Metabolic Acidosis in Emergency Medicine Questions & Answers

1. Hopkins E, Sanvictores T, Sharma S. Physiology, Acid Base Balance. StatPearls. 2022 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

2. Burger MK, Schaller DJ. Metabolic Acidosis. StatPearls. 2022 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

3. Matyukhin I, Patschan S, Ritter O, Patschan D. Etiology and Management of Acute Metabolic Acidosis: An Update. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2020. 45 (4):523-31. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

4. Arif A, Aggarwal S. Renal Tubular Acidosis. 2018 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

5. Brubaker RH, Vashisht R, Meseeha M. High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis. StatPearls. 2020 Jan. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

6. Reddy P, Mooradian AD. Clinical utility of anion gap in deciphering acid-base disorders. Int J Clin Pract. 2009 Oct. 63(10):1516-25. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

7. Stewart PA. Modern quantitative acid-base chemistry. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1983 Dec. 61(12):1444-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

8. Masevicius FD, Dubin A. Has Stewart approach improved our ability to diagnose acid-base disorders in critically ill patients?. World J Crit Care Med. 2015 Feb 4. 4 (1):62-70. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

9. Raikou VD Md PhD. Metabolic acidosis status and mortality in patients on the end stage of renal disease. J Transl Int Med. 2016 Dec 1. 4 (4):170-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

10. Park S, Kang E, Park S, et al. Metabolic Acidosis and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jun. 28 (6):1886-97. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

11. Safari S, Hashemi B, Forouzanfar MM, Shahhoseini M, Heidari M. Epidemiology and Outcome of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury in Emergency Department; a Cross-Sectional Study. Emerg (Tehran). 2018. 6 (1):e30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

12. Manara A, Hantson P, Vanpee D, Thys F. Lactic acidosis following intentional overdose by inhalation of salmeterol and fluticasone. CJEM. 2012 Nov. 14(6):378-81. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

13. Gokhale YA, Vaidya MS, Mehta AD, Rathod NN. Isoniazid toxicity presenting as status epilepticus and severe metabolic acidosis. J Assoc Physicians India. 2009 Jan. 57:70-1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

14. Dell'aglio DM, Perino LJ, Kazzi Z, Abramson J, Schwartz MD, Morgan BW. Acute Metformin Overdose: Examining Serum pH, Lactate Level, and Metformin Concentrations in Survivors Versus Nonsurvivors: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Ann Emerg Med. 2009 Jun 24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

15. Wilson RF, Spencer AR, Tyburski JG, Dolman H, Zimmerman LH. Bicarbonate therapy in severely acidotic trauma patients increases mortality. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013 Jan. 74(1):45-50; discussion 50. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].

16. Misra S, Barron E, Vamos E, et al. Temporal trends in emergency admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis in people with diabetes in England before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 Oct. 9 (10):671-80. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

17. Nogi K, Shiraishi A, Yamamoto R, et al. Intermittent Hemodialysis for Managing Metabolic Acidosis During Resuscitation of Septic Shock: A Descriptive Study. Crit Care Explor. 2019 Dec. 1 (12):e0065. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].

Antonia Quinn, DO Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Assistant Residency Director, Attending Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kings County Hospital Center, SUNY Downstate Medical Center

Antonia Quinn, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Richard H Sinert, DO Professor of Emergency Medicine, Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine, Research Director, State University of New York College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Vice-Chair in Charge of Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kings County Hospital Center

Richard H Sinert, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Howard A Bessen, MD Professor of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine; Program Director, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

Howard A Bessen, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Emergency Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Romesh Khardori, MD, PhD, FACP (Retired) Professor, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School

Romesh Khardori, MD, PhD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Physicians, American Diabetes Association, Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Erik D Schraga, MD Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mills-Peninsula Emergency Medical Associates

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

The authors and editors of Medscape Reference gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, Karen L Stavile, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

• Print this section
• Print the entire contents of
• Print the entire contents of article