests are indicated in the workup of adrenal crisis?
Treatment
What is the emergency department treatment of adrenal crisis?
Which specialist consultations are indicated in suspected adrenal crisis?
What are the monitoring procedures for patients with adrenal crisis?
Guidelines
What are the Society for Endocrinology’s diagnostic recommendations for adrenal crisis?
What are the Society for Endocrinology’s recommendations for emergency treatment of adrenal crisis?
Medications
What are the goals of treating adrenal insufficiency and crisis?
-
Regulation of the adrenal cortex.