Yeh B. Evidence-based emergency medicine/rational clinical examination abstract. Does this adult patient have appendicitis?. Ann Emerg Med. 2008 Sep. 52(3):301-3. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Markle GB 4th. Heel-drop jarring test for appendicitis. Arch Surg. 1985 Feb. 120(2):243. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Thimsen DA, Tong GK, Gruenberg JC. Prospective evaluation of C-reactive protein in patients suspected to have acute appendicitis. Am Surg. 1989 Jul. 55(7):466-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
de Carvalho BR, Diogo-Filho A, Fernandes C, Barra CB. [Leukocyte count, C reactive protein, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in acute appendicitis]. Arq Gastroenterol. 2003 Jan-Mar. 40(1):25-30. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Albu E, Miller BM, Choi Y, et al. Diagnostic value of C-reactive protein in acute appendicitis. Dis Colon Rectum. 1994 Jan. 37(1):49-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bolandparvaz S, Vasei M, Owji AA, et al. Urinary 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid as a test for early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Clin Biochem. 2004 Nov. 37(11):985-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kim K, Kim YH, Kim SY, et al. Low-dose abdominal CT for evaluating suspected appendicitis. N Engl J Med. 2012 Apr 26. 366(17):1596-605. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Howell JM, Eddy OL, Lukens TW, Thiessen ME, Weingart SD, Decker WW. Clinical policy: Critical issues in the evaluation and management of emergency department patients with suspected appendicitis. Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Jan. 55(1):71-116. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
[Guideline] National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC). Guideline summary: Clinical policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of emergency department patients with suspected appendicitis. National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), Rockville (MD). Available at http://guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=15598. Accessed: November 18, 2013.
Barloon TJ, Brown BP, Abu-Yousef MM, Warnock N, Berbaum KS. Sonography of acute appendicitis in pregnancy. Abdom Imaging. 1995 Mar-Apr. 20(2):149-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Manterola C, Vial M, Moraga J, Astudillo P. Analgesia in patients with acute abdominal pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jan 19. 1:CD005660. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Karamanakos SN, Sdralis E, Panagiotopoulos S, Kehagias I. Laparoscopy in the emergency setting: a retrospective review of 540 patients with acute abdominal pain. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2010 Apr. 20(2):119-24. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pham XD, Sullins VF, Kim DY, et al. Factors predictive of complicated appendicitis in children. J Surg Res. 2016 Nov. 206(1):62-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Niwa H, Hiramatsu T. A rare presentation of appendiceal diverticulitis associated with pelvic pseudocyst. World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Feb 28. 14(8):1293-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Place RC. Acute urinary retention in a 9-year-old child: an atypical presentation of acute appendicitis. J Emerg Med. 2006 Aug. 31(2):173-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Oto A, Ernst RD, Mileski WJ, et al. Localization of appendix with MDCT and influence of findings on choice of appendectomy incision. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 Oct. 187(4):987-90. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Sedlak M, Wagner OJ, Wild B, Papagrigoriades S, Exadaktylos AK. Is there still a role for rectal examination in suspected appendicitis in adults?. Am J Emerg Med. 2008 Mar. 26(3):359-60. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Alvarado A. A practical score for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 May. 15(5):557-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schneider C, Kharbanda A, Bachur R. Evaluating appendicitis scoring systems using a prospective pediatric cohort. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Jun. 49(6):778-84, 784.e1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Schneider C, Kharbanda A, Bachur R. Evaluating appendicitis scoring systems using a prospective pediatric cohort. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Jun. 49(6):778-84, 784.e1. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Migraine S, Atri M, Bret PM, Lough JO, Hinchey JE. Spontaneously resolving acute appendicitis: clinical and sonographic documentation. Radiology. 1997 Oct. 205(1):55-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cobben LP, de Van Otterloo AM, Puylaert JB. Spontaneously resolving appendicitis: frequency and natural history in 60 patients. Radiology. 2000 May. 215(2):349-52. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dueholm S, Bagi P, Bud M. Laboratory aid in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A blinded, prospective trial concerning diagnostic value of leukocyte count, neutrophil differential count, and C-reactive protein. Dis Colon Rectum. 1989 Oct. 32(10):855-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gurleyik E, Gurleyik G, Unalmiser S. Accuracy of serum C-reactive protein measurements in diagnosis of acute appendicitis compared with surgeon's clinical impression. Dis Colon Rectum. 1995 Dec. 38(12):1270-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Shakhatreh HS. The accuracy of C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis compared with that of clinical diagnosis. Med Arh. 2000. 54(2):109-10. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Asfar S, Safar H, Khoursheed M, Dashti H, al-Bader A. Would measurement of C-reactive protein reduce the rate of negative exploration for acute appendicitis?. J R Coll Surg Edinb. 2000 Feb. 45(1):21-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Erkasap S, Ates E, Ustuner Z, et al. Diagnostic value of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in acute appendicitis. Swiss Surg. 2000. 6(4):169-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gronroos JM, Gronroos P. Leucocyte count and C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Br J Surg. 1999 Apr. 86(4):501-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Ortega-Deballon P, Ruiz de Adana-Belbel JC, Hernandez-Matias A, Garcia-Septiem J, Moreno-Azcoita M. Usefulness of laboratory data in the management of right iliac fossa pain in adults. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008 Jul. 51(7):1093-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gronroos JM. Is there a role for leukocyte and CRP measurements in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the elderly?. Maturitas. 1999 Mar 15. 31(3):255-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yang HR, Wang YC, Chung PK, et al. Role of leukocyte count, neutrophil percentage, and C-reactive protein in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the elderly. Am Surg. 2005 Apr. 71(4):344-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Gronroos JM. Do normal leucocyte count and C-reactive protein value exclude acute appendicitis in children?. Acta Paediatr. 2001 Jun. 90(6):649-51. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Stefanutti G, Ghirardo V, Gamba P. Inflammatory markers for acute appendicitis in children: are they helpful?. J Pediatr Surg. 2007 May. 42(5):773-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Mohammed AA, Daghman NA, Aboud SM, Oshibi HO. The diagnostic value of C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and neutrophil percentage in childhood appendicitis. Saudi Med J. 2004 Sep. 25(9):1212-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yang HR, Wang YC, Chung PK, Chen WK, Jeng LB, Chen RJ. Laboratory tests in patients with acute appendicitis. ANZ J Surg. 2006 Jan-Feb. 76(1-2):71-4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Tundidor Bermudez AM, Amado Dieguez JA, Montes de Oca Mastrapa JL. [Urological manifestations of acute appendicitis]. Arch Esp Urol. 2005 Apr. 58(3):207-12. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Rao PM, Rhea JT, Rattner DW, et al. Introduction of appendiceal CT: impact on negative appendectomy and appendiceal perforation rates. Ann Surg. 1999 Mar. 229(3):344-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
McGory ML, Zingmond DS, Nanayakkara D, Maggard MA, Ko CY. Negative appendectomy rate: influence of CT scans. Am Surg. 2005 Oct. 71(10):803-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Harswick C, Uyenishi AA, Kordick MF, Chan SB. Clinical guidelines, computed tomography scan, and negative appendectomies: a case series. Am J Emerg Med. 2006 Jan. 24(1):68-72. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Frei SP, Bond WF, Bazuro RK, Richardson DM, Sierzega GM, Reed JF. Appendicitis outcomes with increasing computed tomographic scanning. Am J Emerg Med. 2008 Jan. 26(1):39-44. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Pickhardt PJ, Lawrence EM, Pooler BD, Bruce RJ. Diagnostic performance of multidetector computed tomography for suspected acute appendicitis. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Jun 21. 154(12):789-96. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kepner AM, Bacasnot JV, Stahlman BA. Intravenous contrast alone vs intravenous and oral contrast computed tomography for the diagnosis of appendicitis in adult ED patients. Am J Emerg Med. 2012 Nov. 30(9):1765-73. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Evrimler S, Okumuser I, Unal N. Computed tomography (CT) findings of a diagnostic dilemma: atypically located acute appendicitis. Pol J Radiol. 2016 Dec 4. 81:583-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Polites SF, Mohamed MI, Habermann EB, et al. A simple algorithm reduces computed tomography use in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children. Surgery. 2014 Aug. 156(2):448-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Douglas D. Algorithm cuts pediatric CT use in suspected appendicitis. Reuters Health Information. July 10, 2014. [Full Text].
Brenner DJ, Hall EJ. Computed tomography--an increasing source of radiation exposure. N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 29. 357(22):2277-84. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Zilbert NR, Stamell EF, Ezon I, Schlager A, Ginsburg HB, Nadler EP. Management and outcomes for children with acute appendicitis differ by hospital type: areas for improvement at public hospitals. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2009 Jun. 48(5):499-504. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Doria AS, Moineddin R, Kellenberger CJ, et al. US or CT for diagnosis of appendicitis in children and adults? A meta-analysis. Radiology. 2006 Oct. 241(1):83-94. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Boggs W. Ultrasound/MRI strategy diagnoses appendicitis in kids without radiation. Medscape Medical News. March 4, 2014. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/821332. Accessed: March 12, 2014.
Aspelund G, Fingeret A, Gross E, et al. Ultrasonography/MRI versus CT for diagnosing appendicitis. Pediatrics. 2014 Apr. 133(4):586-93. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Xu Y, Jeffrey RB, Chang ST, DiMaio MA, Olcott EW. Sonographic differentiation of complicated from uncomplicated appendicitis: implications for antibiotics-first therapy. J Ultrasound Med. 2017 Feb. 36(2):269-77. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Cobben LP, Groot I, Haans L, Blickman JG, Puylaert J. MRI for clinically suspected appendicitis during pregnancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004 Sep. 183(3):671-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Repplinger MD, Levy JF, Peethumnongsin E, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the accuracy of MRI to diagnose appendicitis in the general population. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2016 Jun. 43(6):1346-54. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Thieme ME, Leeuwenburgh MM, Valdehueza ZD, et al. Diagnostic accuracy and patient acceptance of MRI in children with suspected appendicitis. Eur Radiol. 2014 Mar. 24(3):630-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
de Almeida Leite RM, Seo DJ, Gomez-Eslava B, et al. Nonoperative vs operative management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Surg. 2022 Sep 1. 157 (9):828-34. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yadao S, Lamture Y, Huse S. Uses of antibiotics alone in case of uncomplicated appendicitis. Cureus. 2022 Aug. 14 (8):e28488. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Singer DD, Thode HC Jr, Singer AJ. Effects of pain severity and CT imaging on analgesia prescription in acute appendicitis. Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Jan. 34(1):36-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Eriksson S, Granstrom L. Randomized controlled trial of appendicectomy versus antibiotic therapy for acute appendicitis. Br J Surg. 1995 Feb. 82(2):166-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Salminen P, Paajanen H, Rautio T, et al. Antibiotic therapy vs appendectomy for treatment of uncomplicated acute appendicitis: the APPAC randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015 Jun 16. 313(23):2340-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bonadio W, Rebillot K, Ukwuoma O, Saracino C, Iskhakov A. Management of pediatric perforated appendicitis: comparing outcomes using early appendectomy vs solely medical management. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017 Oct. 36(10):937-41. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Bickell NA, Aufses AH Jr, Rojas M, Bodian C. How time affects the risk of rupture in appendicitis. J Am Coll Surg. 2006 Mar. 202(3):401-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Abou-Nukta F, Bakhos C, Arroyo K, et al. Effects of delaying appendectomy for acute appendicitis for 12 to 24 hours. Arch Surg. 2006 May. 141(5):504-6; discussion 506-7. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Fair BA, Kubasiak JC, Janssen I, et al. The impact of operative timing on outcomes of appendicitis: a National Surgical Quality Improvement Project analysis. Am J Surg. 2015 Mar. 209(3):498-502. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Boomer LA, Cooper JN, Anandalwar S, et al. Delaying appendectomy does not lead to higher rates of surgical site infections: a multi-institutional analysis of children with appendicitis. Ann Surg. 2016 Jul. 264(1):164-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
[Guideline] Korndorffer JR Jr, Fellinger E, Reed W. SAGES guideline for laparoscopic appendectomy. Surg Endosc. 2010 Apr. 24(4):757-61. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. [Full Text].
Wilasrusmee C, Sukrat B, McEvoy M, Attia J, Thakkinstian A. Systematic review and meta-analysis of safety of laparoscopic versus open appendicectomy for suspected appendicitis in pregnancy. Br J Surg. 2012 Nov. 99(11):1470-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Liang MK, Lo HG, Marks JL. Stump appendicitis: a comprehensive review of literature. Am Surg. 2006 Feb. 72(2):162-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Barclay L. Ultrasound, CT comparable to detect appendicitis in children. December 5, 2013. Medscape Medical News. Available at http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/817370. Accessed: December 9, 2013.
Le J, Kurian J, Cohen HW, Weinberg G, Scheinfeld MH. Do clinical outcomes suffer during transition to an ultrasound-first paradigm for the evaluation of acute appendicitis in children?. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013 Dec. 201(6):1348-52. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Hurst AL, Olson D, Somme S, et al. Once-daily ceftriaxone plus metronidazole versus ertapenem and/or cefoxitin for pediatric appendicitis. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2017 Mar 1. 6(1):57-64. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Talan DA, Saltzman DJ, Mower WR, et al, for the Olive View–UCLA Appendicitis Study Group. Antibiotics-first versus surgery for appendicitis: a US pilot randomized controlled trial allowing outpatient antibiotic management. Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Jul. 70(1):1-11.e9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Xu J, Liu YC, Adams S, Karpelowsky J. Acute uncomplicated appendicitis study: rationale and protocol for a multicentre, prospective randomised controlled non-inferiority study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of non-operative management in children with acute uncomplicated appendicitis. BMJ Open. 2016 Dec 21. 6(12):e013299. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Kache SA, Mshelbwala PM, Ameh EA. Outcome of primary closure of abdominal wounds following laparotomy for peritonitis in children. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2016 Oct-Dec. 13(4):185-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Arer IM, Alemdaroglu S, Yesilagac H, Yabanoglu H. Acute appendicitis during pregnancy: case series of 20 pregnant women. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2016 Nov. 22(6):545-8. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Loftus TJ, Raymond SL, Sarosi GA Jr, et al. Predicting appendiceal tumors among patients with appendicitis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2017 Apr. 82(4):771-5. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Yu YR, Sola R Jr, Mohammed S, et al. Foley catheters are not routinely necessary in children treated with patient-controlled analgesia following perforated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg. 2018 Apr 4. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Dumas RP, Subramanian M, Hodgman E, et al. Laparoscopic appendectomy: a report on 1164 operations at a single-institution, safety-net hospital. Am Surg. 2018 Jun 1. 84(6):1110-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Poletti PA, Botsikas D, Becker M, et al. Suspicion of appendicitis in pregnant women: emergency evaluation by sonography and low-dose CT with oral contrast. Eur Radiol. 2018 Jun 15. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Shay S, Kupietzky A, Weiss DJ, et al. Composite criteria for non-operative management of acute non-complicated appendicitis result in low failure rates. World J Surg. 2022 Jan. 46 (1):69-75. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
Al-Mulhim AS. Readmission after antibiotic management of uncomplicated acute appendicitis in adults: prospective study. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2020 Aug. 46 (4):841-6. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].